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US3728672A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method and apparatus for logging the characteristics of materials forming the walls of a borehole
Assignee: Mobil Oil AS
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Filing: 1971-08-09
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Granted: 1973-04-17
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Expires: 1991-08-09
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus for obtaining the log of a borehole employing a transducer assembly which is rotated about and advanced along the axis of a borehole. The transducer assembly includes one or more transmitters of acoustic energy. An excitation pulser is selectively coupled through a relay to the transducer assembly, the relay being energized by surface instrumentation to select the transmitter which is to be operative. Reflections of acoustic energy pulses are converted to electrical reflection signals by the transducer assembly and coupled by signal-enhancing circuitry to the Z-axis of an electron beam display device for intensity modulating the electron beam as it is swept across the face of the display device in accordance with the rotation of the transducer assembly. The signal-enhancing circuitry is selectively operated to nonlinearly change the amplitudes of the reflection signals received from the transducer assembly to either increase or decrease the contrast of the picture of the borehole as displayed on the face of the display device.
Inventors
- 👤 C Dennis
- 👤 J Zemanek
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 19:42
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01V; G01V1/00; G01V1/40; G01V1/44
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
111 words
A system for logging characteristics of material forming the walls of a borehole, comprising: a. a transducer assembly including transmitting means for producing acoustic energy pulses and receiving means for producing signals representative of reflections of said acoustic pulses from the walls of said borehole, b. means for rotating said transducer assembly about the borehole axis, c. means for advancing said transducer assembly along the axis of said borehole, d. means for displaying said reflection signals such that amplitude variations in said signals are contrasted visually, and e. means for nonlinearly changing the amplitudes of said reflection signals relative to one another to enhance the contrast presented by said display means.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
111 words
A system for logging characteristics of material forming the walls of a borehole, comprising: a. a transducer assembly including transmitting means for producing acoustic energy pulses and receiving means for producing signals representative of reflections of said acoustic pulses from the walls of said borehole, b. means for rotating said transducer assembly about the borehole axis, c. means for advancing said transducer assembly along the axis of said borehole, d. means for displaying said reflection signals such that amplitude variations in said signals are contrasted visually, and e. means for nonlinearly changing the amplitudes of said reflection signals relative to one another to enhance the contrast presented by said display means.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
35 words
The system of claim 1 wherein: said signal amplitude changing means generates signals representative of the amplitudes of said reflection signals raised to the nth power, where n is a positive integer greater than 1.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
The system of claim 1 wherein: said signal amplitude changing means generates signals representative of the logarithm of the amplitudes of said reflection signals.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
39 words
The system of claim 1 wherein the transmitting means of said transducer assembly includes: a. means for producing acoustic pulses of at least two frequencies, and b. switching means for selecting the frequency at which said transmitting means operates.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
46 words
The system of claim 1 further including: an envelope detector responsive to said reflection signals for producing envelope signals representative of the envelope of said reflection signals, said envelope signals then being displayed by said display means and operated upon by said nonlinear amplitude changing means.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
99 words
A system for displaying data, said data being obtained from a borehole wherein acoustic energy pulses are transmitted by a transducer assembly located in and rotated about the axis of the borehole and reflections of such acoustic energy pulses from formations surrounding the borehole are received by said transducer, comprising: a. means for displaying signals representative of the reflections received by said transducer assembly so that amplitude variations in said signals can be contrasted visually, and b. means for nonlinearly changing the amplitudes of said signals relative to one another to enhance the visual contrast presented by said signals.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
99 words
A system for displaying data, said data being obtained from a borehole wherein acoustic energy pulses are transmitted by a transducer assembly located in and rotated about the axis of the borehole and reflections of such acoustic energy pulses from formations surrounding the borehole are received by said transducer, comprising: a. means for displaying signals representative of the reflections received by said transducer assembly so that amplitude variations in said signals can be contrasted visually, and b. means for nonlinearly changing the amplitudes of said signals relative to one another to enhance the visual contrast presented by said signals.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
34 words
The system of claim 6 wherein: said amplitude changing means generates signals representative of the amplitude of said received reflections raised to the nth power, where n is a positive integer greater than one.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The system of claim 6 wherein: said amplitude changing means generates signals representative of the logarithm of the amplitude of said receiVed reflections.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
150 words
A system for displaying borehole data on an electron beam display device, said data being obtained from scanning the walls of a borehole at a plurality of depths wherein a beam of high frequency acoustic energy is rotated about the borehole axis and reflection signals are produced in response to received reflections of acoustic energy from the borehole walls, said system comprising: a. means for sweeping an electron beam across the face of said electron beam display device in response to the rotation of said high frequency acoustic energy about said borehole axis, b. means responsive to said reflection signals for modulating said electron beam to present a visual display of the characteristics of the material forming the walls of said borehole, and c. means for nonlinearly changing the amplitudes of said reflection signals relative to one another to enhance the contrast on the visual display presented by said signals.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
150 words
A system for displaying borehole data on an electron beam display device, said data being obtained from scanning the walls of a borehole at a plurality of depths wherein a beam of high frequency acoustic energy is rotated about the borehole axis and reflection signals are produced in response to received reflections of acoustic energy from the borehole walls, said system comprising: a. means for sweeping an electron beam across the face of said electron beam display device in response to the rotation of said high frequency acoustic energy about said borehole axis, b. means responsive to said reflection signals for modulating said electron beam to present a visual display of the characteristics of the material forming the walls of said borehole, and c. means for nonlinearly changing the amplitudes of said reflection signals relative to one another to enhance the contrast on the visual display presented by said signals.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
34 words
The system of claim 9 wherein: said amplitude changing means generates signals representative of the amplitudes of said reflection signals raised to the nth power, where n is a positive integer greater than 1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
The system of claim 9 wherein: said amplitude changing means generates signals representative of the logarithm of the amplitudes of said reflection signals.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
96 words
A method of displaying data, said data being obtained from a borehole wherein acoustic energy pulses are transmitted by a transducer assembly located in and rotated about the axis of the borehole and reflections of such acoustic energy pulses from formations surrounding the borehole are received by said transducer, comprising: a. visually displaying signals representative of the reflections received by said transducer assembly so that amplitude variations in said signals can be contrasted visually, and b. nonlinearly changing the amplitudes of said signals relative to one another to enhance the visual contrast presented by said signals.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
96 words
A method of displaying data, said data being obtained from a borehole wherein acoustic energy pulses are transmitted by a transducer assembly located in and rotated about the axis of the borehole and reflections of such acoustic energy pulses from formations surrounding the borehole are received by said transducer, comprising: a. visually displaying signals representative of the reflections received by said transducer assembly so that amplitude variations in said signals can be contrasted visually, and b. nonlinearly changing the amplitudes of said signals relative to one another to enhance the visual contrast presented by said signals.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said amplitude changing step includes: generating signals representative of the amplitude of said received reflections raised to the nth power, where n is a positive integer greater than 1.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said amplitude changing step includes: generating signals representative of logarithm of the amplitude of said received reflections.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
147 words
A method of displaying borehole data on an electron beam display device, said data being obtained from scanning the walls of a borehole at a plurality of depths wherein a beam of high frequency acoustic energy is rotated about the borehole axis and reflection signals are produced in response to received reflections of acoustic energy from the borehole walls, said method comprising the steps of: a. sweeping an electron beam across the face of said electron beam display device in response to the rotation of said high frequency acoustic energy about said borehole axis, b. intensity modulating said electron beam with said reflection signals to present a visual display of the characteristics of the material forming the walls of said borehole, and c. nonlinearly changing the amplitudes of said reflection signals relative to one another to enhance the contrast on the visual display presented by said signals.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
147 words
A method of displaying borehole data on an electron beam display device, said data being obtained from scanning the walls of a borehole at a plurality of depths wherein a beam of high frequency acoustic energy is rotated about the borehole axis and reflection signals are produced in response to received reflections of acoustic energy from the borehole walls, said method comprising the steps of: a. sweeping an electron beam across the face of said electron beam display device in response to the rotation of said high frequency acoustic energy about said borehole axis, b. intensity modulating said electron beam with said reflection signals to present a visual display of the characteristics of the material forming the walls of said borehole, and c. nonlinearly changing the amplitudes of said reflection signals relative to one another to enhance the contrast on the visual display presented by said signals.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 15 wherein said amplitude changing step includes: generating signals representative of the amplitudes of said signals raised to the nth power, where n is a positive integer greater than 1.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 15 wherein said amplitude changing step includes: generating signals representative of the logarithm of the amplitudes of said signals.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
90 words
A method of logging a borehole, comprising: a. rotating about the axis of a borehole a transducer assembly for transmitting and receiving acoustic energy pulses, b. advancing said transducer assembly along thE length of said borehole axis, c. generating first signals representative of reflections of said acoustic energy pulses from the walls of said borehole, d. nonlinearly changing the amplitudes of said first signals relative to one another to provide for second signals, and e. displaying said second signals such that amplitude variations in said second signals are contrasted visually.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
90 words
A method of logging a borehole, comprising: a. rotating about the axis of a borehole a transducer assembly for transmitting and receiving acoustic energy pulses, b. advancing said transducer assembly along thE length of said borehole axis, c. generating first signals representative of reflections of said acoustic energy pulses from the walls of said borehole, d. nonlinearly changing the amplitudes of said first signals relative to one another to provide for second signals, and e. displaying said second signals such that amplitude variations in said second signals are contrasted visually.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method of claim 18 wherein said amplitude changing step includes: generating second signals representative of the amplitudes of said first signals raised to the nth power, where n is a positive integer greater than 1.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 18 wherein said amplitude changing step includes: generating second signals representative of the logarithm of the amplitudes of said first signals.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 18 further including the step of: a. providing for acoustic energy pulses of at least two frequencies, and b. selecting the frequency at which said transducer assembly operates.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 18 wherein said first signal generating step further includes the step of: producing envelope signals representative of the envelope of said reflection signals.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3369626A
Cited
US3517768A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-04-16 | 1976-10-16 | 1977-04-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-04-16 | 1980-10-16 | 1981-04-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-04-16 | 1984-10-16 | 1985-04-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |