Hydrodynamic torque converter

Claim 1

A HYDRODYNAMIC TORQUE CONVERTER, ESPECIALLY FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF TORQUE IN MOTOR VEHICLES FROM AN INPUT MEMBER TO AN OUTPUT MEMBER, COMPRISING BLADED PUMP WHEEL MEANS CONNECTED TO SAID INPUT MEMBER, BLADED TURBINE WHEEL MEANS CONNECTED TO SAID OUTPUT MEMBER AND BLADED REACTION MEANS, ALL THREE OF SAID MEANS HAVING OUTER AND INNER SHELL MEANS FORMING A FIRST TOROIDAL FLUID CIRCUIT, A SECOND TOROIDAL FLUID CIRCUIT DISPOSED WITHIN THE CORE OF THE TORUS OF SAID FIRST TOROIDAL FLUID CIRCUIT FORMED BY SAID PUMP AND TURBINE INNER SHELL MEANS, SAID SECOND TOROIDAL FLUID CIRCUIT COMPRISING BLADE MEANS INCLUDING FIRST BLADES CARRIED BY THE INNER SHELL MEANS OF SAID PUMP WHEEL MEANS AND COOPERATING WITH SECOND BLADES CARRIED BY THE INNER SHELL MEANS OF SAID TURBINE WHEEL MEANS, SAID FIRST BLADES AND SAID SECOND BLADES BEING SO CONSTRUCTED THAT THEY ARE OPERABLE FOR BRAKING PURPOSES, SAID FIRST BLADES AND SAID SECOND BLADES BEING CONSTRUCTED AS RADIAL BLADES HAVING FREE ADJACENT ENDS DISPOSED IN A RADIAL PLANE, SAID FIRST BLADES BEING PITCHED BACKWARD IN THE SENSE THAT THEIR FREE ENDS LAG THEIR BASE ENDS, SAID SECOND BLADES BEING PITCHED FORWARD TO A LIKE DEGREE IN THE SENSE THAT THEIR SAID FREE ENDS PRECEDE THEIR BASE ENDS WITH RESPECT TO NORMAL ROTATION FOR SAID PUMP WHEEL MEANS AND SAID TURBINE WHEEL MEANS, WHEREBY SAID FIRST BLADES AND SAID SECOND BLADES TRANSMIT MINIMUM TORQUE WHEN SAID PUMP WHEEL MEANS OVERRUNS SAID TURBINE WHEEL MEANS, AND SAID FIRST BLADES AND SAID SECOND BLADES TRANSMIT MAXIMUM TORQUE WHEN SAID TURBINE WHEEL MEANS OVERRUNS SAID PUMP WHEEL MEANS, THE TORQUE INPUT CAPACITY OF SAID BLADE MEANS IN COOPERATION WITH SAID TURBINE WHEEL MEANS BEING LARGER THAN THE TORQUE INPUT CAPACITY OF SAID BLADE MEANS IN COOPERATION WITH SAID PUMP WHEEL MEANS.