Patent US3612878A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3612878A
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Method and apparatus for measuring the radiant energy reflectance of materials
Assignee: Northrop Grumman Space and Mission Systems Corp
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Filing: 1968-11-15
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Granted: 1971-10-12
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Expires: 1988-11-15
Abstract
Abstract To provide a method and apparatus for measuring reflectances independent of the sample temperature, the sample is alternately irradiated by hot and cold radiation which is picked up by one or more detectors.
Inventors
- 👤 Keith E Nelson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 18:36
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N21/00; G01N21/17; G01N21/55
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. providing a hot source and a cold source of radiation; B. alternately exposing a sample of material to said hot and cold sources; C. detecting the radiation reflected by said material alternately from said hot and cold sources, and producing an AC signal corresponding thereto; D. comparing the AC signals and converting said AC signal to an output proportional to the reflectance of said material.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. providing a hot source and a cold source of radiation; B. alternately exposing a sample of material to said hot and cold sources; C. detecting the radiation reflected by said material alternately from said hot and cold sources, and producing an AC signal corresponding thereto; D. comparing the AC signals and converting said AC signal to an output proportional to the reflectance of said material.
Claim 3
Independent Claim
81 words
The method of measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. detecting the radiant energy reflected by the material from a relatively hot and cold source alternately, and providing an AC signal therefrom; B. detecting the radiant energy emitted by the hot and cold sources alternately, and providing an AC signal therefrom; C. comparing the AC signals from the detected energy reflected by the material and emitted by the sources and providing an output therefrom proportional to the reflectance of the material.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
81 words
The method of measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. detecting the radiant energy reflected by the material from a relatively hot and cold source alternately, and providing an AC signal therefrom; B. detecting the radiant energy emitted by the hot and cold sources alternately, and providing an AC signal therefrom; C. comparing the AC signals from the detected energy reflected by the material and emitted by the sources and providing an output therefrom proportional to the reflectance of the material.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
81 words
The method of measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. detecting the radiant energy reflected by the material alternately, from a relatively hot and cold cavity and providing an AC signal therefrom; B. detecting the radiant energy emitted alternately by said hot and cold cavities, and providing an AC signal therefrom; C. comparing the AC signals from the detected energy reflected by the material and emitted by said cavities and providing an output therefrom proportional to the reflectance of the material.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
81 words
The method of measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. detecting the radiant energy reflected by the material alternately, from a relatively hot and cold cavity and providing an AC signal therefrom; B. detecting the radiant energy emitted alternately by said hot and cold cavities, and providing an AC signal therefrom; C. comparing the AC signals from the detected energy reflected by the material and emitted by said cavities and providing an output therefrom proportional to the reflectance of the material.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
97 words
An instrument for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. a rotor having a hot cavity and a cold cavity; B. each of said cavities having a slot At one end thereof and a second slot at the opposite end thereof; C. a radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy reflected from a sample through both of said slots in alternate cavities sequentially; D. electrical means for converting the output of said detector into an output signal proportional to the reflectance of a material positioned adjacent one of said slots in said cavities during rotational movement thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
97 words
An instrument for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. a rotor having a hot cavity and a cold cavity; B. each of said cavities having a slot At one end thereof and a second slot at the opposite end thereof; C. a radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy reflected from a sample through both of said slots in alternate cavities sequentially; D. electrical means for converting the output of said detector into an output signal proportional to the reflectance of a material positioned adjacent one of said slots in said cavities during rotational movement thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
140 words
An instrument for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. a rotor having a hot cavity and a cold cavity; B. each of said cavities having a slot at one end thereof and a second slot at the opposite end thereof; C. a radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy reflected from a sample through both of said slots in alternate cavities sequentially; D. electrical means for converting the output of said detector into an output signal proportional to the reflectance of a material positioned adjacent one of said slots in said cavities during rotational movement thereof; E. said electrical means comprising an AC amplifier connected to said detector and a mechanical rectifier connected to said amplifier and driven at a speed corresponding to the speed of rotation of said cavities, and a DC voltmeter connected to said mechanical rectifier.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
140 words
An instrument for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. a rotor having a hot cavity and a cold cavity; B. each of said cavities having a slot at one end thereof and a second slot at the opposite end thereof; C. a radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy reflected from a sample through both of said slots in alternate cavities sequentially; D. electrical means for converting the output of said detector into an output signal proportional to the reflectance of a material positioned adjacent one of said slots in said cavities during rotational movement thereof; E. said electrical means comprising an AC amplifier connected to said detector and a mechanical rectifier connected to said amplifier and driven at a speed corresponding to the speed of rotation of said cavities, and a DC voltmeter connected to said mechanical rectifier.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
112 words
An instrument for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. a cylindrical rotor having a hot cavity and a cold cavity; B. each of said cavities having an arcuate slot at one end thereof and a second arcuate slot at the opposite end thereof; C. at least one radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy reflected from a sample through one of said arcuate slots and then through the opposite arcuate slot of each of said cavities sequentially; D. electrical means for converting the output of said detector into an output signal proportional to the reflectance of a material positioned adjacent said one arcuate slot in said cavities during rotational movement thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
112 words
An instrument for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. a cylindrical rotor having a hot cavity and a cold cavity; B. each of said cavities having an arcuate slot at one end thereof and a second arcuate slot at the opposite end thereof; C. at least one radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy reflected from a sample through one of said arcuate slots and then through the opposite arcuate slot of each of said cavities sequentially; D. electrical means for converting the output of said detector into an output signal proportional to the reflectance of a material positioned adjacent said one arcuate slot in said cavities during rotational movement thereof.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
155 words
An instrument for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. a cylindrical rotor having a hot cavity and a cold cavity; B. each of said cavities having an arcuate slot at one end thereof and a second arcuate slot at the opposite end thereof; C. at least one radiation detector positioned to receive radiation energy reflected from a sample through one of said arcuate slots and then through the opposite arcuate slot of each of said cavities sequentially; D. electrical means for converting the output of said detector into an output signal proportional to the reflectance of a material positioned adjacent said one arcuate slot in said cavities during rotational movement thereof; E. said electrical means comprising an AC amplifier connected to said detector and a mechanical rectifier connected to said amplifier and driven at a speed corresponding to the speed of rotation of said cavities, and a DC voltmeter connected to said mechanical rectifier.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
155 words
An instrument for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. a cylindrical rotor having a hot cavity and a cold cavity; B. each of said cavities having an arcuate slot at one end thereof and a second arcuate slot at the opposite end thereof; C. at least one radiation detector positioned to receive radiation energy reflected from a sample through one of said arcuate slots and then through the opposite arcuate slot of each of said cavities sequentially; D. electrical means for converting the output of said detector into an output signal proportional to the reflectance of a material positioned adjacent said one arcuate slot in said cavities during rotational movement thereof; E. said electrical means comprising an AC amplifier connected to said detector and a mechanical rectifier connected to said amplifier and driven at a speed corresponding to the speed of rotation of said cavities, and a DC voltmeter connected to said mechanical rectifier.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
131 words
An instrument for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. a rotor having a hot cavity and a cold cavity; B. each of said cavities having a slot at one end thereof and a second slot at the opposite end thereof; C. one radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy reflected from a sample through one of said slots and then through the opposite slot of each of said cavities sequentially; D. a second radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy emitted from the walls of said cavities through said opposite slots of each of said cavities sequentially; E. electrical means for converting the output of said detectors into an output signal proportional to the reflectance of a material positioned adjacent said one slot in said cavities during rotational movement thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
131 words
An instrument for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. a rotor having a hot cavity and a cold cavity; B. each of said cavities having a slot at one end thereof and a second slot at the opposite end thereof; C. one radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy reflected from a sample through one of said slots and then through the opposite slot of each of said cavities sequentially; D. a second radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy emitted from the walls of said cavities through said opposite slots of each of said cavities sequentially; E. electrical means for converting the output of said detectors into an output signal proportional to the reflectance of a material positioned adjacent said one slot in said cavities during rotational movement thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
138 words
An instrument for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. a cylindRical rotor having a hot cavity and a cold cavity; B. each of said cavities having an arcuate slot at one end thereof and a second arcuate slot at the opposite end thereof; C. one radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy reflected from a sample through one of said arcuate slots and then through the opposite arcuate slot of each of said cavities sequentially; D. a second radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy emitted from the walls of said cavities through said opposite arcuate slots of each of said cavities sequentially; E. electrical means for converting the output of said detectors into an output signal proportional to the reflectance of a material positioned adjacent said one arcuate slot in said cavities during rotational movement thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
138 words
An instrument for measuring the reflectance of materials comprising: A. a cylindRical rotor having a hot cavity and a cold cavity; B. each of said cavities having an arcuate slot at one end thereof and a second arcuate slot at the opposite end thereof; C. one radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy reflected from a sample through one of said arcuate slots and then through the opposite arcuate slot of each of said cavities sequentially; D. a second radiation detector positioned to receive radiant energy emitted from the walls of said cavities through said opposite arcuate slots of each of said cavities sequentially; E. electrical means for converting the output of said detectors into an output signal proportional to the reflectance of a material positioned adjacent said one arcuate slot in said cavities during rotational movement thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
141 words
Means for sequentially irradiating a sample with relatively hot and cold radiation, said means including first and second cavities each having at least one radiation transparent aperture therein, said first cavity including means for heating it to an elevated temperature with respect to said second cavity, means for alternately exposing said sample to radiation passing through said cavity apertures, detector means fore receiving radiant energy from said sample and said cavities in a timed relation with said means for alternately exposing said sample, said timed relation being such that said detector means receives radiation from the sample while the sample is being exposed to radiation from one of said cavities, and for providing electrical signals in response thereto, and means coupled to said detector means for coupling said signals and for providing an output proportional to the reflectance of said sample.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
141 words
Means for sequentially irradiating a sample with relatively hot and cold radiation, said means including first and second cavities each having at least one radiation transparent aperture therein, said first cavity including means for heating it to an elevated temperature with respect to said second cavity, means for alternately exposing said sample to radiation passing through said cavity apertures, detector means fore receiving radiant energy from said sample and said cavities in a timed relation with said means for alternately exposing said sample, said timed relation being such that said detector means receives radiation from the sample while the sample is being exposed to radiation from one of said cavities, and for providing electrical signals in response thereto, and means coupled to said detector means for coupling said signals and for providing an output proportional to the reflectance of said sample.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1974-10-11 | 1975-04-12 | 1975-10-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1978-10-11 | 1979-04-12 | 1979-10-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1982-10-11 | 1983-04-12 | 1983-10-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |