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EP0162707A2 Expired / Lapsed EP ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

ROM protection scheme

Assignee: American Microsystems Holding Corp
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Filing: 1985-05-21
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2005-05-21
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Abstract

Abstract In order to protect, from unauthorised copying, computer code placed in internal circuitry in a computer, an encoding Exclusive-OR gate (23) is provided in the computer for each data transmission lead (8) from the respective circuitry. One input lead of each encoding Exclusive-OR gate is connected to the corresponding incoming data transmission lead (7) in order to receive data to be transmitted on accessible data lines. The other input lead of each encoding Exclusive-OR gate is connected via a code matrix (22) to a source (11) of a random M-bit binary number. The output signal provided by each Exclusive-OR gate (23) is the encoded data bit which Is applied to one of the accessible data lines (8). The encoded data is decoded by a circuit similar to the encoding circuit. In the decoding circuit a decoding Exclusive-OR gate (33) is provided for each data transmission lead (9). One input lead of each decoding Exclusive-OR gate (33) is connected to an incoming encoded data transmission lead (8). The other input lead to the decoding Exclusive-OR gate (33) is connected via a code matrix (32) which is similar to the code matrix (22) provided in the encoding circuit, to a source (II) of a random M-bit binary number, where the M-bit binary number is the same M-bit binary number provided in the encoding circuit. The output leads of the decoding Exclusive-OR gates (9) are the transmission lines which carry the decoded data. The encoding matrix (22, 32) and the random M-bit word are the same in the encoding and decoding circuit, so the data on the output leads of the Exclusive-OR gates is properly decoded. However, the data on bus lines running between integrated circuits, and which therefore may be intercepted through the use of logic probes, is in encoded form, thereby. substantially increasing the effort required to illicitly determine the data stored.

Inventors

  • 👤 Jerry R. Bauer

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction EP
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-30 07:34
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06F; G06F21/00; G06F21/70; G06F21/71; G06F21/72; G06F21/10; G06F21/101; G06F21/12; G06F21/121; G06F21/125; G06F2221/00; G06F2221/21; G06F2221/2107; Y; Y04; Y04S; Y04S40/00; Y04S40/20

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim 112 words
I. A method of encoding and decoding a data bit characterised by the steps of: encoding said data bit by combining said data bit with an encoding bit in an encoding Exclusive-OR gate, thereby providing on encoded data bit on the output lead of said Exclusive-OR gate; transmitting said encoded data bit on a data transmission lead; decoding said encoded data bit by combining said encoded data bit with a decoding bit in a decoding Exclusive-OR gate, thereby proving a decoded data bit on the output lead of said decoding Exclusive-OR gate; whereby said encoding bit and said decoding bit may be any logical state provided they are at all times identical.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 241 words
An encoding/decoding circuit having an input data bus comprised of N-data input lines, where N is any positive integer, characterised in that said circuit comprises: means for providing an M-bit encoding/decoding word, where M is any positive integer; a bank of N encoding Exclusive-OR gates, each of said encoding Exclusive-OR gates having a first input lead uniquely connected to one line of said input data bus, a second input lead uniquely connected to one bit of said M-bit encoding/decoding word, and having an output lead; an encoded data transmission bus comprised of N encoded data transmission lines, each said encoded data line uniquely connected to the output lead of Exclusive-OR gate of said bank of encoding Exclusive-OR gates; a bank of N decading Exclusive-OR gates, each of said decoding Exclusive-OR gates having a first Input lead uniquely connected to one of said encoded data transmission lines, a second input lead uniquely connected to one of said data bits of said M-bit encoding/decoding word, where said second input lead of each said decoding Exclusive-OR gate is connected to the same bit of said M-bit logical word as said second input lead of its associated one of said encoding Exclusive-OR gates, and each said decoding Exclusive-OR gate having an output lead; an output data bus comprised of N decoded data output lines, each said decoded output line being uniquely connected to one of said output leads of said bank of decoding Exclusive-OR gates.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 24 words
An encoding/decoding circuit as claimed in Claim 2 further characterised in that said means for providing an M-bit encoding/decoding word is on M-bit counter.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 25 words
An encoding/decoding circuit as claimed in Claim 2 further characterised in that said means of providing an M-bit encoding/decoding word is an M-bit pseudo-random counter.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 75 words
An encading/decoding circuit as claimed in Claim 2 further characterised in that said means for providing an M-bit encoding/decoding word is an M-bit pseudo-random counter having a logic gate which has at least one input lead connected to one or more of the output leads of selected bits of said pseudo-random counter and has at least one output lead connected to at least one of the input leads of the bits of said pseudo-random counter.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 248 words
An encoding/decoding circuit including an input data bus comprised of N-data input lines, where N is any positive integer, characterised in that said circuit comprises: means for providing an M-bit encoding word, where M is any positive integer; means for providing an M-bit decoding word; a bank of N encoding Exclusive-OR gates, each of said encoding Exclusive-OR gate having a first input lead uniquely connected to one line of said input data bus, a second input lead uniquely connected to one bit of said M-bit encoding word, and having an output lead; an encoded data transmission bus comprised of N encoded data transmission lines, each said encoded data line uniquely connected to the output lead one Exclusive-OR gate of said bank of encoding Exclusive-OR gates; a bank of N decoding Exclusive-OR gates, each said decoding Exclusive-OR gate having a first input lead uniquely connected to one of said encoded data transmission lines, a second input lead uniquely connected to one of said data bits of said M-bit decoding word, where said second input lead of each said decoding Exclusive-OR gate is connected to the same bit of said M-bit logical word as said second input lead of its associated one of said encoding Exclusive-OR gates, and each said decoding Exclusive-OR gate having an output lead; an output data bus comprised of N decoded data output lines, each said decoded output line being uniquely connected to one of said output leads of said bank of decoding Exclusive-OR gate banks.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 88 words
A circuit as claimed in Claim 6 further characterised in that: said means of producing an M-bit logical word is provided by an M-bit counter for each of said decoding and encoding Exclusive-OR gate banks wherein said counter is actuated by a logical input lead which is common to both of the counters provided; and that means are provided for ensuring that the M-bit logical word contained in the said M-bit counters for said first and second Exclusive-OR gate banks are inltiallsed to the same M-bit logical word.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 34 words
An encoding/decoding circuit as claimed in Claim 6 further characterised in that sold means for providing an M-bit encoding word and said means for providing an M-bit decoding word is an M-bit pseudo-random counter.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 84 words
An encoding/decoding circuit as claimed in Claim 6 further characterised in that said means for providing an M-bit encoding word and said means for providing an M-bit decoding word is an M-bit pseudo-random counter having a logic gate which has at least one input lead connected to at least one of the output leads of selected bits of said pseudo-random counter and has at least one output lead connected to one or more of the input leads of the bits of said pseudo-random counter.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 33 words
An encoding/decoding circuit as claimed in Claim 3 or Claim 7 further characterised in that said counter uses the chip enable lead of a microprocessor as the input signal which said counter counts.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 37 words
An encoding/decoding circuit as claimed in any of Claims 4, 5, 8 or 9 further characterised in that said pseudo-random counter uses the chip enable leod of a microprocessor as the input signal which said counter counts.

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