Electrical capacitor

Claim 2

A capacitor comprising: a. a first capacitor plate comprising an electrically conductive substrate having electrically conductive particles partially embedded in at least one surface thereof; b. a dielectric comprising a thin, electrically non-conductive, coating disposed entirely over the exposed portions of said substrate; c. a second capacitor plate comprising a continuous, electrically conductive coating disposed over the surface of said non-cOnductive coating; d. means for applying an electrical potential between said first and second plates.

Claim 3

The capacitor of claim 1 wherein the metal particles are a zirconium aluminum alloy.

Claim 4

a layer of electrically conductive particles partially embedded in at least one planar surface of said substrate in electrical contact therewith, said particles having; a. a resistivity of less than 10 ohm-cm. at 20* C., b. a Vickers hardness greater than that of said substrate, and c. a size such that they pass through a U.S. standard 100 mesh/inch screen; b. a dielectric comprising thin, electrically non-conductive coating disposed entirely over the exposed surfaces of said substrate and said layer of particles, said non-conductive coating having a resistivity greater than 105 ohm-cm. and a substantially uniform thickness of 1 to 5 microns; c. a second capacitor plate comprising a thin, continuous, electrically conductive coating disposed over the entire surface of said non-conductive coating, said conductive coating being electrically insulated from said substrate and said particles by said non-conductive coating and having a resistivity of less than 10 ohm-cm. at 20* C. and, e. means for applying an electrical potential between said first and second plates.

Claim 5

a layer of electrically conductive particles partially embedded in at least one planar surface of said substrate in electrical contact therewith, said particles having; a. a resistivity of less than 10 ohm-cm. at 20* C., b. a Vickers hardness greater than that of said substrate, and c. a size such that they pass through a U.S. standard 100 mesh/inch screen; b. a dielectric comprising thin, electrically non-conductive coating disposed entirely over the exposed surfaces of said substrate and said layer of particles, said non-conductive coating having a resistivity greater than 105 ohm-cm. and a substantially uniform thickness of 1 to 5 microns; c. a second capacitor plate comprising a thin, continuous, electrically conductive coating disposed over the entire surface of said non-conductive coating, said conductive coating being electrically insulated from said substrate and said particles by said non-conductive coating and having a resistivity of less than 10 ohm-cm. at 20* C. and, e. means for applying an electrical potential between said first and second plates.

Claim 6

a layer of particles of a zirconium aluminum alloy partially embedded in both planar surfaces of said substrate in electrical contact therewith, said particles having a size such that they pass through a U.S. standard 100 mesh/inch screen, said alloy consisting of 84 percent by weight of zirconium and 16 percent by weight of aluminum, and said layer of particles being one to five particle diameters thick; b. a dielectric comprising a thin oxide coating disposed entirely over the exposed surfaces of said substrate and said layer of particles, said oxide coating consisting of a mixture of oxides of zirconium, oxides of aluminum and oxides of the metal of the substrate, said mixture having a resistivity greater than 1 X 10 12 ohm-cm. and a substantially uniform thickness of 1 to 5 microns; c. a second capacitor plate comprising a thin, continuous, vapor-deposited aluminum coating disposed over the entire surface of said oxide coating, said aluminum coating being electrically insulated from said substrate and said particles by said oxide coating; d. means for applying an electrical potential between said first and second plates.

Claim 7

a layer of particles of a zirconium aluminum alloy partially embedded in both planar surfaces of said substrate in electrical contact therewith, said particles having a size such that they pass through a U.S. standard 100 mesh/inch screen, said alloy consisting of 84 percent by weight of zirconium and 16 percent by weight of aluminum, and said layer of particles being one to five particle diameters thick; b. a dielectric comprising a thin oxide coating disposed entirely over the exposed surfaces of said substrate and said layer of particles, said oxide coating consisting of a mixture of oxides of zirconium, oxides of aluminum and oxides of the metal of the substrate, said mixture having a resistivity greater than 1 X 10 12 ohm-cm. and a substantially uniform thickness of 1 to 5 microns; c. a second capacitor plate comprising a thin, continuous, vapor-deposited aluminum coating disposed over the entire surface of said oxide coating, said aluminum coating being electrically insulated from said substrate and said particles by said oxide coating; d. means for applying an electrical potential between said first and second plates.

Claim 8

The capacitor of claim 2 herein the zirconium aluminum alloy contains 15 to 18 weight percent aluminum balance zirconium.

Claim 9

The capacitor of claim 1 wherein the substrate is iron.

Claim 10

The capacitor of claim 1 wherein the thickness of the metal particles on the substrate is equal to two to five times the average particle diameter.

Claim 11

The capacitor of claim 1 wherein the particles have a size such that they pass through a screen of 100 mesh per inch.

Claim 12

A capacitor of claim 1 comprising: a. first capacitor plate comprising:

Claim 13

A capacitor of claim 1 comprising: a. a first capacitor plate comprising:

Claim 14

A dry capacitor comprising: a. a first capacitor plate comprising an electrically conductive substrate having electrically conductive discrete particles partially embedded in at least one surface thereof, wherein the particles are harder than the substrate; b. a dielectric comprising a thin, electrically non-conductive coating disposed entirely over the exposed portions of said particles and said substrate; c. a second capacitor plate comprising a continuous, electrically conduCtive coating disposed over the surface of said non-conductive coating; d. means for applying an electrical potential between said first and second plates.

Claim 15

A dry capacitor comprising: a. a first capacitor plate comprising an electrically conductive substrate having electrically conductive discrete particles partially embedded in at least one surface thereof, wherein the particles are harder than the substrate; b. a dielectric comprising a thin, electrically non-conductive coating disposed entirely over the exposed portions of said particles and said substrate; c. a second capacitor plate comprising a continuous, electrically conduCtive coating disposed over the surface of said non-conductive coating; d. means for applying an electrical potential between said first and second plates.