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EP0147666A2
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Method of converting a precursor ceramic solid into a solid ceramic hydronium conductor
Assignee: Canadian Patents and Development Ltd
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Filing: 1984-11-30
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2004-11-30
Abstract
Abstract A method of converting a feed solid polycrystalline of alumina into a hydronium conductor requires the preselection of an appropriate feed ceramic preferably with a chemical forumula; and with a t(S) of 0.37 ± 0.03 wherein The crystallographic lattice is altered by placing the solid feed ceramic in an ionic solution or melt containing two or more ionic species of different ionic radii; the composition of the melt or solution being written: M,, M 2 (M 3 ...) X where M, and M 2 (and M 3 etc.) are ions of dissimilar size and as examples sodium, potassium, lithium and hydronium ions. After a time the material is removed, washed and subjected to a field effect exchange whereby the desired hydronium conducting solid ceramic having the following chemical composition is achieved; where (a) (b) (c) = 0→I and a + b + c = I and Z is a stabilizer of the β" phase.
Inventors
- 👤 Patrick Stephen Nicholson
- 👤 Kimihiro Yamashita
- 👤 Michael Francis Bell
- 👤 Michael Sayer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 21:44
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/403; G01N27/406; G01N27/407; G01N27/4073; C; C01; C01F; C01F7/00; C01F7/02; C01F7/028; C04; C04B; C04B35/00; C04B35/01; C04B35/10; C04B35/111; C04B35/113; C04B41/00; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/01; G02F1/15; G02F1/1514; G02F1/1523; G02F1/1525; H; H01; H01B; H01B1/00; H01B1/06; H01B1/08; H01M; H01M10/00; H01M10/34; H01M10/345; H01M10/347; H01M6/00; H01M6/14; H01M6/18; H01M6/185; C01P; C01P2002/00; C01P2002/70; C01P2002/77; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
18 words
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
Claim 2
Independent Claim
91 words
A method of producing a solid polycrystalline a alumina ceramic that is conductive to H 3 0 + comprising the steps of; (a) selecting a sintered solid polycrystalline β alumina ceramic with f(β) = 0--0.55; (b) altering the ion distribution of the ceramic by tailoring the lattice size thereof to approximate 34.18+0.05Å; and, (c) immersing the resultant ceramic of step (b) in an acid; while, (d) passing an electrical charge of predetermined quantity through the ceramic whereby to displace certain ions within the ceramic with H 3 O + . wherein
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
51 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polycrystalline alumina ceramic selected in step (a) has the chemical formula; where Z may be occupied by a stabilizer of the β'' phase and where a = 0→1 b = 0→1 c = 0→1; and a + b + c = 1
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polycrystaline β alumina ceramic selected in step (a) has the chemical formula; (Na 0 . 6 K 0 .4) 2 O (3 w/o MgO) β/β M A1203
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a voltage greater than 0.1 volts, is employed in step (d).
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acid of step (c) is selected from the group of mineral and organic acids.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acid of step (c) is dilute sulfuric, or acetic.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the acid is dilute sulfuric with molar concentration 0.1 at room temperature.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method as claimed in claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein the dilute acid is held in the temperature range of between room temperature and approximately 80°C.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method a claimed in claim 5, wherein the acid is concentrated sulfuric acid at 300°C.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
61 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein step (b) includes; (i) selecting an ionic melt or solution containing two or more ionic species of different ionic radii; ii) immersing the selected alumina ceramic of step (a) into the ionic melt until a predetermined amount of cations in the ceramic are displaced by ions of dissimilar size from the ionic solution.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the ionic species of the ionic melt are selected from the group Na + , K + , Li + and H30+.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the polycrystalline ceramic selected has one or more cations selected from the group of Na + , K + , Li + .
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the ionic species are in solution with an anion which does not chemically attack β alumina and does not take part in the ion exchange process of step (b).
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein anions are selected from the group of Cl-, NO 3 - , SO 4 2 - and COOH- or mixtures thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
82 words
A solid ceramic conductor, of the hydrogen ion, being a solid polycrystalline, with the general formula; where Z may be occupied by a stabilizer of the β" phase and where a = 0→1 b = 0→1 c = 0→1; and a + b + c = 1 and possessing mobile hydrogen ions in its crystallographic structure that are adapted to move through the ceramic when influenced by an electrical gradient, or by chemically different solutions on opposite boundary surfaces of the ceramic.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
91 words
An active electrochemical element comprising a solid polycrystalline ceramic of the general formula; (H 3 O + /Na + b /K + c ) 2 O Z β/β"Al 2 O 3 whose conductivity to the H 3 0 + ion is in the range of 10 -1 to 10 -3 Ω -1 cm -1 at 300°C and its f(β) = 0→0.55 wherein Z is a predetermined stabilizer of the B" phase; and and where a = 0→1 b = 0→1 c = 0→1; and a + b + c = 1.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
The ceramic hydronium conductor as claimed in claim 15 or 16, wherein Z is a compound of magnesium.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
The compound as claimed in claim 15 or 16, wherein Z is magnesium oxide.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
69 words
A solid ceramic conductor, of the hydrogen ion, being a solid polycrystalline, with the general formula; where a = 0→1 b = 0→1 c = 0→1; and a + b + c = 1 and possessing mobile hydrogen ions in its crystallographic structure that are adapted to move through the ceramic when influenced by an electrical gradient, or by chemically different solutions on opposite boundary surfaces of the ceramic.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The compound as claimed in claim 19, wherein f(s) = 0.37+0.03 and
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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