Feed system for coking unit

Claim 2

Self-cleaning nonplugging apparatus for spray feeding a mist of hydrocarbonaceous material into a fluid coking zone for coking on hot, finely divided fluidized solids, which comprises: a nozzle having a confined, axial passageway, an inlet at one end of such passageway for admission of said feed stream of hydrocarbonaceous material, and a discharge orifice at the other end of such passageway for discharge of said hydrocarbonaceous material into said coking zone, means defining an annular passageway immediately surrounding said passageway posteriorly of said orifice and having an inlet for admitting a gaseous temperature regulating material for maintaining the stream of hydrocarbonaceous material passing through said passageway at a temperature sufficiently lower than the temperature in said coking zone to prevent coking of the feed in said passageway and clogging thereof, a plurality of gas jetting means terminating in a plurality of ports spaced apart on the periphery of said discharge orifice and equidistant from the axis of said passageway, said gas jetting means being in confined and fluid communication with said annular passageway for jetting of said gaseous temperature-regulating material through said ports into said coking zone onto said hydrocarbonaceous material as such hydrocarbonaceous material discharges from said orifice into said coking zone, to atomize such hydrocarbonaceous material without plugging of said ports, an apertured shield immediately surrounding said spaced-apart ports and peripherally protecting said ports and said orifice from solids in said coking zone as said gaseous temperature regulating means and said hydrocarbonaceous material pass into said coking zone through the aperture thereof, and a plurality of gas conduits having inlets for admitting gaseous material thereinto and terminating in a plurality of outlets spaced apart about the periphery of said shield for streaming said gaseous material along the exterior of said shield to wipe said shield free of solids from said coking zone.

Claim 3

The nozzle of claim 3 in which said ports of said gas jetting means are axially oriented to the axis of said axial passageway at an angle within the range from about 0* to about 90* .

Claim 4

The nozzle of claim 3 in which said ports of said gas jetting means are inclined to said discharge orifice at an angle within the range from about 30* to about 75* .

Claim 5

A self-cleaning feed nozzle for plug-free spray feeding a mist of hydrocarbonaceous material into a fluid coking zone for coking on hot, finely divided solids, which comprises: a tube with an axial bore having an inlet at one extremity of the tube for admitting said feed stream of hydrocarbonaceous material and an outlet at the other extremity of the tube for discharge of the hydrocarbonaceous material, said tube tapering at the outlet end thereof to an angle within the range from about 30* to about 75* to define the frustum of a cone having a base diameter equal to the diameter of the tube and a top diameter equal to the diameter of the bore of the tube, said top comprising a rim, the external surface of said frustum having a plurality of grooves extending from the basE of the frustum to spaced-apart positions about said rim, a tubular frustoconical cap to shield the tapered extremity of said tube from solids in said coking zone, said cap having an internal surface with the same taper as the taper of said frustum of said tube and an external surface with a greater angle of taper than the taper of such frustum, said cap coaxially matingly fitting over said frustum of said tube so that said internal surface of said cap over said grooves in said frustum defines a plurality of confined channels having inlets at the base of the frustum and outlet ports spaced apart about the rim of the frustum, a sleeve surrounding said tube and attached at one end to the base of said frustoconical cap between the inner and outer surfaces thereof and defining between said tube and said sleeve an annular passageway terminating at the base of said frustum of said tube in fluid communication, through said confined channels, with said spaced outlet ports, said sleeve having at its other end inlet means for admitting a gaseous temperature-regulating material into said annular passageway for maintaining the stream of hydrocarbonaceous material fed through said axial bore at a temperature lower than the temperature in said coking zone whereby coking of said hydrocarbonaceous material in said bore and clogging of said bore is prevented, said gaseous temperature regulating material thence issuing in separate jets from said spaced outlet ports about said rim onto said hydrocarbonaceous material as it discharges into said coking zone to effect misting of said hydrocarbonaceous material in said coking zone, and a plurality of confined shroud gas conduits fluidly separated from said annular passageway and having inlets for admitting gaseous materials and axial outlets spaced apart around the periphery of said external surface of said cap and axially aligned at the same angle of taper as the external surface of said cap for streaming said gaseous material along said external surface to wipe such surface free of solids from said coking zone.

Claim 6

The nozzle of claim 6 in which said spaced outlet ports of said confined channels are tangentially disposed to said rim for tangential jetting of said gaseous temperature regulating material onto said hydrocarbonaceous material as it discharges from the outlet in the tapered extremity of the tube so as to shearingly whirl the stream of hydrocarbonaceous material about the axis of the tube to produce the mist in said coking zone.

Claim 7

The nozzle of claim 7 in which said spaced outlet ports are axially oriented to the axis of said tube at an angle within the range from about 0* to about 90* .

Claim 8

The nozzle of claim 8 in which the angle of taper of said tube is within the range from about 45* to about 60* .

Claim 9

The nozzle of claim 9 in which said angle of taper of said tube is 30* and wherein said ports are axially oriented at a 45* angle to the axis of said tube.

Claim 10

A process for spray feeding hydrocarbonaceous material into a coking zone containing a fluidized bed of hot, finely divided solids from a spray nozzle without clogging of the nozzle, which comprises: passing the feed stream along an axis through a temperature-regulating zone adjacent said coking zone, and thence along said axis directly through an entrance into said coking zone, regulating the temperature of said feed in said temperature regulating zone with a gaseous temperature-regulating material maintained at a temperature lower than the temperature in said coking zone so as to prevent coking of the feed in its passage to said coking zone, and flowing said gaseous temperature regulating material from said temperature-regulating zone and jetting said gaseous temperature-regulating material in a plurality of separate jets circumferentially convergent upon said feed stream as said feed stream enters said coking zone to atomize said feed stream into a mist in said cokinG zone.

Claim 11

The process of claim 11 in which said streams of gaseous temperature regulating material are tangentially jetted onto said stream of hydrocarbonaceous material so as to shearingly whirl the stream of hydrocarbonaceous material about the axis of said feed stream to produce said mist in said cooling zone.

Claim 12

The process of claim 12 in which said separate gaseous streams are jetted onto said feed stream at a velocity ratio, relative to the velocity of said feed stream, within the range from about 2 to about 4 and a gas-to-oil specific volume ratio relative to said feed stream within the range from about 1 to about 5.

Claim 13

Apparatus for spray feeding a mist of hydrocarbonaceous material into a fluid coking zone for coking on hot, finely divided fluidized solids, which comprises: a nozzle having a confined passageway of constant diameter, an inlet at one end of such passageway for admission of a stream of hydrocarbonaceous material, a discharge orifice at the other end of such passageway for discharge of said hydrocarbonaceous material into said coking zone, means immediately surrounding said passageway for maintaining the temperature of said passageway sufficiently lower than the temperature in said coking zone to prevent coking of feed passing through said passageway, and a plurality of gas jetting ports spaced apart on the periphery of said discharge orifice, equidistant from the center of said passageway, and in confined and fluid communication with means for supplying gaseous material to such ports, for jetting, effective to prevent plugging of said ports, a plurality of jets of gaseous material into said coking zone onto said hydrocarbonaceous material as such hydrocarbonaceous material discharges from said discharge orifice, so as to atomize such hydrocarbonaceous material in the coking zone, an apertured shielding means immediately surrounding said spaced-apart gas jetting for peripherally shielding said gas jetting means and said orifice from solids in said coking zone as said gaseous material and said hydrocarbonaceous material pass into said coking zone through the aperture thereof, and a plurality of spaced-apart shroud gas conduit means surrounding said apertured shielding means for streaming gaseous materials along the exterior of said shielding means to wipe said shielding means free of solids from said coking zone.