Patent US3728045A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3728045A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Helicopter blade
Assignee: RTX Corp
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Filing: 1971-09-22
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Granted: 1973-04-17
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Expires: 1991-09-22
Abstract
Abstract To alleviate the roll moment established during helicopter forward flight, it is necessary to vary the blade pitch angle around the azimuth with reduced angle on the advancing side and increased angle on the retreating side. To accomplish this without the introduction of unreasonable losses in lift capability and stability and without an undue increase in drag, the blade airfoil section is selectively shaped so as to delay or minimize blade flow separation, and high Mach number compressibility effects.
Inventors
- 👤 D Balch
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 06:40
CPC Classifications
B; B64; B64C; B64C27/00; B64C27/32; B64C27/46; B64C27/467
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
76 words
A helicopter blade having a chord, thickness, and a span and further having: A. a root portion adapted to be connected to a rotor hub, B. a tip portion defining the blade portion farthest from said root portion, C. a central portion extending between and attached to said root portion and said tip portion and cooperating therewith to define blade span and being shaped to define an airfoil of cross section in accordance with the equation:
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
76 words
A helicopter blade having a chord, thickness, and a span and further having: A. a root portion adapted to be connected to a rotor hub, B. a tip portion defining the blade portion farthest from said root portion, C. a central portion extending between and attached to said root portion and said tip portion and cooperating therewith to define blade span and being shaped to define an airfoil of cross section in accordance with the equation:
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
A blade according to claim 1 wherein said root portion is thicker than said central portion, and wherein said tip portion is thinner than said central portion.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said tip portion is also defined by the given equation.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
270 words
A helicopter blade having a chord, thickness, and a span and further having: A. a root portion adapted to be connected to a rotor hub, B. a tip portion defining the blade portion farthest from said root portion, C. a central portion extending between and attached to said root portion and said tip portion and cooperating therewith to define blade span and being shaped to define an air-foil of cross section defined by the coordinate system: X/C Yu/t YL/t 0.0125 0.1863 -.1526 0.025 0.2737 -.221 0.05 0.387 -.2993 0.075 0.45 -.3395 0.1 0.4926 -.3642 0.15 0.5442 -.3937 0.2 0.5734 -.4087 0.25 0.5842 -.4147 0.3 0.5815 -.4122 0.4 0.5578 -.3959 0.5 0.5109 -.3627 0.6 0.4434 -.3145 0.7 0.3553 -.2509 0.8 0.2486 -.1745 0.9 0.13 -.0905 0.9750.0345 -.0244 where X is a chord station measured form the blade leading edge, C is the chord dimension, t is maximum blade thickness, Yu is the upper airfoil location at station X and YL is the lower airfoil location at station X and where the leading edge radii can be defined by the following equations: ( Rho u/c) (t/c)2 1.018 ( Rho L/c) (t/c)2 0.7313 where Rho u is the leading edge radius of the blade upper airfoil section taken from a point on the blade chord, wherein C is the chord dimension, wherein t is maximum blade thickness and where Rho L is the leading edge radius of the blade lower airfoil section taken from a point on the blade chord and within a range of + or - 3 percent of the values of Yu/t, YL/t, Rho u and Rho L so determined.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
270 words
A helicopter blade having a chord, thickness, and a span and further having: A. a root portion adapted to be connected to a rotor hub, B. a tip portion defining the blade portion farthest from said root portion, C. a central portion extending between and attached to said root portion and said tip portion and cooperating therewith to define blade span and being shaped to define an air-foil of cross section defined by the coordinate system: X/C Yu/t YL/t 0.0125 0.1863 -.1526 0.025 0.2737 -.221 0.05 0.387 -.2993 0.075 0.45 -.3395 0.1 0.4926 -.3642 0.15 0.5442 -.3937 0.2 0.5734 -.4087 0.25 0.5842 -.4147 0.3 0.5815 -.4122 0.4 0.5578 -.3959 0.5 0.5109 -.3627 0.6 0.4434 -.3145 0.7 0.3553 -.2509 0.8 0.2486 -.1745 0.9 0.13 -.0905 0.9750.0345 -.0244 where X is a chord station measured form the blade leading edge, C is the chord dimension, t is maximum blade thickness, Yu is the upper airfoil location at station X and YL is the lower airfoil location at station X and where the leading edge radii can be defined by the following equations: ( Rho u/c) (t/c)2 1.018 ( Rho L/c) (t/c)2 0.7313 where Rho u is the leading edge radius of the blade upper airfoil section taken from a point on the blade chord, wherein C is the chord dimension, wherein t is maximum blade thickness and where Rho L is the leading edge radius of the blade lower airfoil section taken from a point on the blade chord and within a range of + or - 3 percent of the values of Yu/t, YL/t, Rho u and Rho L so determined.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
A blade according to claim 4 wherein said root portion is thicker than said central portion and wherein said tip portion is thinner than said central portion.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said tip portion is also defined by said coordinate system.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
234 words
A helicopter blade having a thickness, a span and a chord, and further having: A. A root portion adapted to be connected to a rotor hub, B. a tip portion defining the blade portion farthest from said root portion, C. a central portion extending between and attached to said root portion and said tip portion and cooperating therewith to define blade span and being shaped to define an airfoil of cross section defined by the coordinate system: X/C Yu/C YL/C 0.00 0.00 .00 0.0125 0.0177 -.0145 0.025 0.0264 -.0210 0.05 0.03677 -.02843 0.075 0.04275 -.03225 0.10 0.0468 -.03460 0.15 0.0517 -.0374 0.20 0.05447 -.03883 0.25 0.0555 -0.0394 0.30 0.05524 -.03916 0.40 0.05299 -.03761 0.50 0.04854 -.03446 0.60 0.04212 -.02988 0.70 0.03375 -.02384 0.80 0.02362 -.01658 0.90 0.01235 -.00864 0.975 0.00328 -.00232 1.0 0.00 .00 where X is the station along the blade chord, C is the blade chord dimension, Y is the location of the upper airfoil surface at station X, and YL is the location of the lower airfoil surface at station X, and wherein the leading edge radius of the upper airfoil is 0.010 taken from a point on the blade chord and wherein the leading edge radius of the lower airfoil is 0.0066 taken from a point on the blade chord and within a range of + or - 3 percent of the given values of Yu/C and YL/C so determined.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
234 words
A helicopter blade having a thickness, a span and a chord, and further having: A. A root portion adapted to be connected to a rotor hub, B. a tip portion defining the blade portion farthest from said root portion, C. a central portion extending between and attached to said root portion and said tip portion and cooperating therewith to define blade span and being shaped to define an airfoil of cross section defined by the coordinate system: X/C Yu/C YL/C 0.00 0.00 .00 0.0125 0.0177 -.0145 0.025 0.0264 -.0210 0.05 0.03677 -.02843 0.075 0.04275 -.03225 0.10 0.0468 -.03460 0.15 0.0517 -.0374 0.20 0.05447 -.03883 0.25 0.0555 -0.0394 0.30 0.05524 -.03916 0.40 0.05299 -.03761 0.50 0.04854 -.03446 0.60 0.04212 -.02988 0.70 0.03375 -.02384 0.80 0.02362 -.01658 0.90 0.01235 -.00864 0.975 0.00328 -.00232 1.0 0.00 .00 where X is the station along the blade chord, C is the blade chord dimension, Y is the location of the upper airfoil surface at station X, and YL is the location of the lower airfoil surface at station X, and wherein the leading edge radius of the upper airfoil is 0.010 taken from a point on the blade chord and wherein the leading edge radius of the lower airfoil is 0.0066 taken from a point on the blade chord and within a range of + or - 3 percent of the given values of Yu/C and YL/C so determined.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
A blade according to claim 7 wherein said root portion is thicker than said central portion and wherein said tip portion is thinner than said central portion.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein said tip portion is also defined by said coordinate system.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
142 words
A helicopter blade having a thickness, a span and a chord, and further having: A. a root portion adapted to be connected to a rotor hub, B. a tip portion defining the blade portion farthest from said root portion, C. a central portion extending between and attached to said root portion and said tip portion and cooperating therewith to define blade span and having a thickness of about 9.5 percent chord dimension and a forward camber, with maximum camber at about 0.8 + or - 0.05 percent chord dimension and being located forward of the 30 percent chord station and shaped so as to have a blade pitching moment coefficient within the range + or - 0.03 before moment divergence at all Mach numbers below 0.75 to thereby produce low blade pitching moments without sacrificing higher maximum lift coefficient and drag divergence.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
142 words
A helicopter blade having a thickness, a span and a chord, and further having: A. a root portion adapted to be connected to a rotor hub, B. a tip portion defining the blade portion farthest from said root portion, C. a central portion extending between and attached to said root portion and said tip portion and cooperating therewith to define blade span and having a thickness of about 9.5 percent chord dimension and a forward camber, with maximum camber at about 0.8 + or - 0.05 percent chord dimension and being located forward of the 30 percent chord station and shaped so as to have a blade pitching moment coefficient within the range + or - 0.03 before moment divergence at all Mach numbers below 0.75 to thereby produce low blade pitching moments without sacrificing higher maximum lift coefficient and drag divergence.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-04-16 | 1976-10-16 | 1977-04-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-04-16 | 1980-10-16 | 1981-04-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-04-16 | 1984-10-16 | 1985-04-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |