Abstract This invention relates to a process for the polyoxyalkylation of aliphatic acids, and Alpha , Beta -unsaturated carboxylic acids in two stages. Monooxyalkylation is conducted with a quaternary ammonium salt catalyst, followed by the introduction of a boron trifluoride catalyst to effect the polyoxyalkylation stage. In one example, polymerizable emulsifying agents are prepared according to this invention which are nonionic Alpha , Beta unsaturated dicarboxylic acid esters, having a hydrophilic nonionic polyoxyalkyl radical portion alpha to or conjugated with a polymerizable double bond, and a hydrophobic ester radical portion beta to or unconjugated with the polymerizable double bond. Polymerdispersions thus formed may be used in the preparation of coating, impregnating and binding compositions.
A process according to claim 1 wherein W is -(CH2)n-COOR, n is one, and R is a straight alkyl radical.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said step (b) is carried out at about 85* C.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is present in the weight proportion of from about 0.5 to about 5.0 percent by weight, based on the weight of the starting acid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the boron fluoride catalyst is present in the weight proportion of from about 0.5 to about 5.0 percent by weight, based on the weight of the mono-oxyalkyl intermediate.