Abstract Spent antimony halide catalysts resulting from the fluorination of chlorinated hydrocarbons and containing in the spent condition a mixture of antimony (III)- and antimony (V)-halides are regenerated by A. DISSOLVING THE SPENT CATALYST IN WATER TO FORM AN AQUEOUS ACIDIC SOLUTION THEREOF; B. ADDING A CONCENTRATED SOLUTION OF AMMONIA TO SAID AQUEOUS SOLUTION UNTIL THE SOLUTION IS SLIGHTLY ALKALINE AND MAINTAINING THE SOLUTION AT THE RESULTING INCREASED TEMPERATURE UNTIL THE ANTIMONY OXIDES ARE PRECIPITATED FROM THE SOLUTION, FORMING A SUSPENSION THEREIN; C. FILTERING OFF THE PRECIPITATE; D. DISSOLVING THE PRECIPITATE IN CONCENTRATED HYDROCHLORIC ACID; E. INTRODUCING SULFUROUS ACID, A SALT THEREOF OR SODIUM THIOSULFATE INTO THE SAID SOLUTION, WHILE ADDING A REDOX CATALYST IN CASE OF SULFUROUS ACID OR SALT THEREOF, SO AS TO CAUSE REDUCTION OF THE ANTIMONY (V)-chloride present in said mixture of antimony chlorides to antimony (III)-chloride; F. ADDING A CONCENTRATED AQUEOUS AMMONIA SOLUTION TO THE HYDROCHLORIC ACID SOLUTION TO PRECIPITATE THE ANTIMONY COMPOUND IN THE FORM OF ANTIMONY (III)-oxide or antimony (III)oxychloride; G. SEPARATING THE WEB PRECIPITATE FROM THE SOLUTION; H. DISSOLVING IT IN CONCENTRATED HYDROCHLORIC ACID, AND I. SUBJECTING THE HYDROCHLORIC ACID SOLUTION TO FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION TO OBTAIN ANTIMONY (III)-chloride which can be used as fresh catalyst in the above fluorination reaction. If the fluorine ion contents of the spent catalyst is not in excess of 1 percent, the reduction may be performed directly with the aqueous acidic solution of the catalyst without alkalizing the solution with ammonia solution and dissolving the precipitate in hydrochloric acid.
A process as defined in claim 1 in which the solution formed in step a is filtered to separate any water-insoluble substances before being subjected to further treatment in accordance with the successive following steps of the process.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process as defined in claim 1 in which the reducing agent that is used in step e is sulfur dioxide in the presence of a redox catalyst which consists of a compound that dissociates to yield iodide ions.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
44 words
A process as defined in claim 1 in which the reducing agent that is used in step e is an alkali-metal sulfite or alkali-metal hydrogen sulfite in the presence of a redox catalyst which consists of a compound that dissociates to yield iodide ions.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process as defined in claim 3 in which the compound that dissociates to yield iodide ions is an alkali-metal iodide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
36 words
A process as defined in claim 3 in which the compound that dissociates to yield iodide ions is potassium iodide, which is present in an amount of at least 0.005 percent by weight of the solutiOn.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as defined in claim 1 in which the reducing agent that is used in step e is sodium thiosulfate and the mixture is thereafter treated as specified in step f.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process as defined in claim 1 in which the fractional distillation in step j is effected at a subatmospheric pressure.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process as defined in claim 1 in which the precipitate of antimony oxides that is separated in step c is washed with water to remove any residual fluoride ions.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
40 words
A process as defined in claim 1 in which the antimony (III) oxide or oxychloride that is precipitated in step h is washed with water containing ammonium sulfite having a hydrogen-ion concentration corresponding to a pH between 8.0 and 9.0.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as defined in claim 1 in which the spent catalyst that is subjected to treatment contains not more than 1 percent of fluoride ion and steps b, c and d of the process are omitted.