Patent EP0275933A2 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
EP0275933A2
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EP
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Pressure control apparatus
Assignee: Jasco Corp
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Filing: 1988-01-15
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2008-01-15
Abstract
Abstract A pressure control apparatus is used in an apparatus for effecting extraction, chromatographic separation, and fractionation. The pressure control apparatus is intended to reduce the amount of a fluid stagnating in a valve, and is arranged to cyclically open and close the valve, thereby controlling the level of pressure. An apparatus for effecting extraction, chromatographic separation, and fractionation is designed to perform in an on-line manner the extraction of soluble components contained in a sample as well as the separation and fractionation of the components. A chromatography is connected to a downstream side of a supercritical fluid extraction device, and the aforesaid pressure control apparatus is used as back-pressure regulators (9, 18) for the chromatography and the extraction device. An extraction fluid and an elution fluid which are used in a mobile phase may be a common fluid (Fig. 1) or separate fluids (Fig. 10). At the time of extraction, the soluble components of the sample within an extraction vessel (6) is extracted by a supercritical fluid, and is delivered to an adsorption column (14). The supercritical fluid is converted into a gas by reducing the pressure within the adsorption column and thus the solubility of the fluid is lowered so that the resultant extract is adsorbed by an adsorbent packed in this column. At the time of chromatographic separation, the pressure within the adsorption column (14) is maintained at a critical pressure or higher and thus an extract is eluted by the supercritical fluid and is delivered to a separation column (16), in which the extract is separated into individual components. Then, when the pressure within the adsorption column is reduced, the supercritical fluid is gasified and the result components are collected as fractions.
Inventors
- 👤 Muneo Saito
- 👤 Yoshio Yamauchi
- 👤 Hiromi Kashiwazaki
- 👤 Michiaki Sugawara
- 👤 Toshinobu Hondo
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 02:53
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D11/00; B01D11/02; B01D11/0203; B01D11/028; G; G01; G01N; G01N30/00; G01N30/02; G01N30/26; G01N30/28; G01N30/32; G05; G05D; G05D16/00; G05D16/20; G05D16/2006; G05D16/2013; G01N30/04; G01N30/06; G01N2030/062; G01N30/08; G01N2030/085; G01N30/62; G01N30/74; G01N30/80; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T137/00; Y10T137/7722; Y10T137/7758; Y10T137/7761
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
108 words
A pressure control apparatus comprising: a valve disposed in a flow passage; a pressure transducer for detecting the level of fluid pressure generated on one of the upstream and downstream sides of said valve to provide a detection pressure Pα; and pressure control means for providing control over said valve so as to set said detection pressure P o to a desired pressure P s ; wherein said valve is of a type electrically operable to open and close a flow passage which provides communication between an inlet of said valve and its outlet; and wherein said control means is capable of cyclically opening and closing said valve.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
108 words
A pressure control apparatus comprising: a valve disposed in a flow passage; a pressure transducer for detecting the level of fluid pressure generated on one of the upstream and downstream sides of said valve to provide a detection pressure Pα; and pressure control means for providing control over said valve so as to set said detection pressure P o to a desired pressure P s ; wherein said valve is of a type electrically operable to open and close a flow passage which provides communication between an inlet of said valve and its outlet; and wherein said control means is capable of cyclically opening and closing said valve.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus according to Claim 1, wherein said pressure control means is arranged to close said valve when P D < P s and to open said valve when P o > P s .
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
The apparatus according to Claim 1, wherein said pressure control means is arranged to control the duty ratio of the opening and closing motions of said valve.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
40 words
The apparatus according to Claim 1, wherein said valve further includes a valve stem capable of moving back and forth along the axis thereof to open and close said flow passage which provides communication between said inlet and said outlet.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus according to Claim 4, wherein said valve stem is driven by an electromagnetic force.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The apparatus according to Claim 4, wherein said valve stem is driven by the application of a voltage to a piezoelectric element.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
82 words
A pressure control apparatus comprising: a valve disposed in a flow passage; and pressure control means for providing control over said valve to control the level of fluid pressure on one of the upstream and downstream sides of said valve; wherein said valve is of a type which is electrically operable for full open and full closure; and wherein said pressure control means is arranged to provide open-loop control over the duty ratio of the opening and closing motions of said valve.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
82 words
A pressure control apparatus comprising: a valve disposed in a flow passage; and pressure control means for providing control over said valve to control the level of fluid pressure on one of the upstream and downstream sides of said valve; wherein said valve is of a type which is electrically operable for full open and full closure; and wherein said pressure control means is arranged to provide open-loop control over the duty ratio of the opening and closing motions of said valve.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
432 words
An apparatus for effecting extraction, chromatographic separation, and fractionation in which a chromatograph is connected to a downstream side of an extraction device; said extraction device comprising: pump means for delivering an extraction/elution fluid containing one of a supercritical fluid and a liquefied gas; an extraction container for containing a sample; thermostatic means for maintaining the temperature within said extraction container at a predetermined value so as to enable said extraction/elution fluid to effect proper extraction within said extraction container at the time of extraction; first back-pressure control means for, at the time of extraction, adjusting the opening of a flow passage to maintain a back pressure at a predetermined value which enables said extraction/elution fluid to effect proper extraction within said extraction container thereby causing a soluble substance to be extracted from said sample, and for substantially fully opening said flow passage at the time of chromatographic separation; and flow-passage switching means arranged to form a flow passage which allows said extraction/elution fluid to flow from said pump means through said extraction container to said first back-pressure control means at the time of extraction and to form a flow passage which, at the time of chromatographic separation, allows said extraction/elution fluid to flow from said pump means directly to said first back-pressure control means, with said extraction container being bypassed; said chromatograph comprising: an adsorption container connected to a downstream side of said first back-pressure control means and charged with an adsorbent acting to adsorb an extract; a separation column disposed downstream of said adsorbent, separately from or integrally with said adsorption container, and charged with a substance in the stationary phase thereof; thermostatic means for maintaining the temperatures within said adsorption container and said separation column at respective predetermined values so as to enable said extractionielution fluid to effect proper chromatographic separation at the time of chromatographic separation; and second back-pressure control means arranged to, at the time of extraction, reduce the pressure on the inlet side of said adsorption container to cause said extract to be adsorbed onto said adsorbent charged into said adsorption container and to prevent said extract from flowing out of an outlet of said adsorption container, and to, at the time of chromatographic separation, adjust the opening of a flow passage downstream of said separation column so as to maintain the pressure on the outlet side of said separation column at a predetermined value which enables said extraction/elution fluid to effect proper chromatoraphic separation so that said extract and separated components are made to flow out of said adsorption container and said separation column, respectively.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
432 words
An apparatus for effecting extraction, chromatographic separation, and fractionation in which a chromatograph is connected to a downstream side of an extraction device; said extraction device comprising: pump means for delivering an extraction/elution fluid containing one of a supercritical fluid and a liquefied gas; an extraction container for containing a sample; thermostatic means for maintaining the temperature within said extraction container at a predetermined value so as to enable said extraction/elution fluid to effect proper extraction within said extraction container at the time of extraction; first back-pressure control means for, at the time of extraction, adjusting the opening of a flow passage to maintain a back pressure at a predetermined value which enables said extraction/elution fluid to effect proper extraction within said extraction container thereby causing a soluble substance to be extracted from said sample, and for substantially fully opening said flow passage at the time of chromatographic separation; and flow-passage switching means arranged to form a flow passage which allows said extraction/elution fluid to flow from said pump means through said extraction container to said first back-pressure control means at the time of extraction and to form a flow passage which, at the time of chromatographic separation, allows said extraction/elution fluid to flow from said pump means directly to said first back-pressure control means, with said extraction container being bypassed; said chromatograph comprising: an adsorption container connected to a downstream side of said first back-pressure control means and charged with an adsorbent acting to adsorb an extract; a separation column disposed downstream of said adsorbent, separately from or integrally with said adsorption container, and charged with a substance in the stationary phase thereof; thermostatic means for maintaining the temperatures within said adsorption container and said separation column at respective predetermined values so as to enable said extractionielution fluid to effect proper chromatographic separation at the time of chromatographic separation; and second back-pressure control means arranged to, at the time of extraction, reduce the pressure on the inlet side of said adsorption container to cause said extract to be adsorbed onto said adsorbent charged into said adsorption container and to prevent said extract from flowing out of an outlet of said adsorption container, and to, at the time of chromatographic separation, adjust the opening of a flow passage downstream of said separation column so as to maintain the pressure on the outlet side of said separation column at a predetermined value which enables said extraction/elution fluid to effect proper chromatoraphic separation so that said extract and separated components are made to flow out of said adsorption container and said separation column, respectively.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
49 words
The apparatus according to Claim 8, wherein said first back-pressure control means and said second back-pressure control means are each constituted by a pressure control device as set forth in Claim 1, and wherein a pressure transducer as set forth in Claim 1 is disposed upstream of said valve.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus according to Claim 9, wherein said flow-passage switching means is constituted by a six-way valve.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
37 words
The apparatus according to Claim 10, wherein said pump means is constituted by a pump for delivering a liquefied gas and a pump for delivering a modifier solvent, the outlets of said pumps being connected in common.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus according to Claim 11, wherein a detector for detecting a solute is disposed in the flow passage extending between said separation column and said second back-pressure control means.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
427 words
An apparatus for effecting extraction, chromatographic separation, and fractionation in which a chromatograph is connected to a downstream side of an extraction device; said extraction device comprising: a first pump for delivering an extraction fluid containing one of a supercritical fluid and a liquefied gas; an extraction container connected to a downstream side of said first pump and containing a sample; thermostatic means for maintaining the temperature within said extraction container at a predetermined value so as to enable said extraction fluid to effect proper extraction within said extraction container at the time of extraction; and first back-pressure control means connected to a downstream side of said extraction container for, at the time of extraction, adjusting the opening of a flow passage to maintain a back pressure at a predetermined value which enables said extraction fluid to effect proper extraction within said extraction container thereby extracting a soluble substance from said sample; said chromatograph comprising: an adsorption container connected to a downstream side of said first back-pressure control means and charged with an adsorbent acting to adsorb an extract; a separation column disposed downstream of said adsorbent, separately from or integrally with said adsorption container, and charged with a substance in a stationary phase thereof; thermostatic means for, at the time of chromatographic separation, maintaining the temperature within said adsorption container and said separation column at respective predetermined values so as to enable said elution fluid to effect suitable chromatographic separation; a second pump for delivering an elution fluid; flow-passage switching means arranged to, at the time of extraction, form a flow passage which allows said extraction fluid to flow from said first back-pressure control means to said adsorption container and to form, at the time of chromatographic separation, a flow passage which allows said elution fluid to flow from said second back-pressure control means to said adsorption container; and second back-pressure control means arranged to, at the time of extraction, reduce the pressure on the inlet side of said adsorption container to cause said extract to be adsorbed onto said adsorbent charged into said adsorption container and to prevent said extract from flowing out of an outlet of said adsorption container, and to, at the time of chromatographic separation, adjust the opening of a flow passage downstream of said separation column so as to maintain the level of back pressure at a predetermined value which enables said elution fluid to effect a proper chromatographic separation so that said extract and separated components are made to flow out of said adsorption container and said separation column, respectively.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
427 words
An apparatus for effecting extraction, chromatographic separation, and fractionation in which a chromatograph is connected to a downstream side of an extraction device; said extraction device comprising: a first pump for delivering an extraction fluid containing one of a supercritical fluid and a liquefied gas; an extraction container connected to a downstream side of said first pump and containing a sample; thermostatic means for maintaining the temperature within said extraction container at a predetermined value so as to enable said extraction fluid to effect proper extraction within said extraction container at the time of extraction; and first back-pressure control means connected to a downstream side of said extraction container for, at the time of extraction, adjusting the opening of a flow passage to maintain a back pressure at a predetermined value which enables said extraction fluid to effect proper extraction within said extraction container thereby extracting a soluble substance from said sample; said chromatograph comprising: an adsorption container connected to a downstream side of said first back-pressure control means and charged with an adsorbent acting to adsorb an extract; a separation column disposed downstream of said adsorbent, separately from or integrally with said adsorption container, and charged with a substance in a stationary phase thereof; thermostatic means for, at the time of chromatographic separation, maintaining the temperature within said adsorption container and said separation column at respective predetermined values so as to enable said elution fluid to effect suitable chromatographic separation; a second pump for delivering an elution fluid; flow-passage switching means arranged to, at the time of extraction, form a flow passage which allows said extraction fluid to flow from said first back-pressure control means to said adsorption container and to form, at the time of chromatographic separation, a flow passage which allows said elution fluid to flow from said second back-pressure control means to said adsorption container; and second back-pressure control means arranged to, at the time of extraction, reduce the pressure on the inlet side of said adsorption container to cause said extract to be adsorbed onto said adsorbent charged into said adsorption container and to prevent said extract from flowing out of an outlet of said adsorption container, and to, at the time of chromatographic separation, adjust the opening of a flow passage downstream of said separation column so as to maintain the level of back pressure at a predetermined value which enables said elution fluid to effect a proper chromatographic separation so that said extract and separated components are made to flow out of said adsorption container and said separation column, respectively.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
48 words
The apparatus according to Claim 13, wherein said first back-pressure control means and said second back-pressure control means are each constituted by a pressure control device set forth in Claim 1, and wherein a pressure transducer as set forth in Claim 1 is disposed upstream of said valve.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus according to Claim 14, wherein said flow-passage switching means is constituted by a six-way valve.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
45 words
The apparatus according to Claim 15, wherein said first pump and said second pump are respectively constituted by a pump for delivering a liquefied gas and a pump for delivering a modifier solvent, the outlets of said first and second pumps being connected in common.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus according to Claim 16, wherein a detector for detecting a solute is disposed in the flow passage extending between said separation column and said second back-pressure control means.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
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