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US3743491A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Method of strengthening glass and increasing the scratch resistance of the surface thereof

Assignee: OI Glass Inc
•
Filing: 1971-07-12
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Granted: 1973-07-03
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Expires: 1991-07-12
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Abstract

Abstract A combined treatment for newly formed glass bodies for increasing the mechanical strength thereof, and for increasing the scratch resistance of the glass surface. Newly formed glass bodies at elevated temperatures, usually somewhat above 800* F. are sprayed or otherwise coated with stannic chloride, or a compound of titanium or zirconium which pyrolyzes to form a metal oxide film on the glass surface. While still at elevated temperatures the glass bodies are sprayed with an aqueous solution of a potassium compound which volatilizes and deposits potassium salt which acts through the previously deposited tin, titanium or zirconium coating to effect exchange of larger potassium ions for smaller sodium ions in a surface layer of the glass to produce a compressive stress layer. The glass is held at elevated temperature below its strain point, or cooled relatively slowly in a lehr, whereby this ion exchange proceeds to a sufficient degree while the glass is still at elevated temperature. When the glass has cooled it is washed to remove excess unexchanged potassium from the glass surface to expose the tin, titanium or zirconium coating at the exterior of the glass surface, and a final coating of an olefin polymer, such as polyethylene is applied to bond with and coact with the metal oxide coating to substantially improve the scratch resistance of the glass surface. Various transparent organic coatings may be employed in the final coating.

Inventors

  • 👤 J Poole
  • 👤 H Snyder
  • 👤 M Boschini

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-31 23:50
CPC Classifications
C; C03; C03C; C03C21/00; C03C21/001; C03C21/002; C03C17/00; C03C17/22; C03C17/23; C03C17/34; C03C17/42; C03C2217/00; C03C2217/20; C03C2217/21; C03C2217/211; C03C2217/212; C03C2217/22; C03C2218/00; C03C2218/10; C03C2218/11; C03C2218/112; C03C2218/17; C03C2218/30; C03C2218/32

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim 12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said potassium salt comprises tripotassium phosphate.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said potassium salt comprises dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said potassium salt comprises potassium carbonate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said metal containing compound comprises stannic chloride.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said metal containing compound comprises alkyl titanate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 15 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said metal containing compound comprises a pyrolyzable zirconium compound.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 25 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said metal containing compound comprises a metallo-organic ester selected from the group consisting of alkyl titanates and alkyl zirconates.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said olefin polymer comprises polyethylene.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 11 words
The method of claim 5 wherein said olefin polymer comprises polyethylene.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 11 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said olefin polymer comprises polyethylene.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 11 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said olefin polymer comprises polyethylene.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 12 words
The method of claim 5 wherein said potassium salt comprises tripotassium phosphate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 12 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said potassium salt comprises tripotassium phosphate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 12 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said potassium salt comprises tripotassium phosphate.
Claim 15
Independent Claim 215 words
A method of increasing the strength and abrasion-resistance of soda-lime glass which comprises treating the surface of the glass with a compound containing a metal of the group consisting of tin, titanium and zirconium, which compound is pyrolyzable to form the respective metal oxide on the glass surface while the surface is at a temperature at least as high as the pyrolyzing temperature of the compound, then spraying said surface with an aqueous solution of a potassium salt to form a continuous coating layer thereon while said glass is still at an elevated temperature in the approximate area of the strain point temperature of the glass, maintaining said glass at an elevated temperature below the strain point of the glass for a sufficient period of time to provide for a substantial exchange of potassium ions for sodium ions of the glass to a depth sufficient to produce a substantial compressive stress layer but not for a sufficient time to produce stress relaxation, cooling the glass, then washing the same to remove excess potassium salt from the glass surface, and then spraying onto the glass surface a material selected from the group consisting of olefin polymers, vinyl polymers And stearates, and mixtures thereof, to form a tightly adherent, thin, transparent, substantially colorless coating on said surface.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 12 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said potassium salt comprises tripotassium phosphate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 13 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said potassium salt comprises dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 12 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said potassium salt comprises potassium carbonate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 13 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said metal containing compound comprises stannic chloride.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 13 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said metal containing compound comprises alkyl titanate.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 15 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said metal containing compound comprises a pyrolyzable zirconium compound.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim 25 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said metal containing compound comprises a metallo-organic ester selected from the group consisting of alkyl titanates and alkyl zirconates.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim 12 words
The method of claim 20 wherein said potassium salt comprises tripotassium phosphate.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim 12 words
The method of claim 21 wherein said potassium salt comprises tripotassium phosphate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim 12 words
The method of claim 22 wherein said potassium salt comprises tripotassium phosphate.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

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US3323889A Cited
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1976-07-02 1977-01-01 1977-07-03 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1980-07-02 1981-01-01 1981-07-03 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1984-07-02 1985-01-01 1985-07-03 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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