Patent US3745575A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3745575A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of detecting subsurface objects
Assignee: KIKUCHI NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCE RES LABOR JA
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Filing: 1972-02-01
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Granted: 1973-07-10
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Expires: 1992-02-01
Abstract
Abstract A method of detecting subsurface objects such as ore deposits by producing a graded transition layer for the propagation of electromagnetic waves having, for example, an exponential or square law characteristic at the air-water or air-earth interface by directing an electromagnetic wave from a stereo antenna through a non-linear element having, for example, an exponential or square law characteristic and a half-wavelength space transformer and, when desired, by simultaneously directing another electromagnetic wave from a linear antenna to the interface to enable the electromagnetic waves to pass through the interface to penetrate into the water or earth and to be reflected by the subsurface objects into the air.
Inventors
- 👤 H Kikuchi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 16:16
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01V; G01V3/00; G01V3/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim
81 words
A method of detecting subsurface objects in which a first electromagnetic wave having a first angular frequency is directed through a non-linear element and a half-wavelength space transformer to the air-water or air-earth interface, whereby a graded transition layer for the propagation of said electromagnetic wave is produced at said interface to enable said electromagnetic wave to pass through said interface to penetrate into the water or earth to be reflected or backscattered or forwardscattered by subsurface objects into the air.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
81 words
A method of detecting subsurface objects in which a first electromagnetic wave having a first angular frequency is directed through a non-linear element and a half-wavelength space transformer to the air-water or air-earth interface, whereby a graded transition layer for the propagation of said electromagnetic wave is produced at said interface to enable said electromagnetic wave to pass through said interface to penetrate into the water or earth to be reflected or backscattered or forwardscattered by subsurface objects into the air.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method of detecting subsurface objects according to claim 1, in which said non-linear element and said transition layer have exponential or square law characteristics.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method of detecting subsurface objects according to claim 1, in which a second electromagnetic wave having a second angular frequency which is different from said first frequency is directed to said interface simultaneously with said first electromagnetic wave.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
65 words
A method of detecting subsurface objects according to claim 3, in which said first electromagnetic wave is emitted from a stereo antenna and said second electromagnetic wave is emitted from a linear antenna, whereby the coherent component of said second electromagnetic wave interferes with said first electromagnetic wave and the incoherent component of said second electromagnetic wave effects parametric jumping of said first electromagnetic wave.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
55 words
A method of detecting subsurface objects according to claim 3, in which both of said first and second electromagnetic waves are emitted from respective stereo antennas, and said first and second electromagnetic waves form a beat wave which is detected in said transition layer and reflection modulated when it is reflected by said subsurface objects.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method of detecting subsurface objects according to claim 3, in which said electromagnetic waves are in the intermittent or pulse form so that the reflected waves can be separated, and said reflected two waves are subjected to phase comparison to effect range determination.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method of detecting subsurface objects according to claim 6, in which said reflected waves are separately received by separate receivers to monitor the generation of said transition layer.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-07-09 | 1977-01-08 | 1977-07-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-07-09 | 1981-01-08 | 1981-07-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-07-09 | 1985-01-08 | 1985-07-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |