Patent US3137397A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US3608529A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3608529A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Air-pollution-free automobile and method of operating same
Assignee: Combustion Power Co Inc
•
Filing: 1969-05-01
•
Granted: 1971-09-28
•
Expires: 1989-05-01
Abstract
Abstract An air-pollution-free internal combustion engine and method for operating such engine in which the engine has at least one cylinder, an exhaust port and exhaust valve, fuel, oxygen gas and water spray injectors and a piston in the cylinder, throttle valves for the injectors, a fuel storage and supply system for feeding hydrogen gas or liquid gasoline to the fuel injector, an oxygen storage and supply system for feeding oxygen at first and second pressures to the oxygen gas injector and a water recovery system for recovering water from the exhaust discharged from the cylinder and for feeding the recovered water to the water spray injector.
Inventors
- 👤 Richard D Smith
- 👤 Dale A Furlong
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 19:31
CPC Classifications
F; F02; F02B; F02B47/00; F02B1/00; F02B1/02; F02B1/04; Y; Y02; Y02T; Y02T10/00; Y02T10/10; Y02T10/12; Y10; Y10S; Y10S123/00; Y10S123/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 66
Claim 1
Independent Claim
6 words
An air-pollution-free internal combustion engine comprising:
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
6 words
a piston reciprocating in said cylinder;
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
6 words
a piston reciprocating in said cylinder;
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
6 words
a piston reciprocating in said cylinder;
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
6 words
an exhaust port in said cylinder;
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
6 words
an exhaust port in said cylinder;
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
36 words
An engine, as recited in claim 2, in which said means for recovering water from said exhaust gas comprises a condenser, said condenser including coils and means for circulating coolant from said engine through said coils.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
6 words
an exhaust port in said cylinder;
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
6 words
an exhaust valve in said port;
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
45 words
An engine, as recited in claim 3, in which said means for recovering water from said exhaust gas comprises a desuperheater, means for spraying water in said desuperheater and means for delivering water discharged from said condenser to said water spray means in said desuperheater.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
6 words
an exhaust valve in said port;
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
6 words
an exhaust valve in said port;
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
a fuel injector, oxygen injector, and water spray injector in said cylinder;
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
6 words
a fuel injector in said cylinder;
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
79 words
An engine, as recited in claim 4, in which said means for recovering water from said exhaust gas comprises a reservoir, means for discharging exhaust and condensate, including water sprayed into said desuperheater, from said desuperheater into said condenser, means for discharging exhaust and condensate, including sprayed water, from said condenser into said reservoir and means for feeding water from said reservoir to said water spray means in said desuperheater and to said water spray injector in said cylinder.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
6 words
a fuel injector in said cylinder;
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
an oxygen injector in said cylinder for injecting substantially pure oxygen gas as the sole combustion oxidant;
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
95 words
An engine, as recited in claim 2, in which said oxygen storage means includes a first set of interconnected oxygen storage tanks, a second set of interconnected oxygen storage tanks, means for feeding oxygen from said first set of storage tanks to said oxygen injector, means for metering said oxygen fed from said first set of storage tanks to said oxygen injector, means for feeding oxygen from said second set of storage tanks to said oxygen injector and means for metering said oxygen fed from said second set of storage tanks to said oxygen injector.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
an oxygen injector in said cylinder for injecting substantially pure oxygen gas as the sole combustion oxidant;
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
15 words
means for supplying metered amounts of fuel, oxygen and water to their respective said injectors;
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
11 words
means for injecting said fuel oxygen and water into said cylinder;
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
7 words
a water spray injector in said cylinder;
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
95 words
An engine, as recited in claim 1, in which said oxygen storage means comprises a first set of interconnected oxygen storage tanks, a second set of interconnected oxygen storage tanks, means for feeding oxygen from said first set of storage tanks to said oxygen injector, means for metering said oxygen fed from said first set of storage tanks to said oxygen injector, means for feeding oxygen from said second set of storage tanks to said oxygen injector and means for metering said oxygen fed from said second set of storage tanks to said oxygen injector.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
7 words
a water spray injector in said cylinder;
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
3 words
fuel storage means;
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
63 words
An engine, as recited in claim 7, in which said oxygen storage means comprises means for feeding oxygen from said first set of storage tanks to said means for feeding oxygen from said second set of storage tanks and means for feeding oxygen from said second set of storage tanks to said means for feeding oxygen from said first set of storage tanks.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
means for supplying a metered amount of fuel to said fuel injector;
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
14 words
means for cyclically opening and closing the exhaust valve in said exhaust port, and
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
133 words
means for igniting the injected mixture of fuel and oxygen to produce combustion, which comprises: a. closing said exhaust port with said exhaust valve as said piston reciprocates towards said exhaust port and said fuel, oxygen, and water spray injectors; b. injecting into said cylinder a metered amount of fuel and substantially pure oxygen gas as the sole combustion oxidant while said exhaust port is closed; c. combusting said fuel and oxygen gas in said cylinder; d. opening said exhaust valve after said fuel and oxygen gas are combusted and discharging the exhaust products of combustion from said cylinder, and e. spraying the cylinder, piston, and exhaust products of combustion with a metered amount of water during the exhaust stroke, and without causing substantial cooling of the hot gas during combustion and expansion.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
27 words
means for supplying substantially pure oxygen to said oxygen inlet injector in a metered amount at least sufficient for complete combustion of said metered amount of fuel;
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
15 words
An engine, as recited in claim 2, in which said fuel is a liquid hydrocarbon.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
3 words
oxygen storage means;
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
17 words
means for feeding fuel from said fuel storage means to said fuel injector in a metered amount;
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
13 words
An engine, as recited in claim 8, in which said fuel is gasoline.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
28 words
means for supplying water to said water spray injector in a metered amount sufficient to cool the piston cylinder wall, and exhaust gas by vaporization of the water;
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
13 words
means for cyclically opening and closing the exhaust valve in said exhaust port;
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
14 words
An engine, as recited in claim 2, in which said fuel is hydrogen gas.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
29 words
means for feeding oxygen from said oxygen storage means to said oxygen injector in a metered amount at least sufficient for complete combustion of said metered amount of fuel;
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
41 words
means connected to said exhaust port for recovering water from the exhaust gas of the combustion of said fuel and oxygen in said cylinder, said exhaust gas discharged from said cylinder through said exhaust port to said means for recovering water;
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
14 words
An engine, as recited in claim 8, in which said fuel is hydrogen gas.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
11 words
means for injecting said metered amounts of oxygen into said cylinder;
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
11 words
means for injecting said metered amounts of fuel into said cylinder;
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
56 words
An engine, as recited in claim 11, in which said hydrogen gas fuel storage means comprises a set of interconnected storage tanks, means for supplying hydrogen gas from said storage tanks to said fuel injector, said means for supplying said hydrogen gas including means for regulating the flow of said hydrogen gas through said supplying means.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
40 words
means for supplying the water recovered from said exhaust gas by said means for recovering water to said water spray injector in a metered amount sufficient to cool the piston, cylinder wall and exhaust gas by vaporization of the water;
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
11 words
means for injecting said meTered amounts of fuel into said cylinder;
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
56 words
An engine, as recited in claim 12, in which said hydrogen gas fuel storage means comprises a set of interconnected storage tanks, means for supplying hydrogen gas from said storage tanks to said fuel injector, said means for supplying said hydrogen gas including means for regulaTing the flow of said hydrogen gas through said supplying means.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
14 words
means for igniting the injected mixture of fuel and oxygen to produce combustion; and
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
36 words
means of injecting said metered amounts of water into said cylinder during the exhaust stroke to cool the piston, cylinder wall and exhaust gas, without causing substantial cooling of the hot gas during combustion and expansion.
Claim 49
Independent Claim
9 words
A method for operating an internal combustion engine having:
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
11 words
means for injecting said metered amounts of oxygen into said cylinder;
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
39 words
means for injecting said metered amounts of water into said cylinder during the exhaust stroke to cool the piston, cylinder wall and exhaust gas without causing substantial cooling of the hot gas during combustion and expansion of the gas;
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method as recited in claim 15 in which the water from the exhaust discharge from said cylinder through the open exhaust valve is recovered from said exhaust and fed into said cylinder through said water spray injector to cool said cylinder and piston.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method as recited in claim 16 in which a portion of the water recovered from said exhaust is sprayed into said exhaust for cooling said exhaust.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
14 words
means for igniting the injected mixture of fuel and oxygen to produce combustion; and
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
13 words
means for cyclically opening and closing the exhaust valve in said exhaust port.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
60 words
A method as recited in claim 15 in which a first metered amount of oxygen gas is injected into said cylinder with said fuel and combusted and, while said first metered amount of oxygen gas and said fuel is being combusted, a second metered amount of oxygen gas is injected into said cylinder and combusted with fuel in said cylinder.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method as recited in claim 17 in which said fuel is hydrogen gas.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method as recited in claim 17 in which said fuel is liquid gasoline.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
60 words
A method as recited in claim 19 in which a first metered amount of oxygen gas is injected into said cylinder with said fuel and combusted and, while said first metered amount of oxygen gas and said fuel is being combusted, a second metered amount of oxygen gas is injected into said cylinder and combusted with fuel in said cylinder.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
60 words
A method as recited in claim 20 in which a first metered amount of oxygen gas is injected into said cylinder with said fuel and combusted and, while said first metered amount of oxygen gas and said fuel is being combusted, a second metered amount of oxygen gas is injected into said cylinder and combusted with fuel in said cylinder.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
14 words
An engine as recited in claim 1 wherein said fuel is a liquid hydrocarbon.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
12 words
An engine as recited in claim 1, wherein said fuel is gasoline.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
12 words
An engine as recited in claim 1, wherein said fuel is hydrogen.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
101 words
An engine as recited in claim 1, wherein said means for igniting the injected mixture is a spark plug and further including: i. means for closing the exhaust valve prior to the completion of the exhaust stroke to entrain a limited amount of cooled exhaust gas in the cylinder as working fluid; ii. means for injecting metered amounts of fuel into the cylinder after closing of the exhaust valve and prior to top dead center while low pressures exist in the cylinder; and iii. means of injecting metered amounts of high pressure oxygen into the cylinder after combustion has been initiated.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
101 words
An engine, as recitEd in claim 2 wherein said means for igniting the injected mixture is a spark plug, and further including: i. means for closing the exhaust valve prior to the completion of the exhaust stroke to entrain a limited amount of cooled exhaust gas in the cylinder as working fluid; ii. means for injecting metered amounts of fuel into the cylinder after closing of the exhaust valve and prior to top dead center while low pressures exist in the cylinder; and iii. means for injecting metered amounts of high pressure oxygen into the cylinder after combustion has been initiated.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method of operation as recited in claim 15 in which said fuel is a liquid hydrocarbon.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1974-09-27 | 1975-03-29 | 1975-09-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1978-09-27 | 1979-03-29 | 1979-09-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1982-09-27 | 1983-03-29 | 1983-09-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |