Modular building component for construction of buildings and process and machine for the manufacturing thereof

Claim 2

Pre-equipped building modular component, tridimensional according to axes X, Y, Z for the construction of buildings, characterized by the fact of comprising, in one single piece: a floor element having, in the direction of the Z axis a width of one or more standard modular units and, in the direction of the X axis, a length of a multiple of said modular units, said floor being provided with a longitudinal through cavity in the sense of its length, in direction of the X axis, in each of the modular units which form its width, and two through transversal cavities in the direction of its width, in direction of the Z axis, communicating with said longitudinal cavity; two side walls perpendicular to said floor having, in the direction of the Y axis, a height above said floor, equal to one modular unit and, beneath said floor, equal to two modular units, the inner surfaces of said side walls, facing towards the floor, being smooth and the outer surfaces being provided with a channel in the direction of the Y axis, in each of the modular units which form their width, the edge surfaces on the thickness of said side walls, as well as the edge surfaces on the thickness of said floor, being shaped so as to be provided with continuous grooves therealong, communicating with said inner surfaces of said walls; a longitudinal wall lying in a plane of direction X, Y integral and perpendicular with said floor and said two side walls and having the same height thereof, said longitudinal wall being placed on one side and/or the other side of the plane of the floor, and having both its surfaces smooth; and connecting elements placed on the surfaces of the upper and lower edges of said side walls, in coincidence of the intermodular lines and the ends.

Claim 3

The component according to claim 1, wherein said connecting elements are formed by two small steel cups integral with the ends of a rod having the direction of the Y axis, embedded in the side wall, said small cups being embedded one on said upper edge and the other on said lower edge, and having their concavity facing towards the outside and being provided with a welding flange and a recess for the insertion of a connecting body.

Claim 4

The component according to claim 1, wherein said longitudinal wall is placed on one single side of the floor, in coincidence with the free end of a modular unit.

Claim 5

The component according to claim 1, wherein said longitudinal wall is placed on only one side of the floor, in coincidence with an intermodular line.

Claim 6

The component according to claim 1, wherein said longitudinal wall is placed on both sides of the floor in coincidence with the free end of one modular unit.

Claim 7

The component according to claim l,wherein said longitudinal wall, on one side of the floor, is placed in coincidence of the free end of one modular unit, while on the other side of the floor it is placed in coincidence of an intermodular line.

Claim 8

The component according to claim 1, wherein said longitudinal wall is placed on one or the other side of the floor in coincidence with one same intermodular line.

Claim 9

The component according to claim 1, wherein said longitudinal wall is placed on both sides of the floor in coincidence of two different intermular lines.

Claim 10

The component according to any of the preceding claims from 3 to 8, wherein the thickness of said longitudinal wall is internal with respect to the width of the modular unit of the floor and of the side wall adjacent thereto.

Claim 11

The component according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said longitudinal wall is on one side and/or on the other side of the floor and is provided with through cavities having the direction along the Y axis, placed at modular intervals.

Claim 12

The component according to claim 10, wherein the thickness of said longitudinal wall provided with through cavities is external to or on the same axis with a modular or intermodular line.

Claim 13

The component according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said longitudinal wall is provided with spaces for doors and/or windows.

Claim 14

The component according to claim 1, modified so as it does not display said longitudinal wall.

Claim 15

The combination of components according to any of the preceding claims by laying one over the other and/or placing side by side and connecting by welding said connecting elements one with the other of the respective components in order to achieve the structure of a building.

Claim 16

The process for the manufacturing of a modular pre-equipped building component, such as claimed in any of the preceding claims from 1 to 13, wherein said component is produced through casting of a material hardening up to a conglomerate, in form frames which delimit a cavity having the shape of said component, characterized by the operatiors of: mounting said form frames in such a way that said floor assumes a position in a vertical plane with the X and Y axes of the component in the horizontal position and the Z axis of the component in the vertical position; disassembling the form for the inner surfaces of said side walls by means of a translation movement of the respective form frame towards the bottom in an oblique direction with respect to the plane of said side walls, to the plane of said floor and to the horizontal plane; and successively disassembling the form for the surface of said ' floor and the inner surface of said longitudinal wall, through a translation movement towards the bottom of the related form frames, in an oblique direction with respect to the plane of said floor and to the horizontal plane.

Claim 17

A machine for manufacturing a modular component for the construction of buildings, such as claimed in any of the preceding claims from 1 to 14, placed on three horizontal planes defined respectively as bottom plane, base plane and upper plane and oriented according to a longitudinal X axis, a transversal Y axis and a vertical Z axis comprising: a) two pairs of vertical supporting pillars having their basis on said bottom plane, placed at the vertexes of a rectangle and carrying upperly at the level of said upper plane, supporting guides having the direction according to the longitudinal X axis; b) a pair of horizontal beams, parallel to the direction of the longitudinal X axis, guided at their ends respectively along a pair of said pillars for a movement according to the direction of the vertical Z axis, supported on vertically movable supports, moved by a motor and apt to assume, independently one from the other, a lowered position below said base plane and several raised positions at the level of said base plane; c) a supporting deck formed by a pair of beams parallel to the transversal Y axis, connected rigidly one to the other, resting on vertically movable supports moved by a motor and guided along vertical fixed guides resting on said bottom plane, said supporting deck being movable between a position at the level of said base plane and a position above same; d) a carriage movable along the transversal Y axis on said base plane, said carriage carrying form surfaces for the formation of the edge surfaces along the Y axis of said side walls and of the edge of said floor along the X axis, and being movable between an external position with respect to the machine and a resting position on said supporting deck; e) two groups of lower inner form frames, each supported on one of said two horizontal beams, said form frames carrying form surfaces for the formation of the inner surfaces of said side walls, of said longitudinal wall and of the floor; f) two groups of outer form frames supported on said base plane, each group carrying form portions for the formation of the outer surfaces of said side walls, and of the edge along the Y axis of said longitudinal wall,said form portions being movable through motors in the direction in the longitudinal X axis, said groups further carrying heads for the formation of the edges of thickness having a direction along the Z axis of said sidewalls, movable by means of motors in the direction of the transversal Y axis, as well as cores for the formation of said longitudinal through cavities at the inside of the thickness of the floor, movable by means of motors in the direction of the longitudinal X axis and cores for the formation of said transversal through cavities of the floor, movable through motors in the direction of the vertical Z axis; g) two elevators movable by means of motors between an upper plane and said base plane, and being guided each at the ends for a vertical movement, in the direction of the Z axis, on a same pair of pillars on which one of said horizontal beams is guided; h) a core carrier slidingly supported in the direction of the transversal Y axis on each of said elevators, said core carrier carrying cores for the formation of the through cavities in the direction of the Y axis in said longitudinal wall, as well as a form portion for the formation of the edge of said longitudinal wall; i) an upper inner form frame supported in a sliding way in the direction of the transversal Y axis on each of said elevators, said form frame carrying a form for the formation of the surface facing towards the top of a longitudinal wall, placed on an intermodular line, as well as the formation of the part of the surface of the floor and of the side walls comprised between their edge facing towards the top and the longitudinal wall; j) a form frame for said edge facing towards the top, slidable on said supporting guides at the level of said upper plane in the direction of the X axis, said form frame for the edge facing towards the top carrying a form frame movable in the direction of the Z axis, for the formation of edges facing towards the top of the floor and of the side walls, said form frame for the edge facing towards the top being provided with passages for the casting of the conglomerate mixture; k) an upper box carrier slidable on said supporting guides at the level of said upper plane in the direction of the X axis, said upper carrier carrying boxes movable in the direction of the Z axis, to be used as forms for the formation of openings for doors and windows in said longitudinal wall, said boxes having openings wherein said cores carried by said core carrier penetrate; and 1) means apt to transport and discharge said mixture of conglomerate, whereby preparing a reinforcement on said lower carriage, bringing said lower carriage over said supporting deck, bringing into position the various forms and carrying out the casting, the form disassembly after the hardening leaves the form piece on the lower carriage, which is extracted from the machine translating said lower carriage on said base plane.

Claim 18

The machine according to claim 16, wherein said supports movable for the pair of horizontal beams are worm screws actuated by an electric motor and said beams present ends provided with grooved wheels which slide over corners of said pillars.

Claim 19

The machine according to claim 16, wherein said movable supports for said supporting deck are formed by a piston of a hydraulic jack and said supporting deck is provided with vertical extensions which slide in contact with the grooves of wheels fixed to said vertical fixed guides.

Claim 20

The machine according to claim 16, wherein each of said lower inner form frames comprises: a first supporting frame work integral with one of said two horizontal beams; a second frame work carrying a form portion for the formation of one of the surfaces of the floor, as well as the formation of the inner surface of the longitudinal wall, said second framework and said first framework being connected though means which allow a movement of said second framework with respect to said first framework according to an oblique trajectory with respect to the directions of the Z and Y axes; two form portions the formation of the inner surfaces of the side walls, connected with said second framework through means which allow the movement of said two form portions with respect to said second frame work, according to an oblique direction with respect to the three X, Y, Z axes.

Claim 21

The machine according to claim 19, wherein said means are formed by a system of connecting rods shaped as a linked parallelogram and by motors having hydraulic pistons.

Claim 22

The machine according to claim 16, wherein each of said two groups of outer form frames is formed by subgroups carrying each respectively a form portion for the formation of one modular unit of outer surface of said side walls, each ·sub-group being provided individually with a hydraulic linear motor which carries out the separation of the form portion from the finished piece, while motor means carry out a global movement of the group in the direction of the X axis, each sub-group being associated with a core for the formation of a longitudinal through cavity of the floor, said core being guided along guides carried by the main framework of the group, each core carrying on its inside two cores for the formation of said transversal through cavities of the floor, said cores for the transversal cavities being brought into the working position on the outside of the longitudinal core, after that the latter has assumed its working position.

Claim 23

The machine according to claim 16, wherein said heads for the formation of the edges of thickness having a direction along the Z axis of said side walls, of the outer form frame groups, comprise forming surfaces having shapes for the formation of branching boxes, said shapes being brought selectively into the operating position of casting by means actuated by a selective control.

Claim 24

The machine according to claim 16, comprising pin blocking elements on said supporting deck and said inner form frames, to the end of blocking the position related therebetween, as well as pin blocking elements rigidly connecting said outer form frames and said carriage with said supporting deck.

Claim 25

The machine according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising means apt to vibrate the forms during the casting of the material for the formation of the conglomerate.

Claim 26

The machine according to any of the preceding claims, compri comprising means for carrying out a heating of the forms during the casting of the material for the formation of the conglomerate.