Apparatus for the purification of blood

Claim 2

Apparatus for the purification of blood designed to used for haemodialysis, haemofiltration, haemoperfusion, and also plasmapheresis comprising a monitor and a water treatment plant situated upstream thereof, characterised in that the monitor (2) comprises at least one replaceable basic unit (1) communicating with a hydroblock (3).

Claim 3

Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the basic unit is composed of a body (4) to the-upper front part of which is connected a high flow rate pump (5) for blood or dialysate to the face of the body (4) are connected a low flow rate pump (6) for infusion, controlled ultrafiltration or bicarbonate, a pressure sensor (7) for blood or dialysate, a socket (8) for the hydroblock (3) and a throttle valve (9), and to the upper rear part of the body (4) is connected a block (10) for indication and selection of parameters, while in the inner part of the body (4) is installed a block (11) of operational electronics.

Claim 4

Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the basic unit (1) comprises a body (4) in the upper front part of which is fixed a high flow rate pump (5) for blood or dialysate, to the body (4) face is fixed the shaft (67) of a low flow rate pump (6) for infusion controlled ultrafiltration or bicarbonate, a socket (8) for the hydroblock (3) and a throttle valve (9), while to the upper rear part of the body (4) is fixed a block (10) for indication and selection of parameters, and in the inner part of the body (4) is installed a block (11) of operational electronics.

Claim 5

Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the hydroblock (3) is formed by at least one cassette which serves for sensing the set quantities, such as pressure, temperature and conductivity, and for hydromechanical distribution of the medium.

Claim 6

Apparatus according to Claim 4, characterised in that it comprises a conductivity cassette (13) which contains a water inlet (16) which is hydraulically connected to a concentrate inlet (18) at a point downstream of a first jet (17) of the concentrate inlet (18) which is further connected through a first conductivity probe (19) with an inlet (20) into a first vessel (21) in its upper part, the lower part of the first vessel (21) is provided with an outlet (23) which is hydraulically connected with a first inlet (24) of a high flow rate pump (5) with whose first outlet (25) is hydraulically connected an inlet (26) in the upper part of a second vessel (27) in which part is also situated a first outlet (22) to a pressure sensor (7), the bottom of the second vessel (27) is provided with an outlet (28) which through a second conductivity probe (29) is hydraulically connected to a by-pass outlet (30) and to a first dialysate outlet (31), in the upper part of the second vessel (27) is situated a deaeration outlet (32), while signal outputs of the first conductivity probe (19) and the second conductivity probe (29) are electrically connected to a first connector (33).

Claim 7

Apparatus according to Claim 4, characterised in that it comprises an underpressure cassette (14) which contains a dialysate inlet (38) hydraulically connected to a second dialysate outlet (39), a by-pass inlet (40), a third dialysate outlet (43) and a deaeration inlet (42) are, each separately, hydraulically connected to the upper part of a third vessel (41) provided with a second outlet (44) to a pressure sensor (7), in the bottom of the third vessel (41) is situated an outlet (45) that is hydraulically connected through a blood detector (46) to the second inlet (47) of the high flow rate pump (5), while the output of the blood detector (46) is electrically connected to a second connector (49).

Claim 8

Apparatus according to Claim 4, characterised in that it comprises a blood cassette (15) which contains a first level detector (51) and a second level detector (52) which are fixed in a holder (53) of a removable venose sac (54) in whose upper part there is an infusion outlet (65), a second outlet (57) and a first outlet (55) which is hydraulically connected with a third outlet (56) to a pressure sensor (7), a third outlet (58) of the venose sac (54) is inserted into a bubble detector (59), the outputs_of the first level detector (51), of the second level detector (52) and of the bubble detector (59) are electrically connected to the third connector (52).

Claim 9

Apparatus according to Claims 5, 6 and 7 characterised in that the hydroblock for haemodialysis is formed by the blood cassette (15), underpressure cassette (14), conductivity cassette (13) and hydraulic interconnections (66) so that the by-pass outlet (30) from the conductivity cassette (13) is hydraulically connected through a by-pass interconnection (34) to the by-pass inlet (40) of the underpressure cassette (14), the first dialysate outlet (31) of the conductivity cassette (13) is hydraulically connected by dialysate interconnection (35) to the dialysate inlet (38) of the underpressure cassette (14) and the deaeration outlet (32) of the conductivity cassette (13) is hydraulically connected through a deaeration interconnection (36) containing the second jet (37) with deaeration inlet (42) of the underpressure cassette (14).

Claim 10

Apparatus according to Claims 4 and 5 or Claim 8, characterised in that the blood cassette (15), underpressure cassette (14) and the conductivity cassette (13) are mutually interconnected by hydraulic interconnections (66) and together with low flow rate pumps (6) and pressure sensors (7) form a unit.

Claim 11

Apparatus according to Claims 1, 2 and 8, characterised in that the monitor (2) contains three basic units (1) to which is connected the hydroblock (3) for haemodialysis, that into the socket (8) of the hydroblock (3) of the first basic unit (1) is inserted the first connector of the conductivity cassette (13), which has the first outlet (22) connected to the pressure sensor (7) of the first basic unit (1), into the socket (8) for the hydroblock (3) of the second basic unit (1) is inserted the second connector (49) of the underpressure cassette (14), which has the second outlet (44) connected to the pressure sensor (7) of the basic unit (1), and into the socket (8) for the hydroblock (3) of the third basic unit (1) is inserted the third connectord (62) of the blood cassette (15) whose third output (56) is connected to the pressure sensor (7) of the third basic unit (1) while the concentrate inlet (18) of the conductivity cassette (13) is hydraulically interconnected through the throttle valve (9) of the first basic unit (1) to the container with concentrate, the first inlet (24) and the first outlet (25) ` of the high flow rate pump (5) are connected to the high flow rate pump (5) of the first basic unit (1), to the second dialysate output (39) and to the third dialysate output (43) of the underpressure cassette (14) is connected the dialysation part (50) of the dialyser (64), the second inlet (47) of the high flow rate pump (5) is connected to the high flow rate pump (5) of the second basic unit (1) through whose by-pass throttle valve (9) there are led the by-pass interconnection (34) and the dialysate interconnection (35), the second outlet (48) of the high flow rate pump (5) is led to the waste drain for the dialysate, to the third outlet (58) of the venose sac (54) of the blood cassette (15) there is the venose inlet (60) connected being led through the throttling valve (9) of the third basic unit (1) led to the patient, the second outlet (57) of the venose sac (54) of the blood cassette (15) is led through the blood part (63) of the dialyser (64) and the high flow rate pump (5) of the third basic unit (1) to the arterial inlet (61).

Claim 12

Apparatus according to Claims 1, 3 and 9 characterised in that the monitor (2) is composed of three basic units (1) upon which the hydroblock for haemodialysis (3) is slid so that into the socket (8) for h y droblock (3) of the first basic unit (1) is inserted the first connector (33), into the socket (8) for hydroblock (3) of the second basic unit (1) is inserted the second connector (49) and into the socket (8) for hydroblock (3) of the third basic unit (1) is inserted the third connector (62) while the inlet of the concentrate (18) of the conductivity cassette (13) is hydraulically interconnected through the throttle valve (9) of the first basic unit (1) to the container with the concentrate, the first inlet (24) and the first outlet (25) of the high flow rate pump (5) are interconnected to the high flow rate pump (5) of the first basic unit (1), to the second dialysate outlet (39) and the third dialysate outlet (43) of the underpressure cassette (14) is connected the dialysation part (50) of the dialyser (64), the second inlet (47) of the high flow rate pump (5) is connected to the high flow rate pump (5) of the second basic unit (1) through whose throttle valve (9) is led the by-pass interconnection (34) and the dialysate interconnection (35), the second outlet (48) of the high flow rate pump (5) is led into the waste outlet for the dialysate, the third outlet (58) of the venose sac (54) to the third output (58) of the venose sac (54) of the blood cassette (15) there is the venose inlet (60) connected leading through the throttling valve (9) of the third basic unit (1) to the patient.