Patent CA1111114A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
← Back to Patent Explorer
CA1111114A Expired / Lapsed CA ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Microwave frequency division by phase locked loops

Assignee: Department of National Defence
•
Filing: 1978-08-31
•
Granted: 1981-10-20
•
Expires: 1998-08-31
📄 Original PDF 🌐 Google Patents 🔄 Sync Now

Abstract

Abstract ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE It is known to generate microwave frequencies by locking the funda-mental output frequency of a microwave oscillator to a multiple or sub-multiple of the output frequency of a highly stable crystal oscillator operating at a lower frequency than the microwave oscillator. Phase-locked loops are used together with frequency multipliers or dividers. One problem is that the frequency lock range decreases as successively higher and weaker harmonics are used for locking. This limits the practical harmonic locking range to multiples of approximately less than ten. The present invention eliminates this problem and allows microwave signals which have a frequency greater than 10 times the reference frequency to be phase locked without an impractical reduction of the capture range. As well, in conventional phase locked loop systems which use multipliers, fm modulation which is intentional-ly injected must have a modulation index less than 1Ø The present invention eliminates this problem and increases the allowed modulation index by a factor N, where this the division ratio of the frequency divider used in the feed-back loop. The present invention uses a microwave parametric frequency divider to phase lock a microwave oscillator to a stable reference oscillator without the need for frequency multipliers. The output f1 of an rf oscillator is divided by N and fed to one input of a phase detector. The phase detector has another input fed by a reference oscillator of predetermined frequency f2. The phase detector has an output fed to a control input of the rf oscillator which causes the rf oscillator to produce a frequency of Nf2 which is directly fed to the rf output of the apparatus. Note that no multiplier is required.

Inventors

  • 👤 Trevor W. Tucker
  • 👤 William D. Cornish

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction CA
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-29 10:53
CPC Classifications
H; H03; H03L; H03L7/00; H03L7/06; H03L7/16; H03L7/18; H03L7/183; H03B; H03B19/00; H03B19/16; H03B19/18

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim 114 words
Apparatus for producing a stable microwave frequency signal comprising an rf oscillator for supplying microwave signals of frequency f1 above 2GHz to an output terminal of the apparatus and to an input of a micro-wave analog frequency divider, said frequency divider dividing said microwave signals by N, where N is an integer, and a phase detector having one input connected to receive the output of said frequency divider, said phase detector having another input fed by a reference oscillator of frequency f2, wherein f2 = f1, said phase detector having an output connected to a control input of said rf oscillator whereby the output frequency of said rf oscillator is adjustable to equal Nf2.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 114 words
Apparatus for producing a stable microwave frequency signal comprising an rf oscillator for supplying microwave signals of frequency f1 above 2GHz to an output terminal of the apparatus and to an input of a micro-wave analog frequency divider, said frequency divider dividing said microwave signals by N, where N is an integer, and a phase detector having one input connected to receive the output of said frequency divider, said phase detector having another input fed by a reference oscillator of frequency f2, wherein f2 = f1, said phase detector having an output connected to a control input of said rf oscillator whereby the output frequency of said rf oscillator is adjustable to equal Nf2.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 263 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the frequency divider comprises: (a) an even number of matched microwave varactor diodes, each of said diodes having a unique first terminal and a unique second terminal; (b) a plurality of terminated microstrip transmission lines equal in number to the number of diodes, each of said plurality of terminated microstrip trans-mission lines comprising a first conductor and a second conductor, one end of the first conductor and one end of the second conductor defining a first end of a microstrip transmission line, and the other end of the first conductor and the other end of the second conductor defining a second end of the micro-strip transmission line, a unique one of each of said diodes terminating said second end of a corresponding unique one of said transmission lines by connect-ing said first conductor at said second end to said first terminal of said diode and connecting said second conductor at said second end to said second terminal of said diode; (c) an input microstrip transmission line coupled to said first end of all of said plurality of terminated transmission lines for conveying an input signal to said plurality of transmission lines; (d) a balun electromagnetically coupled to said plurality of microstrip transmission lines, said balun transforming a balanced signal from said plurality of microstrip transmission lines into an unbalanced output signal; (e) microstrip means positioned in the vicinity of said plurality of transmission lines and electro-magnetically coupled therewith and electrically connected to said balun for conveying a signal from said plurality of lines to said balun.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 49 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said frequency divider comprises resonant circuit means, comprising at least two microwave trans-mission lines and a corresponding number of non-linear reactance elements, for receiving said microwave signal and for providing a balanced output signal of a frequency 1/N times the input signal.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 48 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein said microwave transmission lines comprise terminated microstrip transmission lines and said non-linear reactance elements comprise varactor diodes located at the terminated ends of the microstrip transmission lines, said frequency divider further comprising a balun electromagnetically coupled to said microstrip transmission lines.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 45 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said frequency divider comprises resonant circuit means comprising signal input means coupled to first and second microstrip transmission lines terminated by first and second varactor diodes and output means coupled to said first and second microstrip transmission lines.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 50 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said frequency divider comprises a plurality of cascaded resonant circuit means each comprising signal input means coupled to first and second microstrip transmission lines terminated by first and second varactor diodes and output means coupled to said first and second microstrip transmission lines.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 10 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein N = 2.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 19 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein N = 2n where n is the number of cascaded resonant circuits.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 28 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 7 wherein the signal input means is a microstrip transmission line coupled by capacitive means to said first and second microstrip transmission lines.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 16 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 7, 8 or 9 wherein said output means comprises a balun.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

No citation records indexed.

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Maintenance schedule is calculated for granted US utility patents.

Assigned Categories & Tags

No categories assigned to this patent yet.

Assign Category Tag