US3704937A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Optical line scanner using a coupled ferroelastic-ferroelectric crystal plate
Assignee: EIDP Inc
•
Filing: 1971-02-26
•
Granted: 1972-12-05
•
Expires: 1991-02-26
Abstract
Abstract When collimated light is passed through a coupled ferroelectricferroelastic crystal plate cut perpendicular to possible domain walls and divided into domains by one or more walls, the light exiting the crystal from the region of the domain wall diverges. A field lens brings the light passing through the domains to a first focus differing from the second focus of light passing through the domain wall region. By use of a suitable stop at the first focus, an image of an optical line (light on a dark field or dark on a light field) can be obtained at the second focus. The domain walls can be moved in response to electrical or mechanical stress to provide an optical line scanner. The differing polarization properties of the region of the domain wall and the adjacent domains can also be used to supplement the spatial filtering.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert K Waring
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 11:04
CPC Classifications
G; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/01; G02F1/03; G02F1/05
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 35
Claim 1
Independent Claim
11 words
Method of claim 1 wherein said stop is a pinhole aperture.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
68 words
Method of claim 2 wherein said plate is a half-wave plate, and said beam of light is polarized light, the electric vector of the incident light lying in the plane of the domain wall or perpendicular thereto, which additionally comprises passing the light emerging from said plate through an analyzer set to transmit light having its electric vector perpendicular to the electric vector of the said incident light.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
Method of claim 1 wherein said stop is an opaque stop having an area sufficient to extinguish light passing through said domains of said plate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
71 words
Method of claim 4 wherein said plate is a half-wave plate and said beam of light is polarized light, the electric vector of the incident light lying in the plane of the domain wall or perpendicular thereto, which additionally comprises passing the light emerging from said plate through an analyzer set to transmit light having its electric vector in the same plane as the electric vector of the said incident light.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said crystal plate is a crystal having an Aizu point group representation 42mFmm2, 4F2, or 222F2.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 6 wherein the Aizu point group representation is 42mFmm2.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
70 words
The method of claim 7 where said crystal has the Beta ''-gadolinium molybdate structure and has the formula (RxR''1 x)2O3.3(Mo1 eWeO3) wherein R and R'' are scandium, yttrium or at least one rare earth element having an atomic number from 57 to 71, x is from 1 to 1.0 and e is from 0 to 0.2, and said plate is a c-cut plate having edges parallel to the (110) planes.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 8 wherein said crystal has the formula Beta ''-DyGd(MoO4)3, Beta ''-Nd0.1Tb1.9(MoO4)3, Beta ''-Gd2(Mo0.9W0.1O4)3 and those crystals represented by the formula Beta ''-X2(MoO4)3, wherein X is Sm, Eu, Gd or Tb.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said stop is a pinhole aperture.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
69 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said plate is a half-wave plate, and said beam of light is polarized light, the electric vector of the incident light lying in the plane of the domain wall or perpendicular thereto, which additionally comprises passing the light emerging from said plate through an analyzer set to transmit light having its electric vector perpendicular to the electric vector of the said incident light.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said stop is an opaque stop having an area sufficient to extinguish light passing through said domains of said plate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
72 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said plate is a half-wave plate and said beam of light is polarized light, the electric vector of the incident light lying in the plane of the domain wall or perpendicular thereto, which additionally comprises passing the light emerging from said plate through an analyzer set to transmit light having its electric vector in the same plane as the electric vector of the said incident light.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said crystal is Beta ''-gadolinium molybdate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 14 wherein said stop is a pinhole aperture.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
69 words
The method of claim 15 wherein said plate is a half-wave plate, and said beam of light is polarized light, the electric rector of the incident light lying in the plane of the domain wall or perpendicular thereto, which additionally comprises passing the light emerging from said plate through an analyzer set to transmit light having its electric vector perpendicular to the electric vector of the said incident light.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim claim 14 wherein said stop is an opaque stop having an area sufficient to extinguish light passing through said domains of said plate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
72 words
The method of claim 17 wherein said plate is a half-wave plate and said beam of light is polarized light, the electric vector of the incident light lying in the plane of the domain wall or perpendicular thereto, Which additionally comprises passing the light emerging from said plate through an analyzer set to transmit light having its electric vector in the same plane as the electric vector of the said incident light.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
146 words
An optical line scanner comprising a coupled ferroelectric-ferroelastic crystal plate exhibiting uniaxial electric polarization along a ferroelectric axis having its faces cut perpendicular to crystal planes containing said ferroelectric axis along which domain walls are allowed, and its edges cut substantially parallel to said planes; electrode means on the faces of said plate to nucleate and move domain walls in said plate in response to control signals, said plate and said electrode means being transparent to light whereby said plate is divided into at least two ferroelectric-ferroelastic domains by said domain walls; means to direct a beam of light on said crystal plate; means to focus light transmitted by said domains of said plate; a stop at said focus to separate light transmitted by said domains of said plate from the light transmitted by said domain walls; and means to image the light passing said stop.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
11 words
Apparatus of claim 19 wherein said stop is a pinhole aperture.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
69 words
Apparatus of claim 20 wherein said plate is a half-wave plate and additionally comprising means to polarize the light incident on said plate whereby the electric vector of said light is parallel to said domain walls or perpendicular thereto, and analyzer means in the path of light transmitted by said crystal plate oriented to transmit light having its electric vector perpendicular to the electric vector of the incident light.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
25 words
Apparatus of claim 19 wherein said stop is an opaque stop having an area sufficient to extinguish light transmitted by said domains of said plate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
71 words
Apparatus of claim 22 wherein said plate is a half-wave plate additionally comprising means to polarize the light incident on said plate whereby the electric vector of said light is parallel to said domain walls or perpendicular thereto and analyzer means in the path of light transmitted by said crystal plate oriented to transmit light having its electric vector in the same plane as the electric vector of the incident light.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
21 words
Apparatus of claim 19 wherein said crystal plate is a crystal having an Aizu point group representations 42mFmm2, 4F2, or 222F2.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
12 words
Apparatus of claim 24 wherein the Aizu point group representation is 42mFmm2.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
69 words
Apparatus of claim 25 where said crystal has the Beta ''-gadolinium molybdate structure and has the formula (RxR''1 x)2O3.3(Mo1 eWeO3) wherein R and R'' are scandium, yttrium or at least one rare earth element having an atomic number from 57 to 71, x is from 0 to 1.0 and e is from 0 to 0.2, and said plate is a c-cut plate having edges parallel to the (110) planes.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
33 words
Apparatus of claim 26 wherein said crystal has the formula Beta ''-DyGd(Mo04)3, Beta ''-Nd0.1Tb1.9(Mo04)3, Beta ''Gd2(Mo0.9W0.104)3 and those crystals represented by the formula Beta ''-X2(Mo04)3, wherein X is Sm, Eu, Gd or Tb.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
11 words
Apparatus of claim 27 wherein said stop is a pinhole aperture.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
69 words
apparatus of claim 28 wherein said plate is a half-wave plate and additionally comprising means to polarize the light incident on said plate whereby the electric vector of said light is parallel to said domain walls or perpendicular thereto, and analyzer means in the path of light transmitted by said crystal plate oriented to transmit light having its electric vector perpendicular to the electric vector of the incident light.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
25 words
Apparatus of claim 27 wherein said stop is an opaque stop having an area sufficient to extinguish light transmitted by said Domains of said plate.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
71 words
Apparatus of claim 30 wherein said plate is a half-wave plate additionally comprising means to polarize the light incident on said plate whereby the electric vector of said light is parallel to said domain walls or perpendicular thereto and analyzer means in the path of light transmitted by said crystal plate oriented to transmit light having its electric vector in the same plane as the electric vector of the incident light.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
11 words
Apparatus of claim 27 wherein said crystal is Beta ''-gadolinium molybdate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
11 words
Apparatus of claim 32 wherein said stop is a pinhole aperture.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
69 words
Apparatus of claim 33 wherein said plate is a half-wave plate and additionally comprising means to polarize the light incident on said plate whereby the electric vector of said light is parallel to said domain walls or perpendicular thereto, and analyzer means in the path of light transmitted by said crystal plate oriented to transmit light having its electric vector perpendicular to the electric vector of the incident light.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
25 words
Apparatus of claim 32 wherein said stop is an opaque stop having an area sufficient to extinguish light transmitted by said domains of said plate.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
71 words
Apparatus of claim 35 wherein said plate is a half-wave plate additionally comprising means to polarize the light incident on said plate whereby the electric vector of said light is parallel to said domain walls or perpendicular thereto and analyzer means in the path of light transmitted by said crystal plate oriented to transmit light having its electric vector in the same plane as the electric vector of the incident light.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-12-05 | 1976-06-05 | 1976-12-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-12-05 | 1980-06-05 | 1980-12-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-12-05 | 1984-06-05 | 1984-12-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |