Clay catalyst and method of preparation thereof

Claim 1

AN ACIDIC CLAY CATALYST OF THE SILICA-ALUMINA TYPE HAVING ACTIVITY IN THE ALKYLATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND IN THE CONVERSION OF HYDROCARBON OILS OBTAINED BY TREATING 100 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF A RAW CLAY OF THE SILICAALUMINA TYPE IN THE PRESENCE OF 100 TO 500 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF AN INERT ORGANIC COMPOUND FREE FROM BASIC SUBSITUTENTS AS A DILUENT AND SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF ALKYL AND CYCLOALKYL HYDROCARBONS OF FROM 3 TO 22 CARBON ATOMS, HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS OF FROM 1 TO 16 CARBON ATOMS, ALKYL MONOHYDROXY ALCOHOLS OF FROM 1 TO 22 CARBON ATOMS, CARBOCYCLIC MONOHYDROXY ALCOHOLS OF THE BENZENE SERIES OF FROM 7 TO 19 CARBON ATOMS, CARBOCYCLIC HYDROCARBONS OF THE BENZENE SERIES OF FROM 6 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS, ALKYL KETONES OF FROM 2 TO 11 CARBON ATOMS AND CARBOCYCLIC KETONES OF THE BENZENE SERIES OF FROM 8 TO 14 CARBON ATOMS, ALKYL ETHERS OF FROM 3 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS AND CARBOCYCLIC ETHERS OF THE BENZENE SERIES OF FROM 8 TO 14 CARBON ATOMS, ALKYL ALDEHYDES OF FROM 1 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS AND CARBOCYCLIC ALDEHYDES OF THE BENZENE SERIES OF FROM 8 TO 14 CARBON ATOMS, MONOCARBOXYLIC FATTY ACIDS OF FROM 1 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS, ALKYL ESTERS OF ALKYL MONOHYDROXY ALCOHOLS OF FROM 1 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS, AND MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS OF FROM 1 TO 11 CARBON ATOMS, AND ESTERS OF CARBOCYCLIC MONHYDROXY ALCOHOLS OF THE BENZENE SERIES OF FROM 6 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS AND MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS OF FROM 1 TO 16 CARBON ATOMS, AND IN THE PRESENCE OF 4-20 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF AN ACID SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF MINERAL ACID, POLYHALOACETIC, BENZENESULFONIC, AND XYLENE DISULFONIC ACID AT A TEMPERATURE RANGING FROM AMBIENT TO 130*C. FOR A PERIOD OF TIME RANGING FROM ONE-HALF TO 10 HOURS, FILTERING THE TREATED CLAY, RECOVERING THE FILTER CAKE AND DRYING THE SAME AT A TEMPERATURE RANGING FROM ROOM TEMPERATURE TO 90*C., SAID CATALYST CHARACTERIZED BY A BASAL SPACING AT 10**-8 CM. OF 12.00 TO 12.80 AND A SHARP SHAPE OF DIFFRACTION MAXIMUM AS DETERMINED BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS WITH A PHILIPS X-RAY DIFFRACTOMETER EMPLOYING NICKEL FILTERED COPPER X-RADIATION AT 40 KV. AND 35 MA.