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Metallic contacts to compound semiconductor devices

Assignee: Raytheon Co
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Filing: 1981-07-31
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2001-07-31
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Abstract

Abstract Metallic contacts to compound semiconductor devices which employ a native oxide for passivation are provided. The metallic contacts of the invention comprise at least two metal layers: a first layer making non-rectifying contact with the semiconductor surface and providing a diffusion barrier and a second layer thereon comprising an easily oxidizable metal. A low resistivity metal layer may optionally be interposed between the two metal layers for improved conductivity. The metallic contact is formed prior to passivation. The diffusion barrier layer prevents diffusion of potentially deleterious materials into the semiconductor, while exposed portions of the oxidizable metal form an insulating oxide during anodic passivation in an electrolyte. The insulating oxide prevents disruption of the electric field distribution in the electrolyte, thereby eliminating passivating oxide and device non-uniformities commonly encountered in the formation of prior art metallic contacts and providing more uniform semiconductor oxide thickness.

Inventors

  • 👤 Charles A. Cockrum
  • 👤 Joan K. Chia
  • 👤 James F. Kreider

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction EP
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-04 14:58
CPC Classifications
H; H10; H10P; H10P14/00; H10P14/60; H10P14/69; H10P14/692; H10P14/6938; H10P14/6939; H10P14/69394; H10D; H10D64/00; H10D64/01; H10D64/011; H10D64/0116; H10D64/60; H10D64/62; H10P14/63; H10P14/6302; H10P14/6304; H10P14/6314; H10P14/6324; H10W; H10W20/00; H10W20/40; H10W20/41; H10W20/44; H10W20/4403

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 9
Claim 1
Independent Claim 93 words
A semiconductor device comprising a compound semiconductor material which is anodically oxidizable to form a passivating native oxide on exposed surfaces, the device including a metallic contact comprising: (a) a contact metal layer formed on a portion of the semiconductor surface, said contact metal layer forming a substantially non-rectifying contact with said semiconductor surface and providing a diffusion barrier; and (b) an oxidizable metal layer formed on said contact metal layer, said oxidizable metal being selected from the group consisting of metals occupying a position between hydrogen and magnesium on the Electromotive Series.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 93 words
A semiconductor device comprising a compound semiconductor material which is anodically oxidizable to form a passivating native oxide on exposed surfaces, the device including a metallic contact comprising: (a) a contact metal layer formed on a portion of the semiconductor surface, said contact metal layer forming a substantially non-rectifying contact with said semiconductor surface and providing a diffusion barrier; and (b) an oxidizable metal layer formed on said contact metal layer, said oxidizable metal being selected from the group consisting of metals occupying a position between hydrogen and magnesium on the Electromotive Series.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 41 words
The device of claim 1 further comprising a low resistance metal layer between said contact metal layer and said oxidizable metal layer, said low resistance metal layer being physically stable and metallurgically compatible with said contact metal and said oxidizable metal.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 24 words
The device of claim 2 in which the low resistance metal layer is of gold or lead and is 1000 to 20,000 A thick.
Claim 5
Independent Claim 26 words
The device of any preceding claim in which said semiconductor material is selected from the group consisting of (Hd,Cd)Te, (Pb,Sn)Te, GaAs, InAs, InSb, (In,Ga)Sb and In(As,Sb).
Claim 6
Independent Claim 26 words
The device of any preceding claim in which said contact metal layer is of titanium, chromium, nickel or palladium and is 300 to 1000 Å thick.
Claim 7
Independent Claim 31 words
The device of any preceding claim in which said oxidizable metal layer is of aluminum, titanium, nickel, chromium, indium, niobium, tantalum, tungsten or vanadium and is 500 to 1000 Å thick.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 67 words
The device of claim 2 in which the semiconductor material is (Hd,Cd)Te, the contact metal layer is of titanium or palladium and is 600 to 800 A thick, the low resistance metal layer is of gold or lead and is 1000 to 20,000 Å thick, and the oxidizable metal layer is of titanium, nickel, chromium, niobium, tantalum, tungsten or vanadium and is 600 to 800 Å thick.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 29 words
The device of claim 7 in which both the contact metal layer and the oxidizable metal layer are of titanium, and the low resistance metal layer is of gold.

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