Patent EP0901102A2 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
EP0901102A2
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Watermark embedding method and system
Assignee: Hitachi Ltd
•
Filing: 1998-09-02
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2018-09-02
Abstract
Abstract A data embedding method and apparatus and a data reproducing method and apparatus are provided which can apply a digital watermark to various contents. Instead of embedding watermarking information in respective pixels or by using a relation between pixels, the watermarking information is embedded as a position pattern (4) of changed pixels (3) in the contents. Reliability comparable with conventional techniques can be obtained irrespective of a change in a smaller number of pixels for the contents.
Inventors
- 👤 Isao Echizen
- 👤 Hiroshi Yoshiura
- 👤 Masafumi Nakamura
- 👤 Takao Arai
- 👤 Toshifumi Takeuchi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 11:47
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06T; G06T1/00; G06T1/0021; H; H04; H04N; H04N1/00; H04N1/32; H04N1/32101; H04N1/32144; H04N1/32149; H04N1/32203; H04N1/32208; H04N1/32229; H04N1/32251; G06T2201/00; G06T2201/005; G06T2201/0051; G06T2201/0061; H04N2201/00; H04N2201/32; H04N2201/3201; H04N2201/3225; H04N2201/3233; H04N2201/3269; H04N2201/327
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
127 words
A data embedding method of embedding watermarking
data x in a two-dimensional image (1) having m horizontal
pixels and n vertical pixels, comprising the steps of: selecting a two-dimensional partial image (2, 3)
whose pixel values are to be changed in order to embed the
watermarking data x , the two-dimensional partial image
having k horizontal pixels ( k × i = m , where k, i and m are
positive integers) and l vertical pixels ( l × j = n , where
l, j and n are positive integers); and changing (11) a value of each pixel of the
selected two-dimensional partial image such that a sum of
pixel values of the selected two-dimensional partial image
takes a specific value to thereby generate digital
watermarks.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
135 words
A data embedding system for embedding
watermarking data x in a two-dimensional image (1) having m horizontal pixels and n vertical pixels, comprising: selecting means for selecting a two-dimensional
partial image (2, 3) whose pixel values are to be changed
in order to embed the watermarking data x , the two-dimensional
partial image having k horizontal pixels ( k × i
= m , k, i and m are positive integers) and l vertical
pixels ( l × j = n , l, j and n are positive integers); and pixel value changing means (11) coupled to said
selecting means for changing a value of each pixel of the
selected two-dimensional partial image such that a sum of
pixel values of the selected two-dimensional partial image
takes a specific value to thereby generate digital
watermarks.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
A recording medium storing a moving image
embedded with the watermarking data x by the data embedding
method according to claim 1 and compressed.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
79 words
A data reproducing method comprising the steps
of: detecting (20) the two-dimensional partial image
whose pixel values were changed, the two-dimensional
partial image corresponding to the watermarking data x embedded by the data embedding method according to claim 1; storing (23) position information of the two-dimensional
partial image of the two-dimensional image
detected by said detecting step in storage means; and detecting (21) a pattern of the position
information of the two-dimensional partial image stored in
the storage means.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
86 words
A data reproducing system comprising: two-dimensional partial image detecting means
(20) for detecting the two-dimensional partial image whose
pixel values were changed, the two-dimensional partial
image corresponding to the watermarking data x embedded by
the data embedding method according to claim 1; storing means (23) for storing position
information of the two-dimensional partial image of the
two-dimensional image detected by said detecting step; and pattern detecting means (21) for detecting a
pattern of the position information of the two-dimensional
partial image stored in the storage means.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
71 words
A method of embedding watermarking information in
two-dimensional image data, comprising the steps of: dividing the two-dimensional image data into a
plurality of blocks; selecting a partial set (83) of blocks
corresponding to the watermarking information from a
plurality of divided blocks; and changing (84) values of image data in a block of
the selected partial set of blocks so as to satisfy a
particular condition to thereby generate digital
watermarks.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 6, wherein the block
is a two-dimensional partial image constituting a
compression processing unit.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method according to claim 6, wherein the block
is a two-dimensional partial image, and the values of image
data are a sum of luminances of pixels in each block.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 6, wherein the
partial set of blocks corresponding to the watermarking
information is selected depending upon the watermarking
information and random integers.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
71 words
A method according to claim 6, wherein the
partial set of blocks is selected so as not to duplicate
blocks between types of the watermarking information, if A
is N/M or smaller where A is the number of types of the
watermarking information, N is a total sum of blocks, and M
is the number of partial sets (macro blocks) of blocks and
N and M are positive integers (Fig. 1).
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
89 words
A method according to claim 6, wherein the
partial set of blocks is selected so as to duplicate blocks
between types of the watermarking information, a difference
of duplicated block numbers between arbitrary two partial
sets of blocks being set to 0 or 1, if A larger than N/M
where A is the number of types of the watermarking
information, N is a total sum of blocks, and M is the
number of partial sets (macro blocks) of blocks and N, M
are positive integers (Figs. 15 - 17).
Claim 12
Independent Claim
117 words
A method of reading watermarking information
embedded in two-dimensional image data, comprising the
steps of: dividing (1401) the two-dimensional image data
into a plurality of blocks; storing (1404) partial sets of blocks in
correspondence with each type of the watermark information; judging whether a value of image data of each
block satisfies a specific condition; comparing (1406) sets of blocks satisfying the
specific condition with the partial sets of blocks and
selecting a partial set of blocks having the number of
blocks common in both the set of blocks and the partial set
of blocks larger than a predetermined value; and judging (1407) information corresponding to the
selected partial set of blocks as as the watermarking
information.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
46 words
A method according to claim 12, wherein the two-dimensional
image data is compressed image data, and
whether the value of image data of each block satisfies the
specific condition is judged from a correspondence between
a value of compressed data and a value of image data.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
72 words
A system for embedding watermarking information
in two-dimensional image data, comprising: means for dividing the two-dimensional image data
into a plurality of blocks; means for selecting a partial set (83) of blocks
corresponding to the watermarking information from a
plurality of divided blocks and changing (84) values of
image data in a block of the selected partial set of blocks
so as to satisfy a particular condition to thereby generate
digital watermarks.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
A system according to claim 14, wherein the block
is a two-dimensional partial image constituting a
compression processing unit.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
30 words
A system according to claim 14, wherein the block
is a two-dimensional partial image, and the values of image
data are a sum of luminances of pixels in each block.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 14, wherein the
partial set of blocks corresponding to the watermarking
information is selected depending upon the watermarking
information and random integers.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
71 words
A system according to claim 14, wherein the
partial set of blocks is selected so as not to duplicate
blocks between types of the watermarking information, if A
is N/M or smaller where A is the number of types of the
watermarking information, N is a total sum of blocks, and M
is the number of partial sets (macro blocks) of blocks and
N and M are positive integers (Fig. 1).
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
90 words
A system according to claim 14, wherein the
partial set of blocks is selected so as to duplicate blocks
between types of the watermarking information, a difference
of duplicated block numbers between arbitrary two partial
sets of blocks being set to 0 or 1, if A larger than N/M
where A is the number of types of the watermarking
information, N is a total sum of blocks, and M is the
number of partial sets (macro blocks) of blocks and N and M
are positive integers (Figs. 15 - 17).
Claim 20
Independent Claim
124 words
A system for reading watermarking information
embedded in two-dimensional image data, comprising: means for dividing (1401) the two-dimensional
image data into a plurality of blocks; means for storing (1404) partial sets of blocks
in correspondence with each type of the watermark
information; means for judging whether a value of image data
of each block satisfies a specific condition; means for comparing (1406) sets of blocks
satisfying the specific condition with the partial sets of
blocks and selecting a partial set of blocks having the
number of blocks common in both the set of blocks and the
partial set of blocks larger than a predetermined value;
and means for judging (1407) information
corresponding to the selected partial set of blocks as as
the watermarking information.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
46 words
A system according to claim 20, wherein the two-dimensional
image data is compressed image data, and
whether the value of image data of each block satisfies the
specific condition is judged from a correspondence between
a value of compressed data and a value of image data.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
135 words
A computer-readable storage medium storing a
program which implements by the computer a data embedding
operation of embedding watermarking data x in a two-dimensional
image (1) having m horizontal pixels and n vertical pixels, said program comprising the steps of: selecting a two-dimensional partial image (2, 3)
whose pixel values are to be changed in order to embed the
watermarking data x , the two-dimensional partial image
having k horizontal pixels ( k × i = m , i is a positive
integer) and l vertical pixels ( l × j = n , j is a positive
integer); and changing (11) a value of each pixel of the
selected two-dimensional partial image so that a sum of
pixel values of the selected two-dimensional partial image
takes a specific value to thereby generate digital
watermarks.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
93 words
A computer-readable storage medium storing a
program which implements by the computer a data reproducing
operation, said program comprising the steps of: detecting (20) the two-dimensional partial image
whose pixel values were changed, the two-dimensional
partial image corresponding to the watermarking data x embedded by the data embedding method according to claim
22; storing (23) position information of the two-dimensional
partial image of the two-dimensional image
detected by said detecting step in storage means; and detecting (21) a pattern of the position
information of the two-dimensional partial image stored in
the storage means.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
85 words
A computer-readable storage medium storing a
program which implements by the computer an operation of
embedding watermarking information in two-dimensional image
data, said program comprising the steps of: dividing the two-dimensional image data into a
plurality of blocks; selecting a partial set (83) of blocks
corresponding to the watermarking information from a
plurality of divided blocks; and changing (84) values of image data in a block of
the selected partial set of blocks so as to satisfy a
particular condition to thereby generate digital
watermarks.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
131 words
A computer-readable storage medium storing a
program which implements by the computer an operation of
reading watermarking information embedded in two-dimensional
image data, said program comprising the steps
of: dividing (1401) the two-dimensional image data
into a plurality of blocks; storing (1404) partial sets of blocks in
correspondence with each type of the watermark information; judging whether a value of image data of each
block satisfies a specific condition; comparing (1406) sets of blocks satisfying the
specific condition with the partial sets of blocks and
selecting a partial set of blocks having the number of
blocks common in both the set of blocks and the partial set
of blocks larger than a predetermined value; and judging (1407) information corresponding to the
selected partial set of blocks as as the watermarking
information.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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