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US3578164A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Water softening control

Assignee: Trane US Inc
•
Filing: 1968-05-14
•
Granted: 1971-05-11
•
Expires: 1988-05-14
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Abstract

Abstract In a water-treating apparatus comprising in combination cationexchange means for removing divalent cations from water to be treated and substituting for the divalent cations, cations selected from the group consisting of hydrogen ions and sodium ions, anion-exchange means for removing divalent anions from the water and substituting for the anions, anions selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl ions and chloride ions, sensing means consisting of a contractile fiber having a length dependent on the concentration of calcium ions in the water and located in the apparatus in the flow stream of the water at a point downstream of at least a portion of the cation-exchange means, the sensing means being sensitive to the concentration of calcium ions in the water, means for regenerating the cation-exchange means and the anion-exchange means, and means responsive to the sensing means for activating the regenerating means in response to a predetermined level of calcium ion concentration in the water, the improvement in the water-treating apparatus comprising as the sensing means a water insoluble contractile fiber composed of polymers containing nonhydrolyzable groups which groups are selected from the group consisting of carboxy, primary, secondary and tertiary amines and imine.

Inventors

  • 👤 Jonas Weiss
  • 👤 William Hodes

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-08 01:50
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J49/00; B01J49/80; B01J49/85

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 3
Claim 1
Independent Claim 73 words
A water-treating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said cation-exchange means is effective to substitute hydrogen ions for divalent cations contained in said water, said anion-exchange is effective to substitute hydroxyl ions for divalent anions contained in said water, and said means for regenerating said exchange means is effective to circulate an aqueous solution of mineral acid through said cation-exchange means and an aqueous solution of a mineral alkali through said anion-exchange means.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 66 words
A water-treating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said cation-exchange means is effective to substitute sodium ions for divalent cations contained in said water, said anion-exchange means is effective to substitute chloride ions for divalent anions contained in said water, and said means for regenerating said exchange means is effective to circulate an aqueous solution of sodium chloride through said cation-exchange means and said anion-exchange means.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 29 words
Apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said means for activating said regenerating means comprises a switch actuated in response to a change in the length of said contractile fiber.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3062379A Cited
US3250392A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1974-05-10 1974-11-09 1975-05-11 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1978-05-10 1978-11-09 1979-05-11 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1982-05-10 1982-11-09 1983-05-11 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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