Patent US1559351A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent CA1152668A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
CA1152668A
Expired / Lapsed
CA
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Liquid emulsion polymers useful as ph responsive thickeners for aqueous systems
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
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Filing: 1979-11-22
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Granted: 1983-08-23
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Expires: 1999-11-22
Abstract
Abstract Abstract of the Disclosure Novel aqueous liquid emulsion polymers are prepared by the copolymerization of (A) 15-60 weight percent of a C3-C8 .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, preferably acrylic or meth-acrylic acid or a mixture thereof with itaconic or fumaric acid, (B) 1?-80 weight percent of a nonionic copolymerizable C2-C12 .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, preferably a monovinyl ester such as ethyl acrylate or a mixture thereof with styrene, acrylo-nitrile, vinyl chloride or vinyl acetate, and (C) 1-30 weight percent of certain nonionic vinyl sur-factant esters, such as nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)9 ethyl acrylate, to give an emulsion copolymer stable as an aqueous colloidal dispersion at an acid pH lower than about 5.0 but responsive to pH adjustment with base. These emulsion polymers adjusted to a pH of 5 5-10 5 or higher are effective thickeners for a wide variety of aqueous systems including cosmetic products, drilling muds, and particularly aqueous coating compositions such as latex paint.
Inventors
- 👤 Lawrence F. Sonnabend
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
CA
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 14:38
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C69/00; C07C69/52; C07C69/533; C07C69/54; C08; C08F; C08F246/00; C08F290/00; C08F290/02; C08F290/06; C08F290/062; C09; C09D; C09D7/00; C09D7/40; C09D7/43; C08F220/00; C08F220/02; C08F220/10; C08F220/26; C08F220/28; C08F220/285; C08F220/286; C08L; C08L33/00; C08L33/02; C08L33/04; C08L33/06; C08L33/08; C08L33/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
248 words
A liquid emulsion polymer useful as a pH responsive thickener for aqueous compositions comprising an aqueous emulsion copolymer of: A. 15-60 weight percent based on total monomers of at least one C3-C8 .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer of the formula: (I) where R is H and R' is H, C1-C4 alkyl, or -CH2COOX; R is -COOX and R' is H or -CH2COOX; or, R is CH3 and R' is H; and X is H or C1-C4 alkyl; B. 15-80 weight percent of at least one nonionic, copolymerizable C2-C12 .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer of the formula: CH2 = CYZ (II) where Y is H and Z is -COOR, -C6H4R', CN, Cl, or -CH = CH2; 27,164B-F Y is CH3 and Z is -COOR, -C6H4R', CN or -CH = CH2; or Y is Z are cl; and R is C1-C8 alkyl or C2-C8 hydroxyalkyl; R' is H, Cl, Br, C1-C4 alkyl; and R" is C1-C8 alkyl; and C. 1-30 weight percent based on total monomers of at least one nonionic vinyl surfactant ester of the formula: (III) where R is H or CH3, each R' is C1-C2 alkyl, R" is C8-C20 alkyl or C8-C16 alkylphenyl, n is an average number from 6-100 and m is an average number from 0-50 provided that n >m and .SIGMA.(n+m) is 6-100; said polymer being stable as an aqueous colloidal dispersion at a pH lower than about 5.0 but becoming an effective thickener for aqueous systems upon adjustment to a pH of 5.5-10.5 or higher.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
248 words
A liquid emulsion polymer useful as a pH responsive thickener for aqueous compositions comprising an aqueous emulsion copolymer of: A. 15-60 weight percent based on total monomers of at least one C3-C8 .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer of the formula: (I) where R is H and R' is H, C1-C4 alkyl, or -CH2COOX; R is -COOX and R' is H or -CH2COOX; or, R is CH3 and R' is H; and X is H or C1-C4 alkyl; B. 15-80 weight percent of at least one nonionic, copolymerizable C2-C12 .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer of the formula: CH2 = CYZ (II) where Y is H and Z is -COOR, -C6H4R', CN, Cl, or -CH = CH2; 27,164B-F Y is CH3 and Z is -COOR, -C6H4R', CN or -CH = CH2; or Y is Z are cl; and R is C1-C8 alkyl or C2-C8 hydroxyalkyl; R' is H, Cl, Br, C1-C4 alkyl; and R" is C1-C8 alkyl; and C. 1-30 weight percent based on total monomers of at least one nonionic vinyl surfactant ester of the formula: (III) where R is H or CH3, each R' is C1-C2 alkyl, R" is C8-C20 alkyl or C8-C16 alkylphenyl, n is an average number from 6-100 and m is an average number from 0-50 provided that n >m and .SIGMA.(n+m) is 6-100; said polymer being stable as an aqueous colloidal dispersion at a pH lower than about 5.0 but becoming an effective thickener for aqueous systems upon adjustment to a pH of 5.5-10.5 or higher.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The aqueous emulsion copolymer of claim 1 where the car-boxylic acid monomer (A) is methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, or a mixture thereof with fumaric or itaconic acid.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
The aqueous emulsion copolymer of claim 1 where the comono-mer (B) is a monovinyl ester or a mixture thereof with styrene, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride or vinyl acetate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
92 words
The aqueous emulsion copolymer of claim l where the vinyl surfactant ester is selected from the group consisting of: 1) alkylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl acrylates of the formula: (IV) where R is H or CH3; Y' is C8-C16 alkyl, and n is 6-100; 2) alkoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl acrylates of the formula: (V) where R is H or CH3, R" is C8-C20 alkyl, and n is 6-50; and 3) alkoxypoly(alkyleneoxy)ethyl acrylates of the formula: (VI) where R is H or CH3, each R' is C1-C2 alkyl, R" is C8-C20 alkyl, and n is 6-50 and m is 1-40.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
59 words
The aqueous emulsion copolymer of claim 1 consisting essentially of: A. 35-55 weight percent of methacrylic acid, acrylic acid or mixtures thereof with fumaric or itaconic acid; B. 35-50 weight percent of ethyl acrylate or mixtures thereof with styrene, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile,vinyl chloride or vinyl acetate; and C. 2-20 weight percent of a vinyl surfactant ester of Formula III.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
40 words
The aqueous emulsion copolymer of claim 1 consisting essentially of: A. 40-50 weight percent of methacrylic acid; B. 35-50 weight percent of ethyl acrylate; and C. 2-12 weight percent of the methacrylic ester of a nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)nethanol where n is 6-40.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
52 words
The aqueous emulsion copolymer of claim 6 containing 40-45 weight percent of methacrylic acid and 2-10 weight percent of itaconic acid and having an average particle size of 500-3000 .ANG. and a Brookfield viscosity of 50-50,000 cps as a 1 percent aqueous solution in ammonium salt form at pH 9.0 and 25°C.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
36 words
A liquid aqueous colloidal dispersion useful as a pH responsive polymeric thickener for aqueous compositions containing 10-50 weight percent of the emulsion polymer of claims 1, 5 or 6 and having a pH of about 2.5-5Ø
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
38 words
A process for making the aqueous emulsion copolymer of claim 1 comprising emulsion copolymerizing components A, B and C at a pH of about 2.5-5.0 in the presence of a free-radical producing initiator at a temperature between 60°-90°C.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
37 words
A thickened aqueous composition having a pH within the range of about 6.5-11.0 comprising an aqueous composition containing a water-soluble or dispersible material and an effective amount of the emulsion polymer of claims 1, 5 or 6.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
79 words
A thickened aqueous composition having a pH within the range of about 6.5-11.0 comprising an aqueous composition containing a water-soluble or dispersible material and an effective amount of an emulsion polymer consisting essentially of: A. 40-50 weight percent of methacrylic acid; B. 35-50 weight percent of ethyl acrylate; and C. 2-12 weight percent of the methacrylic ester of an alkylphenoxypolytethyleneoxy)ethyl acrylate of the formula: (IV) where R is H or CH3; Y' is C8-C16 alkyl; and n is 6-100.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
79 words
A thickened aqueous composition having a pH within the range of about 6.5-11.0 comprising an aqueous composition containing a water-soluble or dispersible material and an effective amount of an emulsion polymer consisting essentially of: A. 40-50 weight percent of methacrylic acid; B. 35-50 weight percent of ethyl acrylate; and C. 2-12 weight percent of the methacrylic ester of an alkylphenoxypolytethyleneoxy)ethyl acrylate of the formula: (IV) where R is H or CH3; Y' is C8-C16 alkyl; and n is 6-100.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
62 words
A process for making a thickened aqueous composition which comprises: (1) blending with the aqueous composition a sufficient amount of the emulsion polymer of claim 1, 5 or 6 to thicken the aqueous composition and (2) adjusting the pH of said blend within a range of about 6.5-11.0 as necessary to dissolve the emulsion polymer therein and thus thicken the aqueous composition.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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