Patent EP0031730A2 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
EP0031730A2
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EP
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The improved semipermeable composite membranes and process for their production
Assignee: Teijin Ltd
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Filing: 1980-12-29
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2000-12-29
Abstract
Abstract A process for producing a semipermeable composite membrane which comprises forming on a microporous substrate a thin layer of a polymeric material comprising a polyamino polymer containing at lesat 1 milliequivalent, per gram of the polymer in the dry state, of active amino groups selected from primary amino groups and secondary amino groups, and thereafter interfacially crosslinking a surface portion of said thin layer with a crosslinking agent having at least two functional groups (a) capable of easily reacting with either the primary or secondary amino groups or both in said polymer; characterised in that (1) said polymeric material contains dispersed therein a polyfunctional compound having at least two functional groups (b) substantially incapable of reacting with the primary or secondary amino groups in said polymer at a temperature at which the interfacial crosslinking is carried out, but capable of reacting easily with either the primary or secondary amino groups or both in said polymer at a temperature at least 30° C higher than said crosslinking temperature, and (2) the interfacially crosslinked thin layer is heated to a temperature at which said polyfunctional compound reacts with the primary or secondary amino groups or both in said polymer. The resulting membranes have excellent durability, very good water flux and salt rejection.
Inventors
- 👤 Takeyuki Kawaguchi
- 👤 Hiroyoshi Minematsu
- 👤 Yuzuru Hayashi
- 👤 Shigeyoshi Hara
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 13:23
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D69/00; B01D69/12; B01D69/125; B01D71/00; B01D71/06; B01D71/58; B01D71/60
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 36
Claim 1
Independent Claim
196 words
A process for producing a semipermeable composite membrane which comprises forming on a microporous substrate a thin layer of a polymeric material comprising a polyamino polymer containing at least 1 milliequivalent, per gram of the polymer in the dry state, of active amino groups selected from primary amino groups and secondary amino groups, and thereafter interfacially crosslinking a surface portion of said thin layer with a crosslinking agent having at least two functional groups (a) capable of easily reacting with either the primary or secondary amino groups or both in said polymer; characterised in that (1) said polymeric material contains dispersed therein a polyfunctional compound having at least two functional groups (b) substantially incapable of reacting with the primary or secondary amino groups in said polymer at a temperature at which the interfacial crosslinking is carried out, but capable of reacting easily with either the primary or secondary amino groups or both in said polymer at a temperature at least 30°C higher than said crosslinking temperature, and (2) the interfacially crosslinked thin layer is heated to a temperature at which said polyfunctional compound reacts with the primary or secondary amino groups or both in said polymer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
196 words
A process for producing a semipermeable composite membrane which comprises forming on a microporous substrate a thin layer of a polymeric material comprising a polyamino polymer containing at least 1 milliequivalent, per gram of the polymer in the dry state, of active amino groups selected from primary amino groups and secondary amino groups, and thereafter interfacially crosslinking a surface portion of said thin layer with a crosslinking agent having at least two functional groups (a) capable of easily reacting with either the primary or secondary amino groups or both in said polymer; characterised in that (1) said polymeric material contains dispersed therein a polyfunctional compound having at least two functional groups (b) substantially incapable of reacting with the primary or secondary amino groups in said polymer at a temperature at which the interfacial crosslinking is carried out, but capable of reacting easily with either the primary or secondary amino groups or both in said polymer at a temperature at least 30°C higher than said crosslinking temperature, and (2) the interfacially crosslinked thin layer is heated to a temperature at which said polyfunctional compound reacts with the primary or secondary amino groups or both in said polymer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
66 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said functional groups (b) do not substantially react with either the primary or secondary amino groups of said polymer at a temperature of not more than 20°C, but react easily with either the primary or secondary amino groups or both in said polymer at a temperature of at least 50 0 C but below the self-gelling temperature of said polymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
64 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said functional groups (b) do not substantially react with either the primary or secondary amino groups of said polymer at a temperature of not more than 30°C, but reacts easily with either the primary or secondary amino groups or both in said polymer at a temperature of at least 70°C but below the self-gelling temperature of said polymer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
73 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said functional groups (b) are selected from and active halomethyl groups, in which X 1 and each represent a halogen atom, A 1 and A 2 each represent a hydrogen atom or an organic radical capable of being split off together with the oxygen atom to which it is bonded, and A 3 represents a trivalent or tetravalent saturated aliphatic groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
51 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the polyfunctional compound is a low-molecular-weight or high-molecular-weight polyfunctional compound which dissolves in a solvent selected from water and water-miscible organic solvents having a boiling point of not more than 140°C to an extent of at least 0.1 g/100 ml of the solvent at 20°C.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the polyfunctional compound is an organic compound containing 2 to 4 functional groups (b) per molecule and having a molecular weight of 90 to 500.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 6 wherein said organic compound is an aliphatic compound.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the polyfunctional compound is a high-molecular-weight organic compound containing said functional groups (b) in an amount of 2.0 to 1500 milliequivalents per gram of the compound and having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the high-molecular-weight organic compound is a vinyl polymer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
237 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the polyfunctional compound is of the formulae or in which formulae Q represents a direct bond, an ether linkage, or an alkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain an oxygen or halogen atom, q is an integer of from 2 to 6, each of X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 , X 6 and X 7 represents a halogen atom, each of A 57 A 10 and A 11 represents a hydroxyl group, an aliphatic groups containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms and having a valence of a, b or c which may contain an oxygen or halogen atom, an aromatic group containing 6 to 10 carbon atoms and having a valence of a, b or c, or an alicyclic groups containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms and having a valence of a, b or c, each of A 6 , A 7 , A 8 and A 12 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an allyl group, a phenyl group or an aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, A 9 represents an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an arylene group which may be substituted by a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a, b and c each represent an integer of 2 to 4.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
85 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the polyfunctional compound is a high-molecular-weight compound containing at least 40 mole% of at least one recurring unit selected from ; and in which formulae A 8 represents a halogen atom, A 13 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, A 14 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an allyl group, an aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group, and d is 1 or 2.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the polyfunctional compound is ethylene glycol dichlorohydrin, glycerol dichlorohydrin, glycerol trichlorohydrin, sorbitol dichlorohydrin, sorbitol trichlorohydrin, sorbitol tetrachlorohydrin, dimethyl tartrate or diethyl tartrate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of any one of the preceding claims wherein said thin layer contains 0.05 to 1 equivalent, per equivalent of the active amino groups in said polyamino polymer, of said polyfunctional compound.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 13 wherein said thin layer contains 0.1 to 0.7 equivalent, per equivalent of the active amino groups in the polyamino polymer, of said polyfunctional compound.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process of any one of the preceding claims wherein said functional groups (a) react easily with the primary or secondary amino groups or both in said polymer at a temperature of not more than 30°C.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process of claim 15 wherein said functional groups (a) react easily with the primary or secondary amino groups or both in said polymer at a temperature of not more than 20°C.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of any one of claims 1 to 14 wherein said functional groups (a) are selected from carbonyl halide, sulfonyl halide, isocyanate, and acid anhydride groups.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 17 wherein said functional groups (a) are carbonyl halide or sulfonyl halide groups.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of any one of the preceding claims wherein said crosslinking agent is a cyclic compound containing 2 or 3 functional groups (a).
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 19 wherein said cyclic compound is an aromatic compound.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 20 wherein said crosslinking agent is isophthaloyl chloride, terephthaloyl chloride, trimesoyl trichloride or 3-chlorosulfonylisophthaloyl chloride.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process of any one of the preceding claims wherein said polyamino polymer contains 5.0 to 23.0 milliequivalents, per gram of the polymer in the dry state, of said active amino groups.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of any one of the preceding ' claims wherein said polyamino compound has a number average weight of 1,000 to 100,000.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of any one of claims 1 to 22 wherein said polyamino polymer has an intrinsic viscosity, determined at 30°C for a 1/10N aqueous solution of sodium chloride, of 0.1 to 2.0 dl/g.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
49 words
The process of any one of the preceding claims wherein said polyamino polymer dissolves in at least one solvent selected from water and water-miscible organic solvents having a boiling point of not more than 140°C, to an extent of at least 0.2 g/100 mg of the solvent at 20°C.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process of any one of the preceding claims wherein said polyamino polymer is a polyaddition product between a polyepoxy compound and a polyamino compound having at least two active amino groups.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 26 wherein the polyamino polymer is polyethyleneimine, a polyamine-modified polyepichlorohydrin, or a polyamine-modified poly(2-chloroethyl vinyl ether).
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
57 words
The process of any one of claims 1 to 25 wherein said polyamino polymer is a polymer containing at least 30 mole % of a recurring unit of the following formula wherein R 11 and R 12 each represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and Z 3 represents a direct bond or -S0 2 -.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
54 words
The process of any one of claims 1 to 25 wherein the polyamino polymer is a polymer consisting mainly of two recurring units of the formulae wherein R 16 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or of two recurring units of the formulae wherein R 16 is as defined above.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of any one of the preceding claims wherein the polyamino polymer is a polymer which does not gel by itself at a temperature of not more than 60°C.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of any one of the preceding claims wherein said thin layer contains at least 10% by weight of-the polyamino polymer.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of any one of the preceding claims wherein said thin layer is formed by applying a solution containing the polyamino polymer and the polyfunctional compound to the microporous substrate, and if desired, partially evaporating the solvent.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of any one of the preceding claims wherein the interfacial crosslinking is carried out at a temperature of about 5°C to about 40°C.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of any one of the preceding claims wherein the interfacially crosslinked layer is heated to about 50°C to about 130°C.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
111 words
The membrane obtained by a process according to , any one of the preceding claims, which has a water flux of at least 30 liters/m 2 .hr and a NaCl rejection of at least 90% under standard conditions, the ratio of the permeation velocity of NaCl in the initial stage to that after continuous use for 200 hours being not more than 1.50, and which also has a pressure compaction coefficient expressed by the following equation of not more than 0.03: wherein (WF) 0 is the water flux of the membrane in the initial stage (after 1 hour), and (WF) 200 is the water flux of the membrane after 200 hours.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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