Patent US1182234A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US3811871A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3811871A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for class iv b metals ore reduction
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1971-02-19
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Granted: 1974-05-21
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Expires: 1991-02-19
Abstract
Abstract The oxides of IV B are reduced to their metallic state by first introducing the ore into a liquid containing phosphoric acid, zinc oxide and water. The solution is mixed and calcium carbonate is added. After removal of particles held in suspension by decanting, settling, and returning the solution to the original container, the mixture is brought to a boil. Most of the volatiles are removed by boiling and sodium bicarbonate is added to the mixture, along with water. After the reaction has gone to completion, the solution is again decanted and the remaining material is leached and rinsed, following which it is smelted to the base metal.
Inventors
- 👤 P Taylor
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 09:27
CPC Classifications
C; C22; C22B; C22B34/00; C22B34/10; C22B34/12; C22B34/1236; C22B34/1259; C22B34/124; C22B34/1295; C22B34/14
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
23 words
The process of claim number 1 wherein the titanium dioxide is in the form of rutile and/or the titanium product of Ilmenite ore.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
40 words
The process of claim number 1 wherein various ratios of batches comprised of titanium dioxide and solution are indicated approximately by intersecting coordinates on a certain line on a chart designated FIG. 1 and titled ORE TO FORMULA BATCH RATIO.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim number 1 wherein sulfated surfactant is an alkylphenol polyglycol ether.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
157 words
A method of reducing titanium dioxide to titanium comprising the steps of: A. Adding powdered titanium dioxide to a solution consisting essentially of about 24.2 parts by weight of phosphoric acid, about 0.5 parts by weight of zinc oxide, about 1 part by weight of a sulfated surfactant, and about 115 parts by weight of water, B. Dissolving 1/2 pound of calcium carbonate to every 17 pounds of titanium dioxide, C. Pouring the solution off after the reaction has gone to completion and allowing the sediment to settle out, D. Decanting the solution back into the container holding the treated titanium dioxide, E. Bringing the solution to a boil while agitating to obtain a homogenous solution, F. Vaporizing the volatile materials until residue is hard, G. Removing residue and pulverizing, H. Leaching and reacting residue with acids and solvents, and rinsing with water, I. Drying the resultant residue, J. Smelting the remaining material to produce titanium metal.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim number 5 wherein the titanium dioxide is in the form of rutile and/or the titanium product of Ilmenite ore.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
40 words
The process of claim number 5 wherein various ratios of batches comprised of titanium dioxide and solution are indicated approximately by intersecting coordinates on a certain line on a chart designated FIG. 1 and titled ORE TO FORMULA BATCH RATIO.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim number 5 wherein sulfated surfactant is an alkylphenol polyglycol ether.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
153 words
A method of reducing zirconium dioxide to zirconium and hafnium comprising the steps of: A. Adding powdered zirconium dioxide to a solution consisting essentially of about 24.2 parts by weight of phosphoric acid, about 0.5 parts by weight of zinc oxide, about 1 part by weight of a sulfated surfactant, and about 115 parts by weight of water, B. Dissolving 1/2 pound of calcium carbonate to every 25 pounds of zirconium dioxide, C. Bringing the solution to a boil while agitating to obtain a homogenous solution, D. Vaporizing the volatile materials until residue is syrupy (pliable). E. Adding 2 pounds of sodium bicarbonate to every 45 pounds of liquid formula used. F. Adding water G. Decanting the resulting solution after the reaction has gone to completion, H. Leaching and rinsing the material in acids and water, I. Drying the resultant residue, and, J. Smelting the remaining material to produce zirconium and hafnium metal.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim number 9 wherein the zirconium dioxide is in the form of Baddeleyite and/or the zirconium product of zirconium silicate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process of claim number 9 wherein various ratios of batches comprised of zirconium dioxide and solution are approximately indicated by intersecting coordinates on a certain line (B) on a chart which is designated FIG. 2 and titled ZIRCONIUM-HAFNIUM ORE TO FORMULA BATCH RATIOS.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim number 9 wherein sulfated surfactant is an alkylphenol polyglycol ether.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
131 words
A method of reducing zirconium dioxide to zirconium and hafnium comprising the steps of: A. Adding powdered zirconium dioxide to a solution consisting essentially of about 24.2 parts by weight of phosphoric acid, about 0.5 parts by weight of zinc oxide, about 1 part by weight of a sulfated surfactant, and about 115 parts by weight of water, B. Dissolving 1/2 pound of calcium carbonate to every 25 pounds of zirconium dioxide, C. Bringing the solution to a boil while agitating to obtain a homogenous solution, D. Vaporizing the volatile materials until residue is hard, E. Removing residue and pulverizing, F. Leaching and reacting residue with acids and solvents, and rinsing with water, G. Drying the zirconium and hafnium powders, H. Smelting the remaining material to produce zirconium and hafnium metal.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim number 6 wherein the zirconium dioxide is in the form of Baddeleyite and/or the zirconium product of zirconium silicate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process of claim number 13 wherein various ratios of batches comprised of zirconium dioxide and solutions are approximately indicated by intersecting coordinates on a certain line (B) on a chart which is designated FIG. 2 and titled ZIRCONIUM-HAFNIUM ORE TO FORMULA BATCH RATIOS.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim number 13 wherein sulfated surfactant is an alkylphenol polyglycol ether.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-05-20 | 1977-11-19 | 1978-05-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-05-20 | 1981-11-19 | 1982-05-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-05-20 | 1985-11-19 | 1986-05-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |