Patent EP0090450A1 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
EP0090450A1
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EP
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Fluidized-bed reactor for purification of waste water
Assignee: Gist-Brocades Nv En Biothane Systems Internation
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Filing: 1983-03-15
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2003-03-15
Abstract
Abstract There is disclosed a one-unit fluidized-bed reactor for purification of waste water by means of biomass attached to carrier particles, comprising above the bottom of the reaction space a liquid distribution device (2), suited in particular for introduction of waste water in wide reactors achieving uniform fluidisation therein, consisting of a number of substantially horizontal pipes each of them having in the under-surface a number of regularly distributed openings for downward introduction of the liquid, and on top of the reaction space (1) united therewith a multifunctional separation compartment (3) for complete separation of the gas-liquid-solids mixture leaving the reactions space and for complete return of attached biomass into the reaction space. The separation compartment is construction-wise adaptable to treatments involving large or small gas fractions in reactors of varying width. The reactors are particularly suited for biological processes involving complete and firm attachment of biomass to carrier without undue surplus accretion of biomass.
Inventors
- 👤 Joseph Johannes Heijnen
- 👤 Pieter Adriaan Lourens
- 👤 Albertus Jacobus Vixseboxse
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 15:54
CPC Classifications
C; C02; C02F; C02F3/00; C02F3/02; C02F3/08; C02F3/085; B; B01; B01J; B01J8/00; B01J8/18; B01J8/20; C02F3/28; C02F3/2806; Y; Y02; Y02W; Y02W10/00; Y02W10/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
392 words
Fluidized-bed reactor for purification of waste water by means of biomass attached to carrier particles, comprising above the bottom of the reaction space a liquid distribution device for the introduction of waste water, and having arranged on top of the reaction space a separation compartment for separation of carrier particles overgrown with biomass from the liquid-gas-solids mixture after its upward passage through the reaction space and for separation and accumulation of remaining gas or of gas formed during biological waste water treatment, said separation compartment comprising a space for collection and accumulation of gas remaining or formed provided with a gas outlet and a settling zone adapted with, an opening for the entrance of the liquid-solids mixture, a channel for the return of settled overgrown particles into the reaction space, a weir for the transport of liquid treated biologically into a space provided with a liquid discharge and a liquid recycling line, in such a manner that the liquid distribution device (2) consists of a number of substantially horizontal pipes, each of them having in the under-surface a number of regularly distributed openings of equal diameter for downward-directed introduction of waste water, the total area of openings per square meter of the cross section of the reaction space (1) being a function of the operational parameters, while the separation compartment (3) comprises a central channel (4) having a maximal diameter not greater than the diameter (D l ) of the reaction space (1), which channel is at the underside accessable for at least the gas fraction of the mixture leaving the oxidation space and debouches at the upperside into the gas collection and accumulation space (5) of which the gas outlet (6) is adapted with a valve to enable generation of at most 1 atmosphere overpressure in the gas collection and accumulation space, whereby, the settling zone (7) is arranged concentrically around the channel (4), the gas collection and accumulation zone is extended over at least a part of the settling zone (7), and the settling zone (7) is connected at the upperside by means of a weir (8) with a concentrically around the settling zone (7) arranged liquid collection space (9) for the liquid treated biologically and at the underside with the reaction space (1) via a channel (18) for external or internal return of settled carrier particles overgrown with biomass.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
392 words
Fluidized-bed reactor for purification of waste water by means of biomass attached to carrier particles, comprising above the bottom of the reaction space a liquid distribution device for the introduction of waste water, and having arranged on top of the reaction space a separation compartment for separation of carrier particles overgrown with biomass from the liquid-gas-solids mixture after its upward passage through the reaction space and for separation and accumulation of remaining gas or of gas formed during biological waste water treatment, said separation compartment comprising a space for collection and accumulation of gas remaining or formed provided with a gas outlet and a settling zone adapted with, an opening for the entrance of the liquid-solids mixture, a channel for the return of settled overgrown particles into the reaction space, a weir for the transport of liquid treated biologically into a space provided with a liquid discharge and a liquid recycling line, in such a manner that the liquid distribution device (2) consists of a number of substantially horizontal pipes, each of them having in the under-surface a number of regularly distributed openings of equal diameter for downward-directed introduction of waste water, the total area of openings per square meter of the cross section of the reaction space (1) being a function of the operational parameters, while the separation compartment (3) comprises a central channel (4) having a maximal diameter not greater than the diameter (D l ) of the reaction space (1), which channel is at the underside accessable for at least the gas fraction of the mixture leaving the oxidation space and debouches at the upperside into the gas collection and accumulation space (5) of which the gas outlet (6) is adapted with a valve to enable generation of at most 1 atmosphere overpressure in the gas collection and accumulation space, whereby, the settling zone (7) is arranged concentrically around the channel (4), the gas collection and accumulation zone is extended over at least a part of the settling zone (7), and the settling zone (7) is connected at the upperside by means of a weir (8) with a concentrically around the settling zone (7) arranged liquid collection space (9) for the liquid treated biologically and at the underside with the reaction space (1) via a channel (18) for external or internal return of settled carrier particles overgrown with biomass.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the height (H 1 ) and the diameter (D l ) of the reaction space (1) are mutually related by
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that for application on industrial scale using reactors of large diameter the relation between the height and the diameter of the reaction space is given by
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
36 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the bottom of the reaction space and the openings through which the liquid enters the fluidized-bed in downward direction is 10 to 300 cm.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that the distance between the bottom and the openings is 20 to 200 cm.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the downward-directed openings of the liquid distribution device are in the form of erosion-resistant nozzles.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
40 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the total area of the openings in the under-surface of the liquid distribution device is 15 to 200 square centimeter per square meter of the cross section of the reaction space.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
37 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claims 1 and 7, characterized in that in the liquid distribution device the substantially horizontal pipes are equidistant and the openings in the under-surface of these pipes are equidistant in the pipe direction.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
61 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that of the liquid distribution device, the number of the substantially horizontal pipes is 1.5 to 4 per meter of the diameter (D 1 ) of the reaction space, the diameter of these pipes is 2 to 15 cm, and the mutual distance (L 5 ) between them is 25 to 100 cm.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
68 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that the total number of openings in the under-surface of the liquid distribution devices is 2.5 to 15 per square meter of the area of the cross section of the reaction space, the mutual distance (L 4 ) between them in the pipe direction is 25 to 75 cm, and the diameter of the openings is 0.5 to 3 cm.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
69 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel (4) is cylindriform, and the gas collection and accumulation space (5) is provided with a dome-shaped hood (12) placed over channel (4), the downward-directed section of which hood is extended to within the settling zone (7) to a level lower than the level of the weir (8) but higher than the oblique bottom of the settling zone (7).
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
139 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 11, characterized in that the diameter of the channel (4) is 0.5 to 0.8 times the diameter of the reaction space, the height (H 2 ) of the annular cleft (13) is 0.05 to 0.3 times the height (H 1 ) of the reaction space, the cross sectional area (A4) of the settling zone (7) is 0.5 to 3 times the cross sectional area (A 1 ) of the reaction space, and the diameter of the dome- shaped hood (12) is such that the mixture of liquid and biomass attached to carrier particles flows with a velocity not greater than 5 cm per second into the settling zone (7) via in succession the channel (4) and the annular cleft (13) between the dome-shaped hood (12) and the outer wall of the cylindriform channel (4).
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
114 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the return of settled carrier particles overgrown with biomass takes place in the lower part of the reaction space (1) above the substantially horizontal pipes of the liquid distribution device by means of a channel (18), which consists of, either one or more conduit-pipes (14) externally placed along the outer wall of the reaction space starting from the bottom of the settling zone (7) and debouching in holes in the wall of the reaction space, or an internal peripheral cleft (14A) terminating just above a peripheral triangular ledge (25) of small horizontal diameter as compared with the diameter (D l ) of the reaction space.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
34 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that the total height (H S ) of the separation compartment (3) is 0.1 to 0.6 times the height (H 1 ) of the reaction space.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
47 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel (4) of the separation compartment (3) consists of a truncated cone-shaped part (16) faced with its base towards the reaction space, and a relatively shorter cylindriform part (17) connected with the truncated top of the cone.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
76 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 15, characterized in that the truncated cone-shaped part (16) of channel (4) is separated at its base from the roof (19) of the reaction space by channel (18) of annular construction, which channel brings about communication between the reaction space and the settling zone (7) for the upward passage of the mixture of liquid and carrier particles overgrown with biomass and the downward passage of settled carrier particles overgrown with biomass.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
104 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 16, characterized in that in order to direct gas leaving the reaction space into the channel (4), the difference (L 2 ) between the radii of the cross sectional area (A 7 ) of the base of the cone-shaped part (16) and the cross sectional area (A 6 ) of the upperside of the roof (19) of the reaction space (1) is at least 0.05 times the distance (L 1 ) between the base of the cone-shaped part (16) and the roof (19), whereby the radius of (A 7 ) is greater than the radius of (A 6 ).
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
51 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 17, characterized in that the difference (L 2 ) between the radii of the area's (A 7 ) and (A 6 ) is 0.15 to 0.8 times the distance (L 1 ) between the base of the cone-shaped part (16) and the upperside of roof (19).
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
42 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 15, characterized in that the cross sectional area (A 2 ) of the cylindriform part (17) of channel (4) is such that the gas velocity in this part (17) is not greater than 10 cm per second.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
37 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 15, characterized in that the length (H 4 ) of the cylindriform part (17) of channel (4) is 0.05 to 0.2 times the height (H 3 ) of the settling zone (7).
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
32 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claims 16, characterized in that the bottom of the settling zone (7) is oblique and as such is formed by the truncated cone-shaped part (16) of channel (4).
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
35 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 16, characterized in that the cross sectional area (A3) of the settling zone (7) is 0.4 to 3 times the cross sectional area (A 1 ) of the reaction space.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
50 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 15, characterized in that the diameter of the cross sectional area (A 6 ) of the upperside of the roof (19) of the reaction space (1) is 0.5 to 0.9 times the diameter of the cross sectional area (A 1 ) of the reaction space.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
34 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to claim 15, characterized in that the total height (H 5 ) of the separation compartment (3) is 0.4 to 2 times the diameter (D 1 ) of the reaction space.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
109 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to one of the preceeding claims, characterized in that the admixture of treated waste water with yet untreated waste water takes place in the liquid collection space (9) with the help of a vertical baffle (22) dividing this collection space in two parts, whereby the inlet (23A) for untreated waste water as well as the outlet (24) for the mixture of treated and untreated waste water to be introduced in the reaction space by pumping are adjusted close by the one side of the baffle, while the discharge (10) for the removal of treated waste water is situated close by the other side of the baffle.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
29 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to one of the preceeding claims, characterized in that the angle of inclination (d) of the bottom of the settling zone (7) is at least 30°C.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
31 words
Fluidized-bed reactor according to one of the preceeding claims, characterized in that the volume of the liquid collection space (9) is 1 to 25% of the volume of the reaction space.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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