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US3712536A
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Mean-rate indicating apparatus
Assignee: Post Office
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Filing: 1971-03-23
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Granted: 1973-01-23
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Expires: 1991-03-23
Abstract
Abstract A mean-rate indicator comprises a pulse source to add to the total stored in a recirculating shift register store at a constant rate. At each occurrence of an event-indicating signal the total is reduced to a fixed fraction ( 3/4 ) of its instantaneous value, the fraction being obtained by serial arithmetic addition of shifted outputs of the register. The total is shown to be a measure of the mean-rate of occurrence of the event-indicating signal and can usefully be displayed as a logarithmic output. The logarithmic output is obtained by use of a counter having a count approximating a logarithmic function clocked at the same rate as the shift register. Particular reference is made to the indication of fractional error rate in digital transmission systems.
Inventors
- 👤 J Griffiths
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 13:01
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01R; G01R23/00; G01R23/02; H; H04; H04L; H04L43/00; H04L43/50
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
181 words
Apparatus for indicating the mean rate of occurrence of an event indicating signal, the apparatus comprising: a store operative to store a total, a store input gate having a first and a second state, and a total increasing circuit connected to the store via the store input gate when it is in the first of said two states, operative to add to the total, so that said total increases at a substantially constant rate: a divider circuit connected to the store via the store input gate when it is in the second of said two states, the store input gate being switched to the second of said two states by an event indicating signal; the combination of divider circuit and store input gate operative to reduce the total in said store to a fixed fraction of its instantaneous value each time an event indicating signal is received by said store input gate: an output circuit, connected to the store, operative to provide an output signal related to the instantaneous total representative of the mean-rate of occurrence of the event indicating signal.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
181 words
Apparatus for indicating the mean rate of occurrence of an event indicating signal, the apparatus comprising: a store operative to store a total, a store input gate having a first and a second state, and a total increasing circuit connected to the store via the store input gate when it is in the first of said two states, operative to add to the total, so that said total increases at a substantially constant rate: a divider circuit connected to the store via the store input gate when it is in the second of said two states, the store input gate being switched to the second of said two states by an event indicating signal; the combination of divider circuit and store input gate operative to reduce the total in said store to a fixed fraction of its instantaneous value each time an event indicating signal is received by said store input gate: an output circuit, connected to the store, operative to provide an output signal related to the instantaneous total representative of the mean-rate of occurrence of the event indicating signal.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the total is stored during use in a digital form.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the fixed fraction is 3/4 of the instantaneous value.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the output signal is logarithmically related to the instantaneous total.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the store comprises a shift register.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
39 words
ApparatUs as claimed in claim 5 wherein the divider circuit is operative to reduce the total to a fixed fraction of its instantaneous value by performing an arithmetic addition of parallel outputs from different stages of the shift register.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein the total-increasing circuit includes a source of pulses of substantially constant pulse repetition frequency connected so that the pulses are operative to increase the total stored in the shift register.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
38 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein the output circuit includes a counter circuit which during use is clocked in step with the shift register to provide a logarithmic representation of the instantaneous total as the output signal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
56 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the output signal is logarithmically related to the instantaneous total, the store comprises a shift register, and the divider circuit is operative to reduce the total to a fixed fraction of its instantaneous value by performing an arithmetic addition of parallel outputs from different stages of the shift register.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-01-23 | 1976-07-24 | 1977-01-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-01-23 | 1980-07-24 | 1981-01-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-01-23 | 1984-07-24 | 1985-01-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |