Movement sensor

Claim 2

Movement sensor characterized as including a conductor body of the electricity which moves easily over a support which also has fixed elements of the electricity. When said mobile conductor body moves over said fixed conductor elements, successive electrical contacts are established. This concept permits establishing as many different switches as desired throughout the path of said mobile body. With the said body placed in a determined position and in an inoperative situation, the mobile conductor body will be positioned at a said support point which supposes a stabile equilibrium. In this situation, the mobile conductor body will seek a new stable position and travel a certain space throughout a curved path, closing switches as cited in its run. The fact that it closes switches at a determined point of the path does not indicate movement. The fact that it closes, at successive times, switches in different zones means that a displacement of the conductor body has been produced, that is, movement of the sensor. The distance between the zones wherein closing of the switches has been produced indicates amplitude of the movement. If the switches are regularly distributed in the path of the mobile body, the number of switches that have been closed at successive times indicates amplitude of the movement. If the support presents different curvature radii in different zones, a different sensitivity will correspond to each zone. With the mobile conductor in a zone of great curvature radius, a slight movement will produce a great displacement of the mobile body on the support and, consequently, the closing, at different times, of various switches. With the mobile conductor body in a zone of small curvature radius, an ample movement is necessary so that said mobile conductor body moves and closes, at successive times, several switches, thereby showing movement. In consequence, the large curvature radii of the support provide high sensitivity of the movements and, on the contrary, small curvature radii in the support imply low sensitivity in the detection of movements. Lastly, the time that transpires between the successive closings in two specific switches indicates the speed with which the movement is produced.

Claim 3

Movement sensor, as defined in claim 1 and further characterized as being formed by a conductor body of the electricity which moves easily, resting simultaneously on a guide and on a surface with conductor tracks of the electricity. When the mobile conductor body of the electricity rest simultaneously on two contiguous conductor tracks herein described, it closes the switch between them. For this reason, a pair of contiguous tracks constitute, conjunctively with the mobile conductor body, a switch. On the surface of the tracks are provided as many switches as desired, and placing pairs of contiguous tracks for each one of them will suffice. The aforesaid guide has the function of ensuring that the path to be followed by the mobile body is curved. The guide constitutes, as a whole, a closed line and has zones with different .curvature. In the zones with great curvature radius, a slight movement of the set supposes a large displacement of the mobile body. In the zones with small curvature radius, an ample movement will be necessary to produce a slight displacement of the mobile body. When the sensor is inoperative, the mobile body is in the lowest possible zone; it may be closing one of the aforesaid switches, but never two. When the sensor moves, the mobile conductor body is displaced, closing at different times various switches when it rests on successive pairs of conductor tracks. With this sensor, different sensitivity levels are obtained, due to different curvatures which the guide presents in its different zones: Large curvature radii offer high sensitivity, since a slight movement of the sensor produces the necessary displacement of the mobile body to close several switches. Small curvature radii of the aforesaid guide require ample movements in order produce the displacement of the mobile body necessary to close various switches.

Claim 4

Movement sensor, as defined in claims 1 and 2 and further characterized by switches of two types in regularly spaced sequences, and in which the time between closings, in the two different switches, indicates speed of the movement.

Claim 5

Movement sensor, as defined in claims 1 and 2 and further characterized by a mobile conductor body of the electricity which moves easily over a conductor track of the electricity which covers the whole surface on which said conductor body moves, except small fringes distributed regularly throughout the path of said mobile conductor body. In these small fringes have been provided fine tracks which are also conductors of the electricity and are isolated from the aforesaid base track. When the mobile conductor body rests on one of these fine tracks and on the base track simultaneously, it closes the circuit between them. These elements constitute, therefore a switch. As many switches and fine tracks have access to the path of the mobile body surrounded by the base track.

Claim 6

Movement sensor, as defined in claim 1 and further characterized by a base track provided with fine rectangular spaces regularly distributed throughout the path of the mobile conductor body. In these small fringes are fine conductor bars of the electricity which constitute, conjunctively with the base track and the mobile conductor body, as many switches as bars. The connection of these bars with the electronic circuits is made by means of conductor tracks on the other face of the support of the tracks connected to the previous ones by means of metallized drills or equivalent system.

Claim 7

Movement sensor, further characterized as interconnecting groups of bars or fine tracks as described in claims 4 and 5. In this manner, switches of the first type, of the second type, of the third type, etc., are obtained. Throughout the path of the mobile body is completed a sequence which has a switch of each type, and subsequently another new sequence is completed with another switch of each type, and so on. In this manner, an electronic monitoring element for each type of switch will suffice. All the switches of one type have their fine tracks in common and the base track as well. Similar evolutions of the mobile conductor body in different zones (sequences of switches) are picked up in the same manner by the electronic monitoring elements.

Claim 8

Movement sensor, as defined in claim 1 and further characterized by the fact that the switches which close the mobile conductor body when it moves over zones with conductor tracks nearby may be fitted out, or not, that is, whether or not the closing of this switch with the passage ot the conductor body over the corresponding tracks is picked up by the electronic circuits. When the switch is not fitted out, the passage of the conductor body over the corresponding tracks (closing of said switch) will not be picked up. By fitting out many switches, one close to the other, of the existent ones in the sensor, a slight movement will cause picking up closings in two or more switches, thus showing said movement; in this manner, a high sensitivity is obtained. By fitting out only switches that are sufficiently separated one from the other, an ample movement will be necessary to pick up the closing of two or more different switches, obtaining in this manner a low sensitivity.

Claim 9

Movement sensor, as defined in claim 1 and further characterized by a system of fitting out switches (the schematical representation of which is shown in figure 18) and which consists of: Two solid lines Jl which limit the path followed by the mobile conductor body J2; in this path are the tracks J3 and J4, one close to the other, between which there is normally no electrical contact. When the mobile conductor body passes over the zone where the tracks J3 and J4 are situated, it closes the circuit between them. The element J5 is able to pick up the passage of the mobile conductor body over the zone of tracks J3-J4 if, upon closing of this circuit, and proceeding from track J4, a determined electrical voltage (indicator voltage) reaches it. The switch J3-J4 is thus fitted out if an indicator voltage is provided in the element J4; in this case, the passage of the conductor body over the zone J3-J4 will be picked up by the element J5 when the indicator voltage, proceeding from the element J4, reaches it. The switch J3-J4 will not be considered fitted out if the indicator voltage is not provided in track J4; in this case, even though the conductor body passes over the zone J3-J4, the element J5 will not pick up this fact since the indicator voltage does not reach the element J5.

Claim 10

Movement sensor, as defined in claim 1 and further characterized by two tracks K and L (figure 19) which incide alternately in the path of the mobile body. These tracks, conjunctively with the tracks close to them (Ml and M2 in our example) form a sequence of switches that can be fitted out. The switches formed by the track K and nearby tracks to be fitted out will be called "type K switches". The switches formed by the track L and nearby tracks to be fitted out will be called "type L switches". Throughout the path, type K and L switches are provided alternately and in regular space. The indicator voltage reaches track K when the mobile conductor body passes over a fitted out type K switch. The indicator voltage reaches track L when the mobile conductor body passes over a fitted out type L switch. For low sensitivity, a few alternate type K and type L switches are fitted out, regularly distributed and widely spaced out one with the other. An ample movement of the mobile conductor body will be required to enable it to travel the space between the fitted out contiguous switches, thus bringing the indicator voltage to tracks K and L. The fact that the indicator voltage reaches tracks K and L at successive times is a clear indication of movement. If a higher sensitivity is desired, more type K and L switches are then fitted out in order to provide a new alternate and regularly spaced out sequence of switches of both types. In this case, a lesser displacement of the mobile conductor body will be required so that the indicator voltage reaches tracks K and L at successive times. Maximum sensitivity will be obtained when all of the switches are fitted out.

Claim 11

Movement sensor, as defined in claim 1 and further characterized by some guides made of conductor material of the electricity (N2 in our example), some insulating surfaces with conductor tracks (N3 in our example) and a conductor body (N1 in our example). This conductor body moves easily by resting on a surface with tracks and a guide. This surface and guide compel the conductor body to follow a curved path in its movement. If the set is inoperative, the conductor body will be positioned in the lowest possible place. In this situation, said conductor body may be electrically connecting the guide on which it rests with one of the surface tracks, but never with two (the tracks are sufficiently separated to ensure that this does not happen). If the set moves, the conductor body, during its travel, will put the guide in contact with successive tracks at successive times. This fact is easily recognizable by electrical means and constitutes a clear indication that a movement has been produced. As many tracks as desired, and possible, will be provided on the surface. If it is desired to pick up very slight movements, many tracks, very close one to the other, will be monitored by electrical means. The fact that contact with the guide is produced (through the conductor body) in two tracks, at least, will be an indication of movement. If it is desired to pick up only ample movements, tracks separated from each other will be monitored by electrical means. The fact that contact with the guide is produced (through the conductor body) in two of these tracks, will indicate that movement has been produced, in this case an ample movement.

Claim 12

Movement sensor, as defined in claim 1 and further characterized by a manner of distributing and using the tracks cited on claim 10 which is described as follows: Figure 26 shows how the conductor tracks are distributed throughout the path of the conductor body. A group of tracks (ten in our example) incide successively in the zone where the conductor body moves, forming a regularly spaced structure and which is repeated throughout said zone. The dotted.lines N2 delimit the zone in which the conductor body will move. It is seen that the drawing of the tracks may be repeated as many times as desired in order to cover the whole path which the conductor body must follow. If it is desired to pick up only ample movements, tracks O and P, which are the most widely separated ones between each other, will be monitored electrically. The conductor body will have to travel the distance between O and P to put the guide in contact with both tracks (at different times, of course), thereby producing the corresponding indication of movement. If a higher sensitivity is desired, the new tracks O1 and P1, interlayed between the previous O and P, will be used. The previous existent space between O and P )O-P) is now distributed in three equal spaces between each other (O-P1-O1-P). The sequence of useful tracks which the conductor body found in its previous path was: O-P-O-P...., whereas now it is O-P1-O1-P-O1-P1-O-P1-O1-P-.... (see figure 26). To pick up movements now the type 0 (0 and Ol) tracks are monitored, on the one hand, and, on the other, the type P (P and Pl) tracks. The conductor body will have to travel the distance between a type 0 (0 and 01) track and another type P (p and Pl) track to put in contact the guide with a track of each type and thus produce indication of the corresponding movement. In this case, the distance to be travelled is one-third of what was previously necessary, whereby the sensitivity has increased. For this reason, two new tracks between every two former ones, will be used, distributing the available space in three equal parts; each one of the new tracks is connected to the farthest one of the previous tracks and thereby obtain a new situation of greater sensitivity. In this new layout, tje travel necessary to produce indication of movement has been divided again by three. This procedure may be repeated successively, obtaining new levels of higher sensitivity.

Claim 13

Movement sensor, as defined in claim 1 and further characterized as using a tridimensionally curved surface as support of the mobile conductor body (cylindrical, spherical, parabolic, etc. suface). In it, there are conductor tracks of the electricity normally insulated one with the other. On this surface with tracks is displaced with great ease a mobile conductor body. When the mobile conductor body rests on two adjacent tracks simultaneously, it closes the circuit between them. The mechanism constitutes a switch. The zone where the mechanism of the closing of an interruptor is produced is the line in which two conductor tracks are nearby; these zones will be called "switch lines". On the support surface may be established the desired switch lines. To avoid having to monitor a large number of switches, a group of similar switch lines are prepared in different zones of the support surface; these groups will be called "monitoring zones". The switches corresponding to lines with similar position in each group are all connected to the same monitoring electronic element (Qll, Q21, Q31, Q41 in figure 30). In this manner, with a reduced number of monitoring electronic elements (four in our example), the whole surface is controlled. Whatever the monitoring zone in which the conductor body moves, similar movements will produce similar effects in the monitoring electronic elements. These monitoring elements can tell the amplitude and speed of the movement within a zone by observing which type of switch lines the mobile body has crossed and the speed with which it has travelled from line to line.

Claim 14

Movement sensor, as defined in claims 1 to 12 and further characterized by hexagonal monitoring zones forming a geometric structure similar to the honeycomb of a beehive. In each monitoring zone are concentric hexagonal and regularly distributed switch lines (Ol to 04 in figure 29). When the conductor body moves in any direction, starting from a home position, it always comes across switch lines, perpendicularly to its path, which will put the movement in evidence.

Claim 15

Movement sensor, as defined in claim 1 and further characterized by a conductor body of the electricity, inter-insulated and forming a mosaic which completely covers the possible paths of the mobile conductor body. This mobile conductor body receives electrical voltage by means of a line or surface of conductor material of the electricity on which it rests when it moves. The movements of the mobile conductor body supposes openings and closings of the contacts of the line or surface with with successsive tracks. This permits installing this set in monitoring lines. With the aforesaid set placed on the object to be protected, the conductor body will be positioned in a place which supposes a stable equili - brum. In this situation, it will be transmitting the aforesaid voltage it receives to the track on which it rests, or two of them if it is on the separation line of these. To install this sensor in a monitoring circuit with normally closed switches and series connected, a terminal is connected to the wire, line or surface which feeds voltage to the mobile body. The other terminal is connected to the track on which the mobile body is. A normally closed switch is obtained between these terminals, which will form part of the monitoring line. If a monvement is produced, the mobile conductor body will move and position itself on other tracks. With this, the switch opens between the aforementioned terminals. If it is desired to detect only ample movements, several tracks, which surround the one supporting the mobile body, will be connected to the same terminal as the latter. In this manner, a more ample movement is needed to bring the mobile body out of the zone with tracks connected to said terminal, and with it, open the circuit. The greater the number of tracks connected to the terminal of the track which has the conductor body, the greater will be the movement necessary to produce the opening of the circuit, and the lesser the sensitivity. On the other hand, it is possible to install this same set in a monitoring system with normally open switches. In this respect, a terminal is connected to the line or surface which feeds voltage to the mobile conductor body. The other terminal is connected to all the tracks which surround the mobile body at a determined distance. A normally open switch is obtained from among these terminals. If a movement is produced, the mobile conductor body moves over the tracks and reaches the tracks connected to the aforesaid terminal, thereby closing the circuit between terminals. By using tracks at different distances from the mobile body connected to the terminal, different sensitivities may be obtained, that is, pick up movements of a minimum amplitude to be selected. To reduce the number of connections of this sensor with the exterior, the tracks are classified in groups of tracks close to each other. Each connection to the exterior will be in contact with a track of each group. All of these interconnected tracks, and connected with the exterior, are in a similar position within the corresponding group. In this manner, as many exterior connections as the tracks in each group are thus obtained, and a connection for each track will not be necessary.

Claim 16

Complement for movement sensors, which permit constructing the container which houses the mobile conductor body and the conductor tracks of the electricity on which, when the said mobile body moves, produces the indication of the alarm. This container consists of a concave body 80 which adheres to the printed circuit 85 which has the aforesaid conductor tracks, and outside the container, the electronic components necessary for the operation of the device. Said concave piece 80 has a curved and closed guide 82 on which the mobile conductor body rests when it moves on the tracks. On the other hand, said concave piece 80 also has cavities such.as 84 in figure 40 or like 103 in figure 52, whose function is to keep the mobile conductor body far from the conductor tracks if it is desired. This container also has some conductor bars of the electricity 91 and 92 perpendicular to the printed circuit in the center of the container which end in an insulating piece 88. Between every two contiguous bars there is normally no electrical contact. When a brusque movement is produced on the sensor, the metallic sphere will jump and touch two contiguous bars, thereby closing the circuit between the alarm in motion. The circular piece 93 at the feet of the bars keeps the conductor sphere, in normal movements, from touching the bars 91 and 92. The function of the element 88 at the end of the bars is to keep the mobile conductor body from leaving the cavity 84 due to a brusque jump, but allows it however to leave, rolling over the walls of the cavity.

Claim 17

Complement for movement sensors, which permit constructing the container which houses the mobile conductor body and the conductor tracks of the electricity on which, when the said mobile body moves, produces the indication of the alarm. This container consists of a concave body 80 which adheres to the printed circuit 85 which has the aforesaid conductor tracks, and outside the container, the electronic components necessary for the operation of the device. Said concave piece 80 has a curved and closed guide 82 on which the mobile conductor body rests when it moves on the tracks. On the other hand, said concave piece 80 also has cavities such.as 84 in figure 40 or like 103 in figure 52, whose function is to keep the mobile conductor body far from the conductor tracks if it is desired. This container also has some conductor bars of the electricity 91 and 92 perpendicular to the printed circuit in the center of the container which end in an insulating piece 88. Between every two contiguous bars there is normally no electrical contact. When a brusque movement is produced on the sensor, the metallic sphere will jump and touch two contiguous bars, thereby closing the circuit between the alarm in motion. The circular piece 93 at the feet of the bars keeps the conductor sphere, in normal movements, from touching the bars 91 and 92. The function of the element 88 at the end of the bars is to keep the mobile conductor body from leaving the cavity 84 due to a brusque jump, but allows it however to leave, rolling over the walls of the cavity.

Claim 18

Electronic analyzer for movement sensors of the type described in the previous claims, which is characterized as being able to interprete the signals from said sensor, indicating when any movement is produced starting from the monitoring starting position. This electronic circuit assigns to each one of the aforesaid switches a bistable. It suffices to have two types of switches (A and B in our example) and two bistables associated to them (E2 and E3 in our example). In a monitoring state, the closing of one of the aforesaid switches causes activation of the bistable which corresponds to ir. All the outlets of the bistables are connected to an electronic element capable of detecting the fact that there are two activated bistables. This fact implies that the mobile conductor body has moved on the tracks, producing closings in two different switches. When said electronic element (E4 in our example) picks up this situation, it will operate the warning mechanism herein provided (in our example a siren which actuates during a determined time). The bistables associated to the switches (E2 and E3) are connected to another element (E9) which deactivates them at the start of monitoring and after having put in evidence a movement. The action of the switches of the sensor on the associated bistables (El and E2) may be controlled by means of sensitivity bistables (Sl S2 and S3 in our example). If only bistable Sl is activated, only switches sufficiently separated one from the other will actuate on the associated bistables (E2 and E3). If Sl and S2 are activated, there will be more switches which actuate on the associated bistables, thus obtaining a higher sensitivity. With the bistables Sl S2 and S3 activated, an even higher sensitivity is obtained. The manner of actuating the sensitivity (Sl, S2 and S3), in this case, is by controlling the passage of the activator voltage to the associated bistables to the switches (E2 and E3). This control may be carried out before said voltage reaches the sensor (this way it is done in the case described in section 3) or after said activator voltage has passed the sensor (this is the way it is done in the case described in section 4).

Claim 19

Electronic analyzer for movement sensors of the type among those described in claims 1 to 15, which is capable of interpreting the signals which are produced in the sensor and picking up the situations of violent movement to put them in evidence. This circuit has a monostable which is activated when one of the aforesaid switches closes, and remains activated for an adequate time. Subsequently, and if the sensor is in movement, the other switch contiguous to the previous one will close. If this occurs right away, the monostable will still remain activated. An adequate electronic element, which may be a logical gate, picks up this situation whereby the new switch closes when the monostable is still activated (situation which corresponds to a violent movement). Once this situation has been detected, this electronic element sets the alarm mechanisms herein provided in motion.

Claim 20

Electronic analyzer for movement sensors of the type among those described in claims 1 to'15, and characterized as being able to distinguish between movements of different amplitude, whereby each switch connects to a bistable. In a monitoring situation, the closing of a switch produces the activation of the corresponding bistable. The number of activated bistables indicates the amplitude of the movement produced. A decoder indicates, when the movement is produced, how many bistables are activated, that is, the exact amplitude of the movement in question. By means of sensitivity bistables (Sl, S2 and S3), passage of the signals indicating movement to the response mechanisms (a siren in our example) is controlled. If the bistable Sl is activated, the indications of the decoder corresponding to very ample movements will activate the warning mechanisms (many bistables associated to activate switches). If Sl and S2 are activated, the previous signals from the decoder and also others corresponding to less ample movements will activate the warning mechanisms, having then a higher sensitivity. With Sl, S2 and S3 activated, a far greater sensitivity will be obtained.

Claim 21

Alarm system based on the sensor concept described in claim 1 and subsequent ones, and characterized by three essential elements: A box which contains an alarm which puts in evidence, by means of accoustic signals, the position changes of said box. Another element is a control device of the alarm circuits (for example a keyboard). The third element is a flexible cable with the necessary connections between the control device and the body of the alarm. This set is autonomous and is used by simply placing it inside or on the object to be protected, leaving the control device in an accessible place. Once the alarm is activated by means of this control device, any change in the position of the object, and therefore of the alarm, will cause the siren to sound. The fact of having the control device at the end of the flexible cable permits activating and deactivating the alarm without moving the box, that is, without provoking false alarms. This fact also permits leaving the alarm inside a satchel and keeping the control device outside in order to activate or deactivate it. Lastly, the box of this alarm system has a threaded orifice (53 in fig. 45) which permits establishing highly varied securings of this alarm to the objects to be protected.

Claim 22

Electronic circuit adequate for the portable alarm system as defined in claim 19, which is characterized as having the following elements: A keyboard and adequate electronic circuits which permit control of the alarm by means of pulsations on said keyboard. Another element is a control circuit based on a bistable and a delay element the states of which correspond to a monitoring and inoperative situation. The delay element ensures that the passage to a monitoring situation is delayed in determined elements. Another element is the movement sensor with its corresponding electronic analyzer. Sensitivity bistables are also provided the different states of which permit obtaining different sensitivities of the movement sensor. Other conventional elements are also provided for picking up incidences. The alarm indicator element is a siren with its corresponding timer. This siren is activated immediately by some sensors or after a prealarm in the case of others. The accoustic device is used for three functions: One as prealarm buzzer, another as siren and the third to produce a sound impulse upon actuating a pulsator of the keyboard. Lastly, a self-feeding supplementary siren may be connected to this electronic circuit by means of a two-wire connection.

Claim 23

Electronic circuit for analyzing the combinations pressed on the keyboard, according to claim 20, which is characterized by various bistables (in our example two). Activation and deactivation of the bistables is carried out from the keyboard but with determined conditions. The bistables can be activated only up to the last one in a determined order. Once the last one is activated, all the previous ones are deactivated. In this situation (only the last one is activated) there is a possibility of control on the internal circuits (activate the alarm, deactivate it, select sensitivity, etc.). Each order to be transmitted to the interior will have an assigned impulse starter. The signals proceeding from this pulsator will reach their destination only if the bistables are in a situation to permit the control (only the last one activated). This control situation is maintained during a certain time, after which (controlled by a timer element) the last bistable is deactivated and the possibility of control on the interior finishes. One or various pulsators are also provided, which directly deactivate the last bistable, thereby cancelling what has been done in previous pulsations in the sense of obtaining control access.

Claim 24

Electronic circuit for the alarm according to claim 20, which is characterized by a bistable and a delay element. One state of the bistable corresponds to a monitoring situation and the other to an inoperative situation. The sensors receive indication of the state of this bistable and, in consequence, warn of possible incidences (monitoring state) or do not warn (inoperative state). The transmission lines which lead to the siren to produce its activation are also controlled by this bistable. In an inoperative state, the signals which tend to activate the siren are blocked before reaching the latter Determined elements of activation of the alarm are not controlled by this bistable, this deals whith emergency, anti-robbery, etc. devices, which have to actuate in any state of the alarm. The delay element which accompanies the control bistable and has been cited hereinabove serves a purpose so that the indication of a monitoring situation arrives some time after the corresponding order has been produced, to determined sensor and control elements for passage of signals. The purpose of this delay is so that the user, after putting the alarm in monitoring state, may go across the field protected by these sensors, without producing an alarm.

Claim 25

Electronic circuit for alarm systems as defind in claim 20, and which is characterized by a siren timer. This siren timer consists of the elements which have the letter U in figure 43. Its basic advantage is that, in a normal situation, the elctrolyte condenser U5 is charged, whereby it does not lose its characteristics. The alarm time starts with activation of the bistable U. When this is produced, the condenser U5 starts discharging through the resistance U2. The duration of this discharge is what provides the siren timing. With this discharge completes and through the delay element U7, U8, deactivation of the bistable Ul is produced. With it, the condenser U5 recharges, rapidly this time, through the diode U3 and the resistance U4 (of a much lesser value than U2). In this manner, the set readies rapidly for a new maneuver. The delay set U7-U8 serves so that, having a permanent alarm signal at the inlet of Ul, there is time for the condenser U5 to recharge before starting a new cycle.

Claim 26

' 24. Electronic circuit for alarm system as defined in claim 20, which is characterized as using the loudspeaker for three uses: One is the normal use of the siren. Another is the prealarm buzzer. The third is to provide a sound impulse when an effective pulsation is produced on the touch keyboard. The prealarm sound and the indications of pulsation have a small and adjustable sound intensity by means of values selected for 46 and 36. The siren sound is, however, of great intensity. Both the pulsation and prealarm indicator impulses operate the signal generator 45. The siren signals reach 35. The set 36, 47 and 46 reduce the voltage of the signals proceeding from 45 before applying them to the base of the transistor 48. This supposes a lesser sound intensity in the loudspeaker. This set, thanks to the diode, does not reduce the voltage of the signals proceeding from 35 (siren) in applying them to the base of the transistor 48, thereby producing a highly intense accoustic signal.

Claim 27

Alarm system as defined in claims 19 an 20 and further characterized by a touch keyboard consisting of metallic tracks on a non-conductor support. A track (74 in fig. 48) common to all the switches, which surrounds the whole keyboard, is provided, and independent tracks (like 72 in fig. 48) which go downwardly from the connections (75 in fig. 48) through the center of the keyboard. Each pulsator is formed by an independent track and the common track. Actuating the pulsator consists in touching both tracks simultaneously with the finger, thereby producing a reduction of the resistance between them. In the keyboard is also provided a spring (70 in figure 49) which keeps a circuit (76 in figure 48) normally closed. In case of emergency situation the spring 70 is removed from its place, the circuit 76 is opened and the siren immediately starts operating.

Claim 28

Alarm system as defined in claim 20, which may have connected, by means of two conductor wires, a supplementary siren, this coupling thus being characterized as being consituted by two electric cables. One of them puts in common the masses of the main alarm and the controller of the secondary siren. The other cable is maintained by the main alarm normally at logical level one. Only in case of intrusion in a monitoring state does the main alarm adjust this last connecting cable to zero level. The electric current which, proceeding from the main alarm, passes through the resistances Z2 and Z3 of protection and the cable Z9 is mass carried through another resistance of a value far superior to the sum of the protective resistances. In this manner, in the upper part of said resistance Z4 remains the logical level one which comes out of the main alarm. To this upper part of the resistance Z4 is connected a device which activates a siren if said upper part of the resistance Z4 drops to zero logical level. In case of intrusion the main alarm adjusts the connection Z9 (control cable) to zero and in the upper point of the resistance Z4 we will also have a zero logical level; in consequence, and while this lasts, the auxiliary siren will be sounding. If someone cuts the control cable Z9, the upper end of the resistance Z4 adjusts to a zero logical level through the latter and the auxiliary siren is activated. If the connecting cables Z9 and Z10 shortcircuit, the upper end of the resistance Z4 also adjusts to zero and, with it, the siren is activated.

Claim 29

Alarm system as defined in claim 19 and further characterized by a securing system which basically consists of a threaded orifice (53 in fig. 45, 46 and 47) which permits establishing, among others, the following types of securing: Securing of the alarm to a suitcase (fig. 46). 53 is the threaded orifice in which is inserted the threaded rod 55. This rod has a needle (56) which is driven into the leather of the suitcase 58. The needle 56 has an eye in which a pin (57) is inserted to keep said needle from being extracted. In short, to release the alarm, the suitcase has to be opened. Securing of the alarm to a door without drilling in a visible place (fig, 47). The square 61 has a threaded rod 63 in which the alarm is placed. On the other hand, said square is screwed to the door at the upper part (screw 59) at a place which is not visible. The element 62 is a magnetic sensor connected to the alarm. The element 60, in the doorframe, is the magnet necessary for operation of the sensor.

Claim 30

Alarm system, based on the sensor concept described in claim 1 and further characterized by a sensor device which translates the position changes starting from any home position in an electrical impulse of determined duration. This sensor device has a control which permits selecting the minimum amplitude of the position change the detection of which is desired. The electric signal proceeding from this sensor actuates on a power phase which causes the situation of a relay to change during the time the impulse lasts. The relay contacts which were previously open, during the impulse will be closed. The contacts which were previously closed during the impulse, will be open. This permits incorporating the relay, and with the sensor, in a normally open or normally closed monitoring line, such as are used in alarm systems. The feeding of this device may be incorporated in it or receive it through the installation lines or incorporating a rechargeable battery-maintained through the installation lines.

Claim 31

Alarm system, based on the sensor concept described in claim 1, characterized by placing in objects, drawers, etc. movement sensors which do not require levelling and which have selectable sensitivity by means of a control. Whatever the starting position of this sensor, it picks up a change of said position. With the sensor is also provided a radio transmitter. When a position change is produced, the sensor indicates it to the transmitter, and the latter sends a signal to the monitoring central. The transmitter has a control which permits, among several, signals to be transmitted. Each signal supposes a different order to the monitoring central. If this central is activated, it picks up the signal proceeding from the sensor that it had moved, interprets it and, by means of an adequate control link, causes the mechanism to actuate corresponding to the type of signal received. The central may be kept in a partial monitoring state. In this situation, only the desired mechanisms operate when the corresponding signal arrives. The control link in the rest of the mechanisms is blocked so that, even though signals of the corresponding type are produced, these will not be able to operate the specified mechanism.