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US3748448A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Control system for a reaction process system
Assignee: Universal Oil Products Co
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Filing: 1972-07-06
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Granted: 1973-07-24
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Expires: 1992-07-06
Abstract
Abstract Control system for optimizing and stabilizing consumption of the reactants of a reaction process system. The control system comprises a system control means which receives system condition signals from the reaction process system and which generates adjustment signals for controlling the reaction process system. One of the system condition signals is the amount of consumption of an uncontrollable reactant being supplied to the system. The system control means will generate a signal which is proportional to the uncontrollable reactant consumption signal received to control the severity of reaction within a reactor in the system. Another signal received by the control system is an index indicative of conversion and material balance of the system. In a preferred embodiment this particular signal represents the level of the bottoms in a fractionator column. The control means has computer means for computing the change of this index with respect to time and for determining a parameter of comparison whose value is a function of the value of this index. Comparator means compares the actual rate of change of the index with the parameter of comparison and generates a signal for activating controller means in the reaction system. Comparator means is also provided to compare the index with limits of deviation and for generating signals for activating controller means in the reaction process system.
Inventors
- 👤 J Sayles
- 👤 A Pekar
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 18:48
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06G; G06G7/00; G06G7/48; G06G7/58; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S208/00; Y10S208/01
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
435 words
In a reaction process system having at least one reactor with inlet means for introducing at least two reactants, one being in uncontrollable and varying supply and the second being in a controllable supply, and with outlet means for discharging the reactor effluent therefrom, a control system for optimizing and stabilizing consumption of the reactants which maintains an index indicative of conversion and material balance of the system within predetermined limits of deviation ocmprising in combination: a. first regulating means connected to the inlet means for regulating the supply of the controllable reactant; b. second regulating means connecting to said reactor for regulating the severity of reaction therein; c. first sensing means connected to said reaction process system for generating a signal representative of the amount of controllable reactant being supplied to the reactor; d. second sensing means connecting to said reaction process system for generating a singal representative of the severity of the reaction therein; e. third sensing means connecting to said reaction process system for generating a signal representative of the index indicative of conversion and material balance of the system; f. fourth sensing means connecting to said reaction process system for generating a signal representative of the amount of consumption of uncontrollable reactant being supplied to said reactor; g. first controller means connecting to said first regulating means for controlling the regulation thereof; h. second controller means connecting to said second regulating means for controlling the regulation thereof; and, i. system control means connecting to said sensing means and to said controller means for receiving said generated signals and for generating adjustment signals for controlling said reactor system, said system control means including: (1) first computer means for determining changes in the signal representative of the amount of consumption of the uncontrollable reactants being supplied to said system and for generating an adjustment signal proportional to the changes for activating the second controller means to contRol the severity of reaction, whereby optimum amounts of uncontrollable reactant may be consumed; (2) second computer means for computing the change of said index with respect to time and for determining a parameter of comparison whose value is a function of the value of the index; (3) first comparator means for comparing the change of the index with respect to time with said parameter of comparison and for generating a signal for activating said first controller means in response to said comparison; and, (4) second comparator means for comparing the actual value of the index with the limits of deviation and for generating a singal for activating said first controller means in response to said comparison.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
435 words
In a reaction process system having at least one reactor with inlet means for introducing at least two reactants, one being in uncontrollable and varying supply and the second being in a controllable supply, and with outlet means for discharging the reactor effluent therefrom, a control system for optimizing and stabilizing consumption of the reactants which maintains an index indicative of conversion and material balance of the system within predetermined limits of deviation ocmprising in combination: a. first regulating means connected to the inlet means for regulating the supply of the controllable reactant; b. second regulating means connecting to said reactor for regulating the severity of reaction therein; c. first sensing means connected to said reaction process system for generating a signal representative of the amount of controllable reactant being supplied to the reactor; d. second sensing means connecting to said reaction process system for generating a singal representative of the severity of the reaction therein; e. third sensing means connecting to said reaction process system for generating a signal representative of the index indicative of conversion and material balance of the system; f. fourth sensing means connecting to said reaction process system for generating a signal representative of the amount of consumption of uncontrollable reactant being supplied to said reactor; g. first controller means connecting to said first regulating means for controlling the regulation thereof; h. second controller means connecting to said second regulating means for controlling the regulation thereof; and, i. system control means connecting to said sensing means and to said controller means for receiving said generated signals and for generating adjustment signals for controlling said reactor system, said system control means including: (1) first computer means for determining changes in the signal representative of the amount of consumption of the uncontrollable reactants being supplied to said system and for generating an adjustment signal proportional to the changes for activating the second controller means to contRol the severity of reaction, whereby optimum amounts of uncontrollable reactant may be consumed; (2) second computer means for computing the change of said index with respect to time and for determining a parameter of comparison whose value is a function of the value of the index; (3) first comparator means for comparing the change of the index with respect to time with said parameter of comparison and for generating a signal for activating said first controller means in response to said comparison; and, (4) second comparator means for comparing the actual value of the index with the limits of deviation and for generating a singal for activating said first controller means in response to said comparison.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
39 words
The reaction process system of claim 1 wherein said second sensing means comprises temperature sensing means for determining temperature conditions within said reactor, and wherein said second regulating means comprises means for regulating the temperature conditions within said reactant.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
228 words
The reaction process system of claim 1 wherein: a. said reactor comprises at least one reaction zone; b. outlet temperature sensing means is connected to the outlet side of said reaction zone for generating signals for said system control means representative of the outlet temperature of said reaction zone; c. said second controller means comprises an inlet temperature controller having a controllable set point; d. said second regulating means comprises means for regulating the temperature conditions within said reaction zone; e. said system control means includes means for storing a contollable outlet temperature set point, said outlet temperature set point being adjusted in response to the signal generated by said first comparator means; and, f. said system control means includes means for scanning the signals generated by said outlet temperature sensing means at predetermined intervals of time and for comparing said signals against said outlet temperature set point and for generating adjustment signals to adjust said inlet temperature controller set point, the magnitude of said adjustable signal being equal to the sum of: a component proportional to the difference betwen the products resulting from subtraction of each of the two most recent outlet temperatures measured from the outlet temperature set point and a component porportional to the sum of the differences between the aforesaid outlet temperature set point and at least the three most recent outlet temperatures measured.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
173 words
The reaction process system of claim 1 wherein: a. said system control means includes means for storing a reference signal representative of the normal amount of consumption of uncontrollable reactant being supplied to said reactor; b. said system control means includes means for scanning signals generated by said fourth sensing means at predetermined intervals of time and for comparing said signals against said reference signal and for generating an adjustment signal to said second controller whose magnitude is proportional to the sum of: a component porportional to the difference between the quantities resulting from subtraction of the two most recent readings of the amount of consumption of uncontrollable reactant and the reference reading; a component porportional to the sum of the differences between the reference reading and at least the three most recent readings of the amount of consumption of uncontrollable reactant; and a component poroportional to the sum of the differences between consecutive readings of the amount of consumption of uncontrollable reactant including at least five differences between the most recent readings.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
78 words
The reaction process system of claim 1 wherein when the index lies beyond the limits, and when the direction of the change of the limit with respect to time indicates that the index will continue to depart from said limits, the comparator means will generate a singal for said first controller means wHose magnitude is directly porportional to the change of the index with respect to time and also including components to reverse the trend of the index.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
33 words
The reaction process system of claim 5 wherein said comparator means will also generate a signal to said second controller means whose magnitude is proportional at the signal to said first controller means.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
The reaction process system of claim 1 wherein the magnitude of the adjustment signal made by said first comparator means comprises a signal proportional to the change of the index with respect to time.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
85 words
The reaction process system of claim 1 wherein said parameter of comparison comprises a first variable parameter whose value is given by the absolute value of the difference between the measured value of the index and the more proximate limit, with respect to time, and when the change of the index with respect to time exceeds the first variable parameter, said first comparator means will generate an adjustment signal to siad first controller means proportional to the change of the index with respect to time.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
The reaction process system of claim 8 wherein said first comparator means will also generate a signal to said second controller means proportional to the adjustment signal to said first controller means.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
85 words
The reaction process system of claim 8 wherein when the index lies within the limits and when the absolute value of the change of the index with respect to time exceeds the first variable parameter, and when the index is apporaching the more proximate limit, the comparator means will generate a signal to said first controller means, the generated signal being proportional to the change of the index with respect to time and including components to reverse the trend of the value of the index.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
98 words
The reaction process system of claim 8 wherein said parameter of comparison further comprises a second variable parameter whose value is given by the absolute value of: the difference between the index and the more distant limit, with respect to time, and when the absolute value of the change of the index with respect to time exceeds the aforesaid second variable parameter, said comparator means will generate a signal to said first controller means, the signal being proportional to the change of the index with respect to time and including components to reverse the trend of the index.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
129 words
The reaction process system of claim 1 wherein: a. said reaction process system comprises a hydrocarbon cracking process wherein said uncontrollable reactant comprises hydrogen; b. the reaction system further comprises a pressurized liquid-vapor phase separation means connected to the downstream side of said reactor for separating any unreacted hydrogen in a gaseous phase from the effluent of said reactor; c. wherein fractionation means is connected donwstream form the liquid end of said separation means for separating any unreacted controllable reactant in a liquid phase from the liquid effluent; d. said first regulation means includes means for recycling from said fractionation means unreacted controllable reactant to said reactor; and, e. means is connected to said reactor to said separation means for recycling hydrogen from said separation means to said reactor.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
36 words
The reaction process system of claim 12 wherein said third sensing means comprises level indicating means connected to said fractionation means for generating a signal representative of the level of liquid bottoms in said fractionation means.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
30 words
The reaction process system of claim 12 wherein said fourth sensing means comprises pressure indicating means connected to said separation means for generating a singal representative of the pressure therein.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
The reaction process system of claim 12 wherein said second sensing means comprises temperature sensing means connected to said reactor for generating a signal representative of temperature conditions therein.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
35 words
The reaction process system of claim 12 wherein said fourth sensing means comprises flow sensing means connecting to said reaction process for generating a signal representative of the hydrogen consumption of the said reaction process.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-07-23 | 1977-01-22 | 1977-07-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-07-23 | 1981-01-22 | 1981-07-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-07-23 | 1985-01-22 | 1985-07-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |