Hydrocarbon conversion

Claim 1

A COMBINATION PROCESS FOR CRACKING NORMALLY GASEOUS HYDROCARBON MATERIALS AND HIGHER BOILING NORMALLY LIQUID HYDROCARBON MATERIALS, COMPRISING GRAVITATIONALLY PASSING A FLOWABLE CONTIGUOUS MASS OF SOLID PARTICULATE MATERIAL THROUGH MASS OF SOLID PARTICULATE MATERIAL HEATING ZONE, A FIRST CRACKING ZONE POSITIONED BELOW SAID SOLIDS HEATING ZONE, AND A SECOND CRACKING ZONE POSITIONED BELOW SAID FIRST CRACKING ZONE; INTRODUCING A COMBUSTIBLE FUEL MIXTURE CONTAINING SUFFICIENT OXYGEN FOR UTILIZATION DESCRIBED HEREAFTER INTO SAID SOLIDS HEATING ZONE AND THEREIN BURINING SAID FUEL; PASSING HOT COMBUSTION GAS FORMED BY SAID BURNING IN COUNTERCURRENT FLOW AND HEAT EXCHANGE RELATION WITH THAT PORTIN OF SAID SOLIDS MASS IN SAID HEATING ZONE TO HEAT SAME TO A PREDETERMINED TEMPERAURE ABOVE A CRACKING TEMPERATURE TO BE UTILIZED IN SAID FIRST CRACKING ZONE; INTRODUCING A NORMALLY GASEOUS HYDROCARBON INTO SAID FIRST CRACKING ZONE AND THEREIN HEATING SAME TO SAID CRACKING TEMPERATURE TO FORM CRACKING PRODUCT IN COUNTERCURRENT FLOW AND HEAT EXCHANGE RELATION WITH A PORTION OF SAID SOLIDS MASS HEATED AS ABOVE DESCRIBED; INTRODUCING A HYDROCARBON OIL IN THE LIQUID PHASE INTO SAID SECOND CRACKING ZONE IN CONCURRENT FLOW RELATION THEREIN WITH A PORTION OF SAID SOLIDS MASS PREVIOUSLY UTILIZED IN SAID FIRST CRACKING ZONE; THE TEMPERATURE OF THE SOLIDS ENTERING SAID SECOND CRACKING ZONE BEING TOO LOW TO EFFECT SUBSTANTIAL CRACKING OF SAID OIL; WITHDRAWING HOT GASEOUS EFFLUENT FROM SAID FIRST CRACKING ZONE AND INTRODUCING SAME INTO SAID SECOND CRACKING ZONE IN COUNTERCURRENT FLOW AND HEAT EXCHANGE RELATION WITH SAID OIL AND SAID SOLIDS MASS THEREIN, WHEREBY OIL AND SOLIDS IN SAID SECOND CRACKING ZONE AND HEATED, AND OIL IS UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED THEREIN ON THE SURFACES OF SAID SOLIDS, AND GASEOUS CRACKING PRODUCT IN SAID EFFLUENT IS QUENCHED; THE TEMPERATURE OF THE RESULTING SOLIDS-GASEOUS EFFLUENT ADMISTURE IN SAID SECOND CRACKING ZONE BEING ABOVE THAT REQUIRED FOR CRACKING SAID OIL, WHEREBY SAD OIL ON THE SOLIDS SURFACES IS CRACKED AND RESULTING CARBONACEOUS BY-PRODUCT IS UNFORMLY DEPOSITED ON SAID CRACKING ZONE, AND PASSING SAME TO SAID SAID CARBONACEOUS BY-PRODUCT FROM SAID SECON CRACKING ZONE, AND PASSING SAME TO SAID SOLIDS HEATING ZONE; IN SAID SOLIDS HEATING ZONE BURNING SAID CARBONACDOUS BY-PRODUCT WITH OXYGEN INTRODUCED WITH SAID COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURE AS ABOVE DESCRIBED, WHEREBY SAID CARBONACEOUS BY-PRODUCT IS EFFICIENTLY UTILIZED AS FUEL TO PRODUCE HOT HEAT EXCHANGE GAS IN SAID HEATING ZONE AND SOLIDS ARE RECONDITIONED FR RECIRCULATION THROUGH SAID ZONES, AND RECOVERING EFFLUENTS OF CRACKING FROM SAID SECOND CRACKING ZONE.