Phase modulation networks using variable capacity diodes

Claim 1

A HIGH-FREQUENCY PHASE MODULATOR COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE FOUR-TERMINAL NETWORK INCLUDING FIRST AND SECOND TERMINAL PAIRS, A SERIES BRANCH BETWEEN A FIRST TERMINAL OF SAID FIRST PAIR AND A FIRST TERMINAL OF SAID SECOND PAIR; A UNIT TURN RATIO PHASE-REVERSING TRANSFORMER HAVING A FIRST WINDING CONNECTED ACROSS THE TERMINALS OF SAID SECOND PAIR AND HAVING ONE END OF A SECOND WINDING CONNECTED TO THE SECOND TERMINAL OF SAID FIRST PAIR, A CIRCUIT CONNECTING THE OTHER END OF SAID SECOND WINDING TO SAID FIRST TERMINAL OF SAID FIRST PAIR, SAID CIRCUIT HAVING AS ITS INPUT TERMINALS THOSE OF AN AUXILIARY REACTIVE 90-DEGREE PHASE-SHIFTING FOUR-TERMINAL NETWORK THE OUTPUT TERMINALS OF WHICH ARE CLOSED ON A FURTHER CIRCUIT BRANCH SUBSTANTIALLY IDENTICAL WITH SAID SERIES BRANCH, SAID SERIES AND FURTHER BRANCHES EACH CONSISTING OF AN INDUCTOR IN SERIES CONNECTION WITH A VARIABLE CAPACITY SEMICONDUCTOR DIODE, AND A DIRECT CONNECTION BETWEEN SAID SECOND TERMINAL OF SAID FIRST PAIR AND SAID SECOND TERMINAL OF SAID SECOND PAIR; MEANS FOR APPLYING A CARRIER-CURRENT HIGH FREQUENCY VOLTAGE ACROSS ONE OF SAID TERMINAL PAIRS OF MEANS FOR APPLYING A MODULATING SIGNAL VOLTAGE IN SERIES WITH A D.C. BIAS VOLTAGE ACROSS BOTH SAID DIODES, AND MEANS FOR RECEIVING A PHASE-MODULATED HIGH-FREQUENCY VOLTAGE AT THE OTHER OF SAID TERMINAL PAIRS; SAID TRANSFORMER HAVING AS A COMMON POINT TO ITS FIRST AND SECOND WINDINGS SAID SECOND TERMINAL OF SAID FIRST TERMINAL PAIR AND SAID WINDING S BEING WOUND IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS FROM SAID COMMON POINT.