EP0243547A1
Expired / Lapsed
EP
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Continuous flow peritoneal dialysis apparatus
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1986-05-01
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Granted: —
•
Expires: 2006-05-01
Abstract
Abstract A continuous flow peritoneal dialysis system and process is disclosed which includes a source of sterilized peritoneal dialysis system in the form of a gravity feed head vessel (32). A bypass valve (34) connects the head vessel to an inflow/outflow directional valve 40 which controls the inflow and outflow of the sterilized dialysis fluid to a peritoneal catheter (12). The peritoneal catheter is implanted into the peritoneal membrane (14) of the peritoneal cavity (15). A connectable/disconnectable inflow line (42) and outflow line (48) are connected to an inflow catheter (44) and an outflow catheter (46), respectively, of the double peritoneal catheter (12). A pressure monitor (50) in the outflow line (48) monitors the pressure within the cavity (15) and adjusts the inflow and outflow accordingly to maintain a predetermined volume and pressure of dialysis fluid in the cavity to maintain the membrane (14) properly distended at all times for maximum dialysis efficiency and patient comfort. Secondarily, an outflow monitor (54) monitors the outflow and if need be, increases or decreases the inflow to the directional valve (40) by controlling a bypass valve 34. Control of the level of dialysis fluid in the head vessel (32) is maintained by a level monitor (38) which also can operate the bypass valve (34) to bypass fluid to a drain tank (36). Sterile dialysis fluid flows through the cavity (15) in an open single-pass circuit and flows into the disposal and drain tank (36) upon passing through the cavity. Another embodiment controls solely on the basis of volume rather than on the combined basis of pressure and volume.
Inventors
- 👤 Alan M. Peabody
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 23:15
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61M; A61M1/00; A61M1/14; A61M1/28; A61M1/16; A61M1/1654; A61M1/1656; A61M1/1668; A61M1/167; A61M1/168; A61M1/1686; A61M1/282; A61M1/284; A61M1/285; A61M1/71; A61M1/74; A61M2205/00; A61M2205/33; A61M2205/3331
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
148 words
A continuous flow peritoneal dialysis process comprising: providing a source (32) of sterilized dialysis fluid; providing an inflow line (42) for connection to a cathether (12, 70) for implantation into the peritoneal cavity (14) of a patient; providing an outflow line (48) for connection to the catheter; and delivering a flow of sterilized dialysis fluid from the source (32) to the inflow line (42); characterised by monitoring a function of the volume of the said sterile dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity and controlling the inflow and outflow of the sterilized dialysis fluid so that a desired volume exists in the cavity (14) in a manner such that a proper amount of fluid is maintained during dialysis; and delivering the outflow of sterilized dialysis fluid to a disposal means (36) so that a single flow of dialysis fluid is provided through the peritoneal cavity (14) of the patient.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
148 words
A continuous flow peritoneal dialysis process comprising: providing a source (32) of sterilized dialysis fluid; providing an inflow line (42) for connection to a cathether (12, 70) for implantation into the peritoneal cavity (14) of a patient; providing an outflow line (48) for connection to the catheter; and delivering a flow of sterilized dialysis fluid from the source (32) to the inflow line (42); characterised by monitoring a function of the volume of the said sterile dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity and controlling the inflow and outflow of the sterilized dialysis fluid so that a desired volume exists in the cavity (14) in a manner such that a proper amount of fluid is maintained during dialysis; and delivering the outflow of sterilized dialysis fluid to a disposal means (36) so that a single flow of dialysis fluid is provided through the peritoneal cavity (14) of the patient.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
61 words
A process according to claim 1, including providing a double catheter (12) having an inflow catheter (44) connected to the inflow line (42) and an outflow catheter (46) connected to the outflow line (48) implanted in the peritoneal cavity; and providing a valve means (40, 68, 64) for controlling the flow of dialysis fluid in the inflow (42) and outflow (48).
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
92 words
A process according to claim 2, including providing the valve means (40, 68, 64) in the form of an inflow valve in the inflow line and an outflow valve in the outflow line for controlling the inflow and outflow of the dialysis fluid from the peritoneal cavity; and providing a flow monitor (61, 63) in each of the inflow and the outflow line to monitor the function of the volume for controlling the inflow and outflow valve to maintain the desired volume of dialysis fluid in the cavity for proper cavity distension.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
47 words
A process according to claim 2, including monitoring the amount of the dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity for controlling the valve means and providing an alarm signal (67) in response to the amount of fluid exceeding a prescribed level to avoid over distension of the cavity.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
54 words
A process according to claim 2, wherein monitoring a function of the volume of dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity includes monitoring the pressure of the sterile dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity and controlling the inflow and outflow of the sterilized dialysis fluid so that a desired pressure is maintained in the cavity.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process acocrding to claim 1, wherein monitoring a function of the volume of dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity includes providing a flow monitor in each of the inflow and outflow lines and controlling the inflow and outflow of sterilized dialysis fluid so that a desired volume of fluid exists in said peritoneal cavity.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process according to claim 1, including controlling the flow of dialysis fluid in the inflow and outflow lines so that dialysis fluid flows in and then out of the peritoneal cavity in a continuous cyclic manner.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the provision of the sources of sterilized dialysis fluid includes providing a head vessel (32) for containing the dialysis fluid, and maintaining the level of the sterilized dialysis fluid in the head vessel by delivering fluid to the disposal means (36) when the level reaches a certain height.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
53 words
A process to claim 2, wherein the valve means is provided by an inflow/outflow directional valve (69) for controlling the inflow and outflow of the dialysis fluid from said peritoneal cavity; and providing a monitor in the outflow line for controlling the inflow/outflow directional valve responsive to the pressure in the peritoneal cavity.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process according to claim 5, including monitoring the outflow of the dialysis fluid from the peritoneal cavity and controlling the inflow of diaylsis fluid into the peritoneal cavity in response thereto to make the inflow and outflow equal.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
70 words
A process according to claim 1, including providing a valve means (68, 64, 69) in the inflow and outflow lines for selectively controlling the inflow and outflow of dialysis fluid; and providing a first flow monitor (61) in the inflow line and a second flow monitor (63) in the outflow line for controlling the valve means (68, 64, 69) and flow of dialysis fluid in the inflow and outflow line.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
40 words
A process according to claim 11, including controlling the valve means in a cyclic manner so that sterilized dialysis fluid is delivered into said peritoneal cavity and then out of said cavity in continuous cycles through the single pass circuit.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process according to claim 12, including closing the outflow line when dialysis fluid is flowing into the peritoneal cavity and closing the inflow line while the fluid is flowing out of the cavity.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
179 words
A continuous flow peritoneal dialysis system comprising: a source (32) of sterile dialysis fluid; an inflow line (42) for connection to the source (32) and to a peritoneal catheter (12, 70) implanted in the peritoneal cavity (14) of a patient; and an outflow line (48) for connection to the peritoneal catheter (12, 70); characterised by valve means (40, 68, 64, 69) for controlling the flow of dialysis fluid in the inflow and outflow lines thereby to control the volume of dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity; disposal means (36) connected to the outflow line for disposing of the outflow of dialysis fluid and establishign a single-pass open circuit through the peritoneal cavity for dialysis; flow monitoring means (61, 63) for sensing a function of the volume and amount of dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity; and control means controlling the valve means in response to the flow monitoring means so that flow of the dialysis fluid through the peritoneal cavity is controlled in a manner that a desired amount of fluid exists in the peritoneal cavity for proper dialysis.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
179 words
A continuous flow peritoneal dialysis system comprising: a source (32) of sterile dialysis fluid; an inflow line (42) for connection to the source (32) and to a peritoneal catheter (12, 70) implanted in the peritoneal cavity (14) of a patient; and an outflow line (48) for connection to the peritoneal catheter (12, 70); characterised by valve means (40, 68, 64, 69) for controlling the flow of dialysis fluid in the inflow and outflow lines thereby to control the volume of dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity; disposal means (36) connected to the outflow line for disposing of the outflow of dialysis fluid and establishign a single-pass open circuit through the peritoneal cavity for dialysis; flow monitoring means (61, 63) for sensing a function of the volume and amount of dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity; and control means controlling the valve means in response to the flow monitoring means so that flow of the dialysis fluid through the peritoneal cavity is controlled in a manner that a desired amount of fluid exists in the peritoneal cavity for proper dialysis.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
37 words
A system according to claim 14, wherein the peritoneal catheter includes a double catheter (12) having an inflow catheter (44) connected to the inflow line (42) and an outflow catheter (46) connected to the outflow line (48).
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
70 words
A system according to claim 15, wherein the flow monitoring means comprises: pressure monitoring means (50) in the outflow line (48) for sensing the pressure of dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity; the control means controls the valve means (40) in response to the pressure monitoring means so that flow of the dialysis fluid through the peritoneal cavity is controlled to maintain a desired pressure of fluid in the cavity.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
52 words
A system according to claim 15, including a bypass valve (34) connected between the source (32) and the valve means (40) and between the source (32) and the disposal means (36), and means controlling the bypass valve (34) to adjust the flow of sterile dialysis fluid delivered to the valve means (40).
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
44 words
A system according to claim 15, wherein the flow monitor means includes a monitor (54) for sensing the outflow of dialysis fluid from the outflow catheter (48) and controlling the valve means (40) so that the inflow and outflow of dialysis fluid are equal.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
64 words
A system according to claim 15, wherein the flow monitor means includes a flow monitor (61, 63) in each of the inflow (42) and outflow (48) lines for sensing the flow through the peritoneal cavity and the control means controls the valve means (68, 64) and the inflow and outflow of dialysis fluid to maintain a desired volume of fluid in the peritoneal cavity.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
112 words
A system according to claim 15, wherein the valve means includes: an inflow/outflow valve (40) having an inflow passage (42 a ) connected to the inflow line and an outflow passage (48 a ) connected to the outflow line (48); a valve element (43) for selectively occluding either said inflow passage (42 a ) or the outflow passage (48 a ); and the flow monitoring means comprises a pressure monitor (50) for sensing the fluid pressure in the peritoneal cavity and controlling the inflow/outflow valve to occlude either the inflow (42 a ) or the outflow (48 a ) passage to regulate the pressure in the peritoneal cavity within a desired range.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
76 words
A system according to claim 20, wherein the flow control means further includes a flow monitor (54) for monitoring the outflow of the dialysis fluid from the inflow/outflow valve (40) and controlling the inflow of dialysis to the valve (40) when both the inflow and outflow passages are open so that the inflow of the dialysis fluid delivered through the valve to the peritoneal cavity and the outflow of dialysis fluid from the cavity are equal.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
104 words
A system according to claim 15, wherein: the source includes a head vessel (32) in which the sterilized dialysis fluid is stored: a bypass valve (34) is connected between the head vessel (32) and the valve means (40); a drain line connects the bypass valve (34) to a disposal means (36); and flow level sensing means (38) communicate with an interior of the head vessel (32) and control the by pass valve (34) to bypass the dialysis fluid from the head vessel (32) to the disposal means (36) should the level of the dialysis fluid reach a predetermined height in the head vessel (36).
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
38 words
A system according to claim 14, including fluid level sensing means (62) for sensing the amount of dialysis fluid in the cavity and producing an alarm signal (67) in the event overfilling and overdistension of the cavity occurs.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
51 words
A system according to claim 14, wherein the inflow lines and outflow lines are connected to the valve means (69); and the valve means (69) selectively opens and closes the inflow and outflow lines to deliver a prescribed amount of dialysis fluid through the peritoneal cavity in a continuous cyclic manner.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
135 words
A system according to claim 14, wherein the valve means includes: an inflow/outflow valve (69) having an inflow passage (42 a ) connected to the inflow line (42) and an outflow passage (48 a ) connected to the outflow line (72); a valve element (69 a ) for selectively occluding either the inflow passage or the outflow passage; and the flow monitoring means comprises a flow monitor (61, 63) in each of the inflow and outflow lines for sensing the fluid flow in the flow lines and controlling the inflow/outflow valve (69) to occlude either the inflow or the outflow passage in a manner that a prescribed amount of dialysis fluid is delivered into the peritoneal cavity and then removed through the outflow passage (72) and line (48 a ) in a continuous cyclic manner.
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