Heat insulating engine

Claim 2

A heat insulating engine comprising a cylinder head provided with suction and exhaust ports and cylin­ders; a thin member provided on the portion of the lower surface of said cylinder head which is in each of said cylinders via a heat insulating member, and consisting of a high-density ceramic material; an upper cylinder liner provided on the inner circumferen­tial surface of each of said cylinders in said cylinder head and consisting of a heat insulating material; a thin liner member formed unitarily with said thin member on the lower surface of said cylinder head, consisting of a high-density ceramic material and fitted in the inner circumferential surface of said upper cylinder liner; a main combustion chamber formed by said thin member on the lower surface of said cylin­der head and said thin liner member; an auxiliary combustion chamber block provided in said cylinder block and consisting of a material of a low heat transfer rate; a thin member provided on the inner surface of said auxiliary combustion chamber block and consisting of a high-density ceramic material; an auxiliary combustion chamber formed by said thin member on said block and having a fuel injection nozzle opened thereinto; a communication port formed in said block and communicating said main and auxiliary combus­tion chambers with each other; and a thin member provided on the inner circumferential surface of said communica­tion port and consisting of a high-density ceramic material.

Claim 3

A heat insulating engine according to Claim 1, wherein said high-density ceramic material constituting said thin member on the lower surface of said cylinder head, said thin liner member, said thin member on the inner surface of said auxiliary combustion chamber and said thin member on the inner circumferential surface of said communication port is silicon nitride.

Claim 4

A heat insulating engine according to Claim 1, wherein said high-density ceramic material constituting said thin member on the lower surface of said cylinder head, said thin liner member, said thin member on the inner surface of said auxiliary combustion chamber and said thin member on the inner circumferential surface of said communication port is silicon carbide.

Claim 5

A heat insulating engine according to Claim 1, wherein said material of a low heat transfer rate constituting said auxiliary combustion chamber block is aluminum titanate.

Claim 6

A heat insulating engine according to Claim 1, wherein said material of a low heat transfer rate constituting said auxiliary combustion chamber block is potassium titanate.

Claim 7

A heat insulating engine according to Claim 1, wherein said material of a low heat transfer rate constituting said auxiliary combustion chamber block is sodium titanate.

Claim 8

A heat insulating engine according to Claim 1, wherein said heat insulating material constituting said upper cylinder liner is aluminum titanate.

Claim 9

A heat insulating engine according to Claim 1, wherein said auxiliary combustion chamber block consists of an upper block and a lower block, said upper and lower blocks being combined with each other at their respective contacting end surfaces.

Claim 10

A heat insulating engine according to Claim 8, wherein said fuel injection nozzle is provided in said upper block of said auxiliary combustion chamber block, said communication port being provided in said lower block of said auxiliary combustion chamber block.

Claim 11

A heat insulating engine according to Claim 1, wherein said heat insulating member between the portion of the lower surface of said cylinder head which is in each of said cylinders and said thin member provided on said surface of said cylinder head consists of a heat insulating gasket and a heat insulating air layer.

Claim 12

A heat insulating engine comprising a cylinder head provided with suction and exhaust ports and cylinders; a thin member provided on the portion of the lower surface of said cylinder head which is in each of said cylinders via a heat insulating member, and consisting of a high-density ceramic material; an upper cylinder liner provided on the inner circumferential surface of each of said cylinders in said cylinder head and consisting of a heat insula­ting material; a thin liner member formed unitarily with said thin member on the lower surface of said cylinder head, consisting of a high-density ceramic material and fitted in the inner circumferential surface of said upper cylinder liner; a main combustion chamber formed by said thin member on the lower surface of said cylinder head and said thin liner member; an auxiliary combustion chamber block provided in said cylinder block and consisting of a material of a low heat transfer rate; a thin member provided on the inner surface of said auxiliary combustion chamber block and consisting of a high-density ceramic material; an auxiliary combustion chamber formed by said thin member on said block and having a fuel injection nozzle opened thereinto; a communication port formed in said block and communicating said main and auxiliary combustion chambers with each other; a thin member provided on the inner circum­ferential surface of said communication port and consisting of a high-density ceramic material; a cylinder liner which is fitted in each of said cylinders formed in said cylinder block fixed to said cylinder head, and which is joined via a heat insulating gasket to the lower end surface of said upper cylinder liner having said thin liner member on the inner surface thereof; and a piston adapted to be moved reciprocatingly inside said cylinder liner and said thin liner member and having a piston head and a piston skirt fixed to said piston head, said piston head having a piston head body, and a thin member provided on the portion of said piston head body which is on the side of said main combustion chamber via a heat insulating member, and consisting of a high-density ceramic material.

Claim 13

A heat insulating engine comprising a cylinder head provided with suction and exhaust ports and cylinders; a thin member provided on the portion of the lower surface of said cylinder head which is in each of said cylinders via a heat insulating member, and consisting of a high-density ceramic material; an upper cylinder liner provided on the inner circumferential surface of each of said cylinders in said cylinder head and consisting of a heat insula­ting material; a thin liner member formed unitarily with said thin member on the lower surface of said cylinder head, consisting of a high-density ceramic material and fitted in the inner circumferential surface of said upper cylinder liner; a main combustion chamber formed by said thin member on the lower surface of said cylinder head and said thin liner member; an auxiliary combustion chamber block provided in said cylinder block and consisting of a material of a low heat transfer rate; a thin member provided on the inner surface of said auxiliary combustion chamber block and consisting of a high-density ceramic material; an auxiliary combustion chamber formed by said thin member on said block and having a fuel injection nozzle opened thereinto; a communication port formed in said block and communicating said main and auxiliary combustion chambers with each other; a thin member provided on the inner circum­ferential surface of said communication port and consisting of a high-density ceramic material; a cylinder liner which is fitted in each of said cylinders formed in said cylinder block fixed to said cylinder head, and which is joined via a heat insulating gasket to the lower end surface of said upper cylinder liner having said thin liner member on the inner surface thereof; and a piston adapted to be moved reciprocatingly inside said cylinder liner and said thin liner member and having a piston head and a piston skirt fixed to said piston head, said piston head having a piston head body, and a thin member provided on the portion of said piston head body which is on the side of said main combustion chamber via a heat insulating member, and consisting of a high-density ceramic material.

Claim 14

A heat insulating engine according to Claim 11, wherein said high-density ceramic material constituting said thin member on said piston head is silicon nitride.

Claim 15

A heat insulating engine according to Claim 11, wherein said high-density ceramic material constituting said thin member on said piston head is silicon carbide.

Claim 16

A heat insulating engine according to Claim 11, wherein said heat insulating member provided on said piston head is aluminum titanate.

Claim 17

A heat insulating engine according to Claim 11, wherein said heat insulating member provided on said piston head is potassium titanate.

Claim 18

An engine having a cylinder block (23) and a cylinder head (10) attached thereto defining at least one cylinder, wherein, associated with the or each cylinder, there is provided: a suction port and exhaust port in the cylinder head (10) in communication with the or each cylinder; a main combustion chamber (5) within the or each cylinder in communication with an auxiliary combustion chamber (4), the auxiliary combustion chamber (4) being enclosed within a block (6,7) of material of low thermal conductivity arranged within the cylinder block (10); a fuel-injection nozzle (9) which extends into the auxiliary combustion chamber (4); a heat insulating lining (1) arranged at least on a portion of the cylinder head (10) which faces into the main combustion chamber (5); and a lining of high-density ceramic material (2,3,8) arranged on the internal surfaces of the auxiliary combustion chamber, and the main combustion chamber (5) and which overlies the heat insulating lining (1).

Claim 19

An engine having a cylinder block (23) and a cylinder head (10) attached thereto defining at least one cylinder, wherein, associated with the or each cylinder, there is provided: a suction port and exhaust port in the cylinder head (10) in communication with the or each cylinder; a main combustion chamber (5) within the or each cylinder in communication with an auxiliary combustion chamber (4), the auxiliary combustion chamber (4) being enclosed within a block (6,7) of material of low thermal conductivity arranged within the cylinder block (10); a fuel-injection nozzle (9) which extends into the auxiliary combustion chamber (4); a heat insulating lining (1) arranged at least on a portion of the cylinder head (10) which faces into the main combustion chamber (5); and a lining of high-density ceramic material (2,3,8) arranged on the internal surfaces of the auxiliary combustion chamber, and the main combustion chamber (5) and which overlies the heat insulating lining (1).