Patent JPS6043943A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent EP0020021A2 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
EP0020021A2
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EP
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Method for the direct electrodeposition of a chromium layer on a metal substrate and a lithographic sheet comprising a metal substrate covered with such an electrodeposited chromium layer
Assignee: Printing Developments Inc
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Filing: 1980-04-24
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2000-04-24
Abstract
Abstract Electrodeposition of a layer of chromium of selectively constituted crystalline character and grain texture on metal substrates, such as aluminum or steel base lithographic sheet provides improved and directly chromium plated aluminum or steel base lithographic sheet capable of operatively functioning as a surface plate after exposure of an applied photo sensitive coating thereon. Such chromium layer is disposed in adherent interfacial engagement with the surface of a metal substrate and is compositively constituted of coalescively agglomerated assemblages of subagglomerated spheroidate particles of generally lobular curvilinear contour characterized by an effective absence of generally planar exterior surfaces and relatively sharp protuberant angles.
Inventors
- 👤 John A. Ballarini
- 👤 Timothy A. Hetland
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 08:16
CPC Classifications
B; B41; B41N; B41N1/00; B41N1/04; B41N1/08; C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/04; C25D5/00; C25D5/34; C25D5/42; C25D5/44
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 31
Claim 1
Independent Claim
46 words
An electrodeposited chromium layer disposed in adherent interfacial engagement with the surface of a metal substrate compositively constituted of coalescively agglomerated assemblages of subagglomerated spheroidate particles of generally lobular curvilinear contour characterized by an effective absence of generally planar exterior surfaces and relatively sharp protuberant angles.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
46 words
An electrodeposited chromium layer disposed in adherent interfacial engagement with the surface of a metal substrate compositively constituted of coalescively agglomerated assemblages of subagglomerated spheroidate particles of generally lobular curvilinear contour characterized by an effective absence of generally planar exterior surfaces and relatively sharp protuberant angles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
An electrodeposited chromium layer as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said metal substrate is selected from aluminum and steel base alloy and said electrodeposited chromium layer is disposed in direct adherent interfacial engagement therewith.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
An electrodeposited chromium layer as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2 further characterized by an anisotropic and discontinuous exposed surface and labyrinthine undersurface structure of capillary dimension.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
35 words
An electrodeposited chromium layer on a metal substrate as claimed in any preceding claim wherein said subagglomerated spheroidate particles of lobular contour are formed from agglomerated assemblages of spheroidate ' particles of markedly smaller dimensions.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
34 words
An electrodeposited chromium layer on a metal substrate as claimed in any preceding claim, further including a layer of photo sensitive material disposed in interfacially engaged and overlying relation on said electrodeposited chromium layer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
157 words
A lithographic sheet comprising: a metal substrate selected from the group consisting of aluminum and steel base alloy; a directly electrodeposited chromium layer disposed in adherent interfacial engagement with the surface of said base substrate and compositely constituted of coalescively agglomerated assemblages of subagglomerated spheroidate particles of generally lobular curvilinear contour characterized by an effective absence of generally planar exterior surfaces and relatively sharp protuberant angles; said subagglomerated particles of lobular contour being formed of agglomerated assemblages of spheroidate particles of markedly smaller dimensions; said chromium layer being further characterized by an anisotropic and discontinuous exposed surface and labyrinthine undersurface of capillary dimension; and a layer of photo sensitive material disposed in interfacially engaged and overlying relation with said electrodeposited chromium layer; whereby the adherent interfacial engagement of said electrodeposited chromium layer with the base metal substrate permits usage of said lithographic sheet as a surface plate subsequent to exposure and development of said photo sensitive coating.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
157 words
A lithographic sheet comprising: a metal substrate selected from the group consisting of aluminum and steel base alloy; a directly electrodeposited chromium layer disposed in adherent interfacial engagement with the surface of said base substrate and compositely constituted of coalescively agglomerated assemblages of subagglomerated spheroidate particles of generally lobular curvilinear contour characterized by an effective absence of generally planar exterior surfaces and relatively sharp protuberant angles; said subagglomerated particles of lobular contour being formed of agglomerated assemblages of spheroidate particles of markedly smaller dimensions; said chromium layer being further characterized by an anisotropic and discontinuous exposed surface and labyrinthine undersurface of capillary dimension; and a layer of photo sensitive material disposed in interfacially engaged and overlying relation with said electrodeposited chromium layer; whereby the adherent interfacial engagement of said electrodeposited chromium layer with the base metal substrate permits usage of said lithographic sheet as a surface plate subsequent to exposure and development of said photo sensitive coating.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
87 words
A method for the electrodeposition of chromium on the surface of a metal substrate comprising the steps of immersing said metal substrate in a plating bath selectively constituted of water, chromic oxide and sulfuric acid in amounts to maintain a Cr +6 /SO 4 -2 ratio in the range of 75 to 180; and exposing said immersed metal substrate in said plating bath to a plating current in the range of 3229 to 10764 amperes/m (300 to 1000 amperes per square foot) for at least 30 seconds.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
87 words
A method for the electrodeposition of chromium on the surface of a metal substrate comprising the steps of immersing said metal substrate in a plating bath selectively constituted of water, chromic oxide and sulfuric acid in amounts to maintain a Cr +6 /SO 4 -2 ratio in the range of 75 to 180; and exposing said immersed metal substrate in said plating bath to a plating current in the range of 3229 to 10764 amperes/m (300 to 1000 amperes per square foot) for at least 30 seconds.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method as claimed in Claim 7 including maintaining the temperature of the coating bath between about 32 to 38°C (about 90 to 100 0 F) during flow of plating current therewithin.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
105 words
A method for the electrodeposition of chromium on the surface of a metal substrate, comprising the steps of immersing said metal substrate in a controlled temperature bifluoride-containing grainer bath for at least 10 seconds; immersing said bifluoride grained metal substrate in a plating bath selectively constituted of water, chromic oxide and sulfuric acid in amounts to maintain a Cr +6 /SO4 -2 ratio in the range of about 75 to 180; and exposing said immersed metal substrate in said plating bath to a plating current in the range of 3229 to 10764 amperes/m (300 to 1000 amperes per square foot) for at least 30 seconds.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
105 words
A method for the electrodeposition of chromium on the surface of a metal substrate, comprising the steps of immersing said metal substrate in a controlled temperature bifluoride-containing grainer bath for at least 10 seconds; immersing said bifluoride grained metal substrate in a plating bath selectively constituted of water, chromic oxide and sulfuric acid in amounts to maintain a Cr +6 /SO4 -2 ratio in the range of about 75 to 180; and exposing said immersed metal substrate in said plating bath to a plating current in the range of 3229 to 10764 amperes/m (300 to 1000 amperes per square foot) for at least 30 seconds.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method as claimed in Claim 9 wherein said bifluoride grainer bath is a water solution of a bifluoride selected from the group consisting of ammonium bifluoride and sodium bifluoride.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method as claimed in Claim 10 wherein said grainer bath is a solution of ammonium bifluoride in water.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
25 words
A method as claimed in any of Claims 7 to 11 wherein said metal substrate is aluminum base alloy and.said chromium is directly plated thereon.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
46 words
A method for the direct electrodeposition of chromium on the surface of an aluminum or steel base substrate, including the step of immersing said aluminum or steel base substrate in a bifluoride grainer bath for at least 10 seconds preparatory to its exposure to plating current.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
46 words
A method for the direct electrodeposition of chromium on the surface of an aluminum or steel base substrate, including the step of immersing said aluminum or steel base substrate in a bifluoride grainer bath for at least 10 seconds preparatory to its exposure to plating current.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as claimed in Claim 13 wherein said bifluoride grainer bath is a water solution of ammonium bifluoride or sodium bifluoride.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
40 words
A method as claimed in Claim 14 wherein said grainer bath is a solution of 31 to 125 kg of ammonium biflouride per cubic metre of water (from about 4 to 16 ounces of ammonium bifluoride per gallon of water).
Claim 21
Independent Claim
29 words
A method as claimed in any of Claims 13 to 15 wherein the the temperature of said grainer bath is maintained between about 43 and 66°C (110 and 150°F).
Claim 22
Independent Claim
146 words
A method for the direct electrodeposition of chromium on the surface of an aluminum base substrate, comprising the steps of immersing said aluminum base substrate in a grainer solution comprising from 31 to 125 kg of ammonium bifluoride per cubic metre of water (about 4 to 16 ounces of ammonium bifluoride per gallon of water) for at least 10 seconds; rinsing said aluminum base substrate immediately following its removal from said grainer solution; immersing said bifluoride grained aluminum base substrate in a plating bath selectively constituted of water, chromic oxide and sulfuric acid in amounts to maintain a Cr +6 /SO 4 2 ratio in the range of about 75 to 180; and exposing said immersed metal substrate in said plating bath to a plating current in the range of 3229 to 10764 amperes/m (300 to 1000 amperes per square foot) for at least 30 seconds.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
146 words
A method for the direct electrodeposition of chromium on the surface of an aluminum base substrate, comprising the steps of immersing said aluminum base substrate in a grainer solution comprising from 31 to 125 kg of ammonium bifluoride per cubic metre of water (about 4 to 16 ounces of ammonium bifluoride per gallon of water) for at least 10 seconds; rinsing said aluminum base substrate immediately following its removal from said grainer solution; immersing said bifluoride grained aluminum base substrate in a plating bath selectively constituted of water, chromic oxide and sulfuric acid in amounts to maintain a Cr +6 /SO 4 2 ratio in the range of about 75 to 180; and exposing said immersed metal substrate in said plating bath to a plating current in the range of 3229 to 10764 amperes/m (300 to 1000 amperes per square foot) for at least 30 seconds.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method as claimed in Claim 17 wherein said grainer solution is maintained at a temperature between 43 and 66°C (about 110 and 150°F).
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
55 words
A method as claimed in Claim 17 or Claim 18 wherein said grainer solution comprises 62 kg of ammonium bifluoride per cubic metre of water (about 8 ounces of ammonium bifluoride per gallon of water) and said aluminum base substrate is immersed therein for'about 60 seconds at a bath temperature of about 49°C (about 120°F).
Claim 26
Independent Claim
21 words
A method as claimed in any one of Claims 17 to 19 wherein said rinsing step is effected with deionized water.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
55 words
A method as claimed in any one of Claims 17 to 20 wherein said plating bath is selectively constituted of about 265 kg of chromic acid and 2.1 kg of sulfuric acid per cubic metre of deionized water (34 ounces of chromic acid and about 0.27 ounces of sulfuric acid per gallon of deionized water).
Claim 28
Independent Claim
30 words
A method as claimed in any one of Claims 17 to 21 wherein said plating bath is maintained at a temperature between about 32 and 38°C (about 90 and 100°F).-
Claim 29
Independent Claim
175 words
A method for the fabrication of aluminum base lithograph sheet having chromium directly electrodeposited on the surface thereof, comprising the steps of immersing said aluminum base substrate in a 43 to 660C (110 to 150°F) grainer solution comprising about 62 kg of ammonium bifluoride per cubic metre (about 8 ounces of ammonium bifluoride per gallon) of water for about 60 seconds; rinsing said aluminum base substrate immediately following its removal from said grainer solution; immersing said bifluoride grained aluminum base substrate in a plating bath selectively constituted of about 265 kg of chromic acid and 2.1 kg of sulfuric acid per cubic metre of deionized water (34 ounces of chromic acid and about 0.27 ounces of sulfuric acid per gallon deionized water). and exposing said immersed aluminum base substrate in said plating bath to a plating current in the range of 3229 to 10764 amperes/m2 (300 to 1000 amperes per square foot) for at least 30 seconds with the plating bath temperature being maintained between about 32 and 38 0 F) about (90 and 100°F).
Claim 30
Independent Claim
175 words
A method for the fabrication of aluminum base lithograph sheet having chromium directly electrodeposited on the surface thereof, comprising the steps of immersing said aluminum base substrate in a 43 to 660C (110 to 150°F) grainer solution comprising about 62 kg of ammonium bifluoride per cubic metre (about 8 ounces of ammonium bifluoride per gallon) of water for about 60 seconds; rinsing said aluminum base substrate immediately following its removal from said grainer solution; immersing said bifluoride grained aluminum base substrate in a plating bath selectively constituted of about 265 kg of chromic acid and 2.1 kg of sulfuric acid per cubic metre of deionized water (34 ounces of chromic acid and about 0.27 ounces of sulfuric acid per gallon deionized water). and exposing said immersed aluminum base substrate in said plating bath to a plating current in the range of 3229 to 10764 amperes/m2 (300 to 1000 amperes per square foot) for at least 30 seconds with the plating bath temperature being maintained between about 32 and 38 0 F) about (90 and 100°F).
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method as claimed in Claim 23 including the step of coating said electrodeposited chromium surface with a photo sensitive material.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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