Parametric amplification systems utilizing low pump frequencies with circulator and up-converter isolation

Claim 1

A LOW NOISE PARAMETRIC AMPLIFICATION SYSTEM, FOR PROCESSING INPUT SIGNAL PRIOR TO FINAL UTILIZATION, COMPRISING: PARAMETRIC DOWN-CONVERTER MEANS, OPERATING WITH A PUMP FREQUENCY FP1, FOR CONVERTING INPUT SIGNALS OF FREQUENCY F2 TO SIGNALS OF A LOWER FREQUENCY F1, WHERE FP1=F2+F1; A SIGNAL UTILIZATION LOAD HAVING AN INPUT PORT WHICH COUPLES BACK NOISE; NONRECIPROCAL COUPLING MEANS CONNECTED TO SAID DOWNCONVERTER MEANS FOR COUPLING SAID SIGNAL OF FREQUENCY F1 TO SAID INPUT PORT OF SAID LOAD AND FOR COUPLING NOISE FROM SAID INPUT PORT TO A SEPARATE OUTPUT PORT; PARAMETRIC UPPER-SIDEBAND UP-CONVERTER MEANS COUPLED TO SAID SEPARATE OUTPUT PORT AND OPERATING WITH A PUMP FREQUENCY FP2 FOR CONVERTING NOISE SIGNALS OF FREQUENCY F1 TO SIGNALS OF FREQUENCY F3, WHERE F3=FP2+F1; AND DISSIPATION MEANS COUPLED TO SAID UP-CONVERTER MEANS FOR RESISTIVELY DISSIPATING SAID SIGNALS OF FREQUENCY F3 WITHOUT FURTHER UTILIZATION; WHEREBY NOISE SIGNALS COUPLED BACK FROM SAID INPUT PORT OF SAID LOAD ARE PREVENTED FROM BEING REFLECTED WITH AMPLIFICATION BY SAID DOWN-CONVERTER MEANS AND COUPLED TO SAID LOAD, SAID NOISE SIGNALS BEING INSTEAD UP-CONVERTED TO FREQUENCY F3 AND DISSIPATED IN SAID DISSIPATION MEANS.