Continuous process of producing nonaromatic tin halides the organic group having not more than five carbon atoms

Abstract

Abstract A CONTINUOUS PROCESS OF PRODUCING NON-AROMATIC TIN HALIDES OF NOT MORE THAN FIVE CARBON ATOMS IN EACH ORGANIC GROUP, SUCH AS ALKYLTIN HALIDES. TO SIMPLIFY THE ABSTRACT, REFERENCES WILL BE MADE TO THE PREFERRED ALKYLTIN HALIDES. IN THE PROCESS TWO COLUMNS ARE USED. IN THE FIRST, METALLIC TIN WITH A LARGE SURFACE, SUCH AS TIN GRANULS, FOIL AND THE LIKE, MOVES DOWN THROUGH THE COLUMN WITH A LIQUID CATALYST WHICH IS AN ONIUM COMPOUND PREPARED BY COMPLEXING TRIVALENT NITROGEN COMPOUNDS OR PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS WITH ALKYL HALIDES. AT THE BOTTOM OF THE TOWER ALKYL HALIDES ARE PUMPED IN AND FLOW UP, REACTING WITH THE TIN TO FORM ALKYLTIN COMPOUNDS, WHICH LEAVE THE TOP OF THE COLUMN AND ARE SEPARATED FROM THE ONIUM CATALYST BY FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION IN A SECOND COLUMN. THE CATALYST, CARRYING DISSOLVED OR COMPLEXED A SMALL AMOUNT OF ALKYLTIN HALIDE, IS RECIRCULATED. THERE ARE TWO VARIANTS, ONE IN WHICH THE CATALYST CONSISTS OF THE ONIUM COMPOUND ONLY AND THE SECOND WHERE THERE IS ALOS PRESENT AN IODINE COMPOUND. WITHOUT THE IODINE COMPOUND THE REACTION IS SOMEWHAT SLOWER, BUT THE COST OF THE IODINE COMPOUND IS ELIMINATED, SO THAT THE CHOICE IS AN ECONOMIC ONE. IN BOTH CASES THE YIELDS OF ALKYLTHIN COMPOUNDS ARE VERY HIGH AND OFTEN APPROACH QUANTITATIVE. THE TIN COMPOUNDS ARE MIXTURE OF MONOALKYLTIN TRIHALIDES, DIALKYLTIN DIHALIDES. TRIALKYLTIN HALIDES, AND TETRAALKYLTIN. THE RELATIVE PROPORTIONS OF EACH TYPE OF PRODUCT DEPENDS UPON THE TYPE OF CATALYST, THE TEMPERATURE OF THE REACTION, AND THE RAE OF FLOW THROUGH THE APPARATUS. UNDER USUAL CONDITIONS, THE MAIN PRODUCT WILL BE DIALKYLTIN DIHALIDES.

Inventors

• 👤 I Hechenbleikner

Bibliographic Details