Patent FR1237455A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US20030194491A1
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of preparing an anti-fouling coating
Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Filing: 2002-07-17
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2022-07-17
Abstract
Abstract A method of preparing an anti-fouling coating, the method including the steps of soaking polymeric gel beads in the presence of a solution including a solvent and a biocide to swell the gel beads and absorb both the solvent and the biocide therein, evaporating the solvent, rinsing any biocide of the surface of the beads, and mixing the beads in a coating material. APPLICATION FOR UNITED STATES LETTERS PATENT Be it known that we, Harris Gold, residing at 18 Peachtree Road, Lexington, Massachusetts 02420 and being a citizen of the United States of America; Rhonda D. Levy, residing at 53 Ash Street, Hopkinton, Mass. 01748 and being a citizen of the United States; Marina Temchenko, residing at 15 Sherwood Road, Swampscott, Mass. 01907 and being a citizen of the United States; Thomas H.E. Mendum residing at 102 Glenwood Road, No. 1, Somerville, Mass. 02145 and being a citizen of the United States; Toyoichi Tanaka, deceased; Takashi Enoki, residing at ______and being a citizen of Japan; and Guoquiang Wang, 63 Creeley Road, Belmont, Mass. 02478 and being a citizen of China have invented a certain new and useful
Inventors
- 👤 Harris Gold
- 👤 Rhonda Levy
- 👤 Marina Temchenko
- 👤 Thomas Mendum
- 👤 Toyoichi Tanaka
- 👤 Takashi Enoki
- 👤 Guoqiang Wang
- 👤 Tomoko Tanaka
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 09:18
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09D; C09D5/00; C09D5/16; C09D5/1606; A; A01; A01N; A01N25/00; A01N25/24
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 54
Claim 1
Independent Claim
61 words
1 . A method of preparing an anti-fouling coating, the method comprising: soaking polymeric gel beads in the presence of a solution including a solvent and a biocide to swell the beads and absorb both the solvent and the biocide therein; evaporating the solvent; rinsing any biocide of the surface of the beads; and mixing the beads in a coating material.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
61 words
1 . A method of preparing an anti-fouling coating, the method comprising: soaking polymeric gel beads in the presence of a solution including a solvent and a biocide to swell the beads and absorb both the solvent and the biocide therein; evaporating the solvent; rinsing any biocide of the surface of the beads; and mixing the beads in a coating material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
2 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the beads have a diameter of less than 200 μm.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
3 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the beads have a diameter of less than 50 μm.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
4 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the polymeric gel beads are made of polystyrene.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
5 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the polystyrene beads are crosslinked with divinylbenzene.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
6 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the solvent dissolves the biocide and swells the gel beads.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
7 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 6 in which the solvent is chosen from the group consisting of xylene, acetone, benzene, toluene, chloroform, dichloroform, dichloromethane and tetrahydrofuran.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
8 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 7 in which the biocide is a 30 percent solution of 4,5-dichloro-2-N-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in xylene.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
9 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 7 in which the biocide is SEA-NINE™ 211.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
10 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 7 in which the biocide is IRGAROL® 1051.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
11 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the biocide is copper.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
12 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the biocide is a mixture of copper and SEA-NINE™ 211.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
13 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the biocide is a mixture of copper and IRGAROL® 1051.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
14 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which 20 percent or more of the biocide is encapsulated in the gel beads.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
15 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which 20 percent or more of SEA-NINE™ 211 is encapsulated in the gel beads.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
31 words
16 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the gel beads are chosen such that they remain collapsed when exposed to seawater or paint formulations.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
36 words
17 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the release rate of the biocide from the gel beads mixed in the protective coating is less than 10 μg/cm 2 /day.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
46 words
18 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the release rate of a chosen biocide from the gel beads mixed in the protective coating is sufficient to inhibit the attachment of fouling organisms to the surface of a marine vessel.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
30 words
19 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the effective lifetime of the anti-fouling coating is in the range of 5 to 7 years.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
20 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the coating is paint.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
26 words
21 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the anti-fouling coating is applied to the hull of a sea vessel.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
35 words
22 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 1 in which the coating is applied to floating platforms, seawater piping systems, and other fixed structures located near the surface of the sea.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
52 words
23 . A method of preparing an anti-fouling coating, the method comprising: soaking polymeric gel beads in the presence of a solution including a solvent and a biocide to swell the beads and absorb both the solvent and the biocide therein; evaporating the solvent; and mixing the beads in a protective coating.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
52 words
23 . A method of preparing an anti-fouling coating, the method comprising: soaking polymeric gel beads in the presence of a solution including a solvent and a biocide to swell the beads and absorb both the solvent and the biocide therein; evaporating the solvent; and mixing the beads in a protective coating.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
70 words
24 . A method of preparing an anti-fouling coating, the method comprising: choosing polymeric gel beads which remain collapsed when exposed to seawater and paint formulations; soaking the polymeric beads in the presence of a solution including a solvent and a biocide to swell the beads and absorb both the solvent and the biocide therein; evaporating the solvent to collapse the beads; and mixing the beads in a coating material.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
70 words
24 . A method of preparing an anti-fouling coating, the method comprising: choosing polymeric gel beads which remain collapsed when exposed to seawater and paint formulations; soaking the polymeric beads in the presence of a solution including a solvent and a biocide to swell the beads and absorb both the solvent and the biocide therein; evaporating the solvent to collapse the beads; and mixing the beads in a coating material.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
27 words
25 . A method of preparing an anti-fouling coating, the method comprising: encapsulating a biocide in polymeric gel beads; and mixing the beads in a protective coating.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
27 words
25 . A method of preparing an anti-fouling coating, the method comprising: encapsulating a biocide in polymeric gel beads; and mixing the beads in a protective coating.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
18 words
26 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 25 in which the coating is paint.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
25 words
27 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 25 in which the coating is applied to the hull of a sea vessel.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
38 words
28 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 25 in which the coating is applied to the hull of floating platforms, seawater piping systems, and other fixed structures located near the surface of the sea.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
36 words
29 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 25 in which the release rate of the biocide from the gel beads mixed in the protective coating is less than 10 μg/cm 2 /day.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
46 words
30 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 25 in which the release rate of a chosen biocide from the gel beads mixed in a protective coating is sufficient to inhibit the attachment of fouling organisms to the surface of a marine vessel.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
30 words
31 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 25 in which the effective lifetime of the anti-fouling coating is in the range of 5 to 7 years.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
39 words
32 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating, the method comprising: synthesizing gel beads in the presence of a biocide to encapsulate the biocide in the beads; evaporating any solvents; and mixing the beads in a protective coating.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
39 words
32 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating, the method comprising: synthesizing gel beads in the presence of a biocide to encapsulate the biocide in the beads; evaporating any solvents; and mixing the beads in a protective coating.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
21 words
33 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 32 in which gel beads are polymeric network cross-linked beads.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
30 words
34 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 32 further including the step of washing the polymeric beads to remove biocide from the surface of the beads.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
29 words
35 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 32 further including the step of grinding the polymeric beads to a diameter of less than 50 μm.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
18 words
36 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 32 in which the biocide is solid.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
18 words
37 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 36 in which the biocide is copper.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
18 words
38 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 36 in which the biocide is 4,5-dichloro-2-N-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
19 words
39 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 36 in which the biocide is IRGAROL® 1051.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
21 words
40 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 32 in which the biocide is SEA-NINE™ 211 in xylene.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
21 words
41 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 32 in which the biocide is IRGAROL® 1051 in chloroform.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
23 words
42 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 32 in which the polymeric gel beads are synthesized by free-radical polymerization.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
35 words
43 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 42 in which the monomers are chosen such that the monomers interact by hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, van der Waals interaction, or hydrophobic interactions.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
30 words
44 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 38 in which the monomers are chosen from the group consisting of MAPTA-Cl, AMPS, methacrylic acid, dimethylacrylamide, and N-isopropylacrylamide.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
36 words
45 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 32 in which the release rate of the biocide from the gel beads mixed in the protective coating is less than 10 μg/cm 2 /day.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
46 words
46 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 32 in which the release rate of a chosen biocide from the gel beads mixed in the protective coating is sufficient to inhibit the attachment of fouling organisms to the surface of a marine vessel.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
30 words
47 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 32 in which the effective lifetime of the anti-fouling coating is in the range of 5 to 7 years.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
25 words
48 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 32 in which the coating is applied to the hull of a sea vessel.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
38 words
49 . The method of preparing an anti-fouling coating of claim 32 in which the coating is applied to the hull of floating platforms, seawater piping systems, and other fixed structures located near the surface of the sea.
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