Process for dyeing fibers or fabrics of aromatic polyamides

Claim 2

The process of claim 1, wherein the amount of said swelling agent is 0.5 to 50 percent based on the weight of said fibers or fabrics (o.w.f.).

Claim 3

The process of claim 1, wherein the amount of said inorganic salt is 1 to 40 percent based on the weight of the dye bath (o.w.s.).

Claim 4

The process of claim 1 wherein said neutral or acidic inorganic salt is an alkali metal salt or ammonium salt of an inorganic acid.

Claim 5

A process for dyeing fibers or fabrics of an aromatic polyamide having an aromatic ring in the recurring units with acid dyes, which comprises dip dyeing said fibers or fabrics of an unmodified aromatic polyamide in which the recurring unit of the molecular chain is expressed by a recurring unit selected from the group consisting of: i. - NH-Ar1-CO - , wherein Ar1 is phenyl, ii. - NH-Ar1-NHCO-Ar2-CO - , wherein Ar1 and Ar2 are the same or different, and represent phenyl or naphthyl, iii. - NH-R1-Ar1-CO - , wherein Ar1 is phenyl and R1 is an alkyl group of 1 - 4 carbon atoms, iv. - NH-R1-Ar1-R2-NHCO-Ar2-CO-, wherein Ar1 and Ar2 may be the same or different, and represent phenyl or naphthyl, and R1 and R2 may be the same of different and represent an alkyl group of 1 - 4 carbon atoms, and v. combinations of two or more of units (i) to (iv), in an aqueous dye bath comprising an acid dye of the monosulfonic acid, monosulfonic acid-carboxylic acid, disulfonic acid, disulfonic acid-carboxylic acid, or carboxyiic acid type expressed by the formula D--AM)p wherein D represents a dye molecule matrix, A represents -SO3-or -COO- residue, M represents hydrogen or an alkali metal, and p is an integer of 1 to 3, with the proviso that A is only -SO3- and when A contains both -SO3- and -COO-, the maximum number of -SO3M is 2, and at least 1 percent by weight, based on the weight of the dye bath, of a neutral or acidic inorganic salt in the presence of a swelling agent selected from compounds having a phenolic hydroxyl group expressed by the following formula HO-Ar3-R3 wherein Ar3 is a phenyl or naphthyl group, R3 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl groups, halogen, a nitro group, lower alkoxy groups, and a phenyl group, and when Ar3 is a naphthyl group, R3 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, and alkali metal salt thereof; and soaping the dyeing obtained.

Claim 6

The process of claim 6 wherein said neutral or acidic inorganic salt is an alkali metal salt or ammonium salt of an inorganic acid.