Patent US3814915A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3814915A
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Means and method for controlling alkylation unit to achieve and maintain a desired hydrocarbon content for recycle acid
Assignee: Texaco Inc
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Filing: 1973-01-17
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Granted: 1974-06-04
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Expires: 1993-01-17
Abstract
Abstract The existing hydrocarbon content in the recycle acid in an alkylation unit is determined. Changes in earnings associated with increasing and decreasing the hydrocarbon content conditions are also determined. The interface level separating the acid phase and the hydrocarbon phase in an acid settler in the alkylation unit is controlled in accordance with the determinations to achieve and maintain a desired hydrocarbon content for the recycle acid.
Inventors
- 👤 D Sweeney
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 08:44
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C2/00; C07C2/54; C07C2/56; C07C2/58; C07C2/62; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S208/00; Y10S208/01
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
193 words
A system as described in claim 1 in which the earnings change signal means includes Delta Q signal means for providing signals corresponding to a change in octane rating Delta Q1 for the increased hydrocarbon condition and to a change in octane rating Delta Q2 for the decreased hydrocarbon condition, Delta A signal means for providing signals corresponding to a change in acid consumption Delta A1 for the increased hydrocarbon content condition and to a change in acid consumption Delta A2 for the decreased hydrocarbon condition, and means connected to the economic value signal means, to the octane change signal means and to the acid consumption change signal means for providing the Delta EA1 and Delta EA2 signals in accordance with the following equation: Delta EA ( Delta Q)(WQ) - ( Delta A)(WA) where the Delta EA1 signal is derived by using the Delta Q1 and Delta A1 signals, where Delta Q1 and Delta A1 are substituted for Delta Q and Delta A, respectively, and the Delta EA2 signal is derived by using the Delta Q2 and Delta A2 signals, where Delta Q2 and Delta A2 replace Delta Q and Delta A, respectively.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
129 words
A system as described in claim 2 in which the Delta Q signal means includes G signal means for providing signals corresponding to a quantity GC1 for the increased hydrocarbon content condition, to a quantity GC2 for a decreased hydrocarbon content condition and to a quantity GB for the existing hydrocarbon content condition, and means connected to the G signal means for providing the Delta Q1 and Delta Q2 signals in accordance with the GC1GC2 and GB signals and the following equation: Delta Q GC-GB where the Delta Q1 signal is developed by using the GC1 and GB signals, where GC1 is substituted for GC and the Delta Q2 is generated by using the GC2 and GB signals, where GC2 is substituted for GC in the last mentioned equation.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
185 words
A system as described in claim 3 in which the Delta A signal means includes means for providing a signal corresponding to the existing acid consumption AB, FS signal means for providing signals corresponding to the quantities FSB, FSC1 and FSC2 for the existing hydrocarbon content condition, the increased hydrocarbon content condition, and the decreased hydrocarbon content condition, respectively, FH signal means for providing signals corresponding to the quantities FHB, FHC1 and FHC2 for the existing hydrocarbon content condition, the increased hydrocarbon content condition, and the decreased hydrocarbon content condition, respectively, and means connected to the acid consumption signal means, to the FS signal means, to the FH signal means for providing signals corresponding to Delta A1 and to Delta A2 in accordance with the ABFSC, FHB, FSB and FHC signals and the following equation: Delta A AB((FSCFNB/FSBFHC) - 1) where the Delta A1 signal is generated using the FSC1 and FHC1 signals, where FSC1 and FHC1 are substituted for FSC and FHCrespectively, and the Delta A2 signal is generated using the FSC2 and FHC2 signals, where FSC2 and FHC2 replace FSC and FHC, respectively.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
95 words
A system as described in claim 4 in which the AB signal means includes means for providing a signal corresponding to a constant b, means connected to the characteristic sensing means for providing a signal corresponding to the volume fraction Pk of alkylate in the hydrocarbon product, and means connected to the flow rate sensing means for providing the AB signal in accordance with the following equation: AB b(RAB)/PKRH where RAB is the other flow rate of the fresh acid and discharge acid flow rates and RH is the flow rate of the hydrocarbon product.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
175 words
A system as described in claim 5 in which the G signal means includes means for providing signals corresponding to constants a1 and a2 ; means for providing a signal corresponding to a quantity PR; S signal means for providing signals corresponding to quantities SB, S1 and S2 for the existing hydrocarbon content condition, the increased hydrocarbon content condition and the decreased hydrocarbon content condition, respectively, and means connected to the a1-a2, PR, S, HB, HC1-HC2 signal means for providing the GB, GC1 and GC2 signals in accordance with the a1, a2, PR, SB, S1, S2, HB, HC1 and HC2 signals and the following equation: G a1S2+a2PRH where the GB signal is developed using the SB and HB signals, where SB and HB are substituted for S and H, respectively, the GC1 signal is developed using the S1 and HC1 signals, where S1 and HC1 are substituted for S and H, respectively, and the GC2 signal is developed using the S2 and HC2 signals, where S2 and HC2 are substituted for S and H, respectively.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
161 words
A system as described in claim 6 in which one of the signals provided by the characteristic sensing means corresponds to the ratio PB of propylene to olefins; and the PR signals means includes means for providing a signal corresponding to an upper limit PU for the ratio of propylene to olefins, means connected to the characteristic sensing means and to the PU signal for comparing the PB and PU signals, means connected to the characteristic signal means and to the PB signal means for providing a signal corresponding to PB/PU, means for providing a signal corresponding to 1.0, and switching means controlled by the comparing means to pass the 1.0 signal as the PR signal while blocking the PB/PU signal when the ratio PB is equal to or greater than the limit ratio PU and to pass the PB/PU signal as the PR signal while blocking the 1.0 signal when the ratio PB is less than the limit ratio PU.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
172 words
A system as described in claim 7 in which the S signal means includes means for providing a signal corresponding to the volume CV of the contactor, means connected to the characteristic sensing means and to the flow rate sensing means for providing a signal corresponding to the flow rate RO of the olefins in accordance with the characteristic signals and the olefin-isoparaffin flow rate signal, means connected to the CV signal means, to the RO signal means, to the HB signal means, to the flow rate sensing means, and to the HC1-HC2 signal means for providing the SB, S1 and S2 signals in accordance with the RO, CV, HB, HC1 and HC2 signals, the flow rate signals and the following equation: S 100Ro (RR+RH)/CVRR (100-H) where RR and R H are the flow rates of the recycle acid and hydrocarbon product, respectively, the SB, S1 and S2 signals are developed using the HB, HC1 and HC2, respectively, where SB, S1 and S2 are substituted for H in the last mentioned equation.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
275 words
A system as described in claim 8 further comprising means for providing a signal corresponding to the upper limit HM for the hydrocarbon content; and in which the FH signal means includes means connected to the HB signal means and to HM signal means for comparing the HB signal with the HM signal, means for providing signals corresponding to constants C1 through C5, means for providing a signal corresponding to a reference hydrocarbon content HR for the recycle acid, means connected to the C1-C5 signal means, to the HB signal means, to the HC1-HC2 signal means and to HR signal means for providing signals corresponding to FHB, FHC1 and FHC2 in accordance with the C2 through C5 signals and the HB, HC1, HC2 and HR signals and the following equation: FH'' C2+C3 ((H-HR) /100) + C4((H-HR)/100)2 + C5((H-HR)/100)3 where the F''HB, F''HC1 and F''HC2 signals are derived using the HB, HC1 and HC2 signals where FHB, FHC1 and FHC2 are substituted for H, respectively, in the last mentioned equation, and switching means connected to the last mentioned comparing means, to the C1-C5 signal means and to F''HB, F''HC1 and F''HC2 signal means and controlled by the last mentioned comparing means to provide the C1 signal as the FHB, FHC1 and FHC2 signals while blocking the F''HB, F''HC1 and F''HC2 signals when the existing hydrocarbon content HB is not less than the upper limit HM to the hydrocarbon content and to provide the F''HB, F''HC1 and F''HC2 signals as the FHB, FHC1 and FHC2 signals, respectively, while blocking the C1 signal when the existing hydrocarbon content HB is less than the upper limit HM hydrocarbon content.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
71 words
A system as described in claim 9 in which the FS signal means includes means for providing signals corresponding to constants d1 through d4, and means connected to the pB signal means, to the d1-d4 signal means and the S signal means for providing the signals corresponding to the quantities FSB, FSC1 and FSC2 in accordance with the SB, S1, S2, d1 through d4 and PB signals and the following equation:
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
A system as described in claim 1 in which the control signal means is a digital computer programmed in a preDetermined manner to provide the control signals.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
126 words
A system as described in claim 11 in which the computer has been programmed to determine changes Delta EA1 and Delta EA2 in earnings for an increased hydrocarbon content HC1 for the recycle acid and a decreased hydrocarbon content HC2 for the recycle acid in accordance with the following equations: Delta EA1 ( Delta Q1) (WQ) ( Delta A1) (WA) Delta EA2 ( Delta Q2) (WQ) ( Delta A2) (WA) where Delta Q1 and Delta Q2 are changes in the octane ratings for the increased and decreased hydrocarbon content conditions, respectively, Delta A1 and Delta A2 are changes in the acid consumption for the increased and decreased hydrocarbon content conditions, respectively, and WQ and WA are economic values associated with the octane rating and the acid.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
366 words
A method for controlling an alkylation unit to achieve a desired hydrocarbon content in recycle acid, said alkylation unit includes a contactor wherein olefins-isoparaffin entering the contactor are contacted in the presence of acid and said contactor provides an acid-hydrocarbon mixture to a settler which separates the acid to provide a hydrocarbon product, including alkylate, and hydrocarbon enriched acid, a portion of the enriched acid is discharged, fresh acid is added to the remaining enriched acid which is then provided to the contactor as recycle acid, which comprises controlling one flow rate of the fresh acid and discharge acid flow rates relative to the other flow rate in accordance with a control signal; sensing characteristics of the olefins-isoparaffin, the fresh acid, the recycle acid and the hydrocarbon product; providing signals corresponding to the sensed characteristics; sensing the flow rates of the olefins-isoparaffin, the recycle acid, the discharge acid and the hydrocarbon product; providing signals corresponding to the sensed flow rates; sensing the interface level in the settler; providing a signal representative of the sensed interface level; providing signals WQ and WA corresponding to economic values related to the octane rating of the alkylate and to the cost of the acid, respectively; and providing the control signal in accordance with the characteristic signals, the flow rate signals, the level signal and the economic signals to control the one acid flow rate so as to control the interface level to achieve the desired hydrocarbon content in the recycle acid and said control signal step includes providing a signal corresponding to the hydrocarbon content HB of the recycle acid in accordance with the characteristic signals; providing signals corresponding to an increased hydrocarbon content HC1 for the recycle acid and for a decreased hydrocarbon content HC2 for the recycle acid; providing signals corresponding to a change in earnings Delta EA1 for an increased hydrocarbon content condition and Delta EA2 for a decreased hydrocarbon content condition in accordance with the HB, HC1 and HC2 signals, selecting the HB, HC1 or HC2 signal in accordance with the Delta EA1 and Delta EA2 signals as a desired hydrocarbon content condition, and providing a signal corresponding to the selected signal as the control signal.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
161 words
A method as described in claim 13 in which the earnings change signal step includes providing signals corresponding to a change in octane rating Delta Q1 for the increased hydrocarbon condition and to a change in octane rating Delta Q2 for the decreased hydrocarbon condition, providing signals corresponding to a change in acid consumption Delta A1 for the increased hydrocarbon content condition and to a change in acid consumption Delta A2 for the decreased hydrocarbon condition, And providing the Delta EA1 and Delta EA2 signals in accordance with the following equation: Delta EA (Q) (WQ) ( Delta A) (WA) where the Delta EA1 signal is derived by using the Delta Q1 and Delta A1 signals, where Delta Q1 and Delta A1 are substituted for Delta Q and Delta A1, respectively, and the Delta EA2 signal is derived by using the Delta Q2 and Delta A2 signals, where Delta Q2 and Delta A2 are substituted for Delta Q and Delta A, respectively.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
121 words
A method as described in claim 14 in which the step for providing Delta Q1 and Delta Q2 signals includes providing signals corresponding to a quantity GC1 for the increased hydrocarbon content, to a quantity GC2 for a decreased hydrocarbon content condition and to a quantity GB for the existing hydrocarbon content condition, and providing the Delta Q1 and Delta Q2 signals in accordance with the GC1, GC2 and GB signals and the following equation: Delta Q GC-GB where the Delta Q1 signal is developed using the GC1 and GB signals, where GC1 is substituted for GC and the Delta Q2 signal is developed using the GC2 and GB signals, where GC2 is substituted for GC in the last mentioned equation.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
165 words
A method as described in claim 15 in which the step of providing the Delta A1 and Delta A2 signals includes providing a signal corresponding to the existing acid consumption AB, providing signals corresponding to the quantities FSB, FSC1 and FSC2 for the existing hydrocarbon content condition, the increased hydrocarbon content condition and the decreased hydrocarbon content condition respectively, providing signals corresponding to the quantities FHB, FHC1 and FHC2 for the existing hydrocarbon content condition, and for the decreased hydrocarbon content condition, respectively, providing the signals corresponding to Delta A1 and to Delta A2 in accordance with the AB, FSC, FHBFSB and FHC signals and the following equation: A AB((FSCFHB/FSBFHC) -1 ) where the Delta A1 signal is provided using the FSC1 and FHC1 signals where FSC1 and FHC1 are substituted for FSC and FHC, respectively, and the Delta A2 signal is developed using the FSC2 and FHC2 signals where FSC2 and GHC2 are substituted for FSC and FHC, respectively, in the last mentioned equation.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
78 words
A method as described in claim 16 in which the step of providing the AB signal includes providing a signal corresponding to a constant b, providing a signal corresponding to the volume fraction Pk of alkylate in the hydrocarbon product, and the AB signal in accordance with the following equation: AB b(RAB)/PKRH where RAB is the other flow rate of the fresh acid and discharge acid flow rates and RH is the flow rate of the hydrocarbon product.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
165 words
A method as described in claim 17 in which the step of providing the GC1, GC2 and GB signals includes providing signals corresponding to constants a1 and a2; providing a signal corresponding to a quantity PR; providing signals corresponding to quantities SB, S1 and S2 for the existing hydrocarbon content condition, the increased hydrocarbon content condition and the decreased hydrocarbon content condition, respectively; and providing the GB, G1 and G2 signals in accordance with the a1, a2, PR, SB, S1, S2, HB, HC1 and HC2 signals and the following equation: G a1S2+a2PRH where the GB signal is developed using the SB and HB signals, where SB and HB are substituted for S and H, respectively, the GC1 signal is developed using the S1 and HC1 signals where S1 and HC1 are substituted for S and H, respectively, and the GC2 signal is developed using the S2 and HC2 signals, where S2 and HC2 are substituted for S and H, respectively, in the last mentioned equation.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
110 words
A method as described in claim 18 in which one of the characteristic signals provided corresponds to the ratio PB of propylene to olefins; and the step of providing the PR signal includes providing a signal corresponding to an upper limit PU for the ratio of propylene to olefins, comparing the PB and PU signals, providing a signal corresponding to PB/PU, providing a signal corresponding to 1.0, and providing the 1.0 signal as the PR signal when the ratio PB is equal to or greater than the limit ratio PU and providing the pB/PU signal as the PR signal when the ratio PB is less that the limit ratio PU.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
143 words
A method as described in claim 19 in which the step of providing the S signal includes providing a signal corresponding to the volume CV of the contactor, means connected to the characteristic sensing means and to the flow rate sensing means for providing a signal corresponding to the flow rate RO of the olefins in accordance with the characteristic signals and the olefinisoparaffin flow rate signal, providing the SB, S1 and S2 signals in accordance with the RO, CV, HB, HC1 and H2 signals, the flow rate signals and the following equation: S 100RO (RR+RH)/CVRR (100-H) where RR and RH are the flow rates of the recycle acid and hydrocarbon product, respectively, the SB, S1 and S2 signals are developed using the HB, HC1 and HC2 signals, respectively, where HB, HC1 and HC2 are substituted for H in the last mentioned equation.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
191 words
A method as described in claim 20 further comprising the step of providing a signal corresponding to an upper limit HM for the hydrocarbon content; and in which the step of providing the FH signal includes comparing the HB signal with the HM signal, providing signals corresponding to constants C1 through C5, providing a signal corresponding to a reference hydrocarbon content HR for the recycle acid, providing the FHG, FHC1 and FHC2 signals in accordance with the C2 through C5 signals and the HB, HC1, HC2 and HR signals and the following equation: FH C2 + C3 ((H-HR)/100) + C4((H-HR)/100)2 + C5((H-HR)/100)3 where the FHB1, FHC1 and FHC2 signals are derived using the HB, HC1 and HC2 signals, respectively, where HB, HCl and HC2 are substituted for H in the last mentioned equation, providing the C1 signal as the FHB, FHC1 and FHC2 signals when the existing hydrocarbon content HB is not less than the upper limit HM hydrocarbon content and providing the FHB, FHC1 and FHC2 signals as the FHB, FHC1 and FHC2 signals, respectively, when the existing hydrocarbons content HB is less than the upper limit HM hydrocarbon content.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
54 words
A method as described in claim 21 in which the step of providing the FS signal includes providing signals corresponding to constants d1 through d4, and providing the signals corresponding to the quantities FSB, FSC1 and FSC2 in accordance with the SB, S1, S2, d1 through d4 and PB signals and the following equation:
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-06-03 | 1977-12-03 | 1978-06-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-06-03 | 1981-12-03 | 1982-06-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-06-03 | 1985-12-03 | 1986-06-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |