Free-machining austenitic stainless steels

Abstract

Abstract THIS INVENTION RELATES TO CHROMIUM-NICKEL AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS HAVING IMPROVED PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, MOST NOTABLY, SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVED MACHINABILITY. SPECIFICALLY, IT HAS BEEN FOUND THAT STEELS OF THIS TYPE CONTAINING UP TO 0.50% CARBON, FROM ABOUT 0.25 TO ABOUT 0.45% SULFUR, FROM ABOUT 2.0 TO ABOUT 7.0% MANGANESE, FROM ABOUT 16 TO ABOUT 30% CHROMIUM, FROM ABOUT 5 TO 26% NICKEL, AND WHEREIN THE MANGANESE-TO-SULFUR RATIO IS ABOUT AT LEAST 8 TO 1, ARE VASTLY IMPROVED WITH RESPECT TO MACHINABILITY WITHOUT IMPAIRING THE CORROSION RESISTANCE OF THE ALLOY TO THE EXPECTED EXTENT AT THE ACHIEVED LEVEL OF MACHINABILITY. OPTIONAL ELEMENTS THAT MAY BE INCLUDED IN THE ALLOY ARE SILICON UP TO ABOUT 3%, MOLYBDENUM UP TO ABOUT 4%, ZIRCONIUM UP TO ABOUT 1%, COPPER UP TO ABOUT 4%, SELENIUM, TELLURIUM OR LEAD UP TO ABOUT 0.5% EACH, COLUMBIUM, TANTALUM OR TITANIUM UP TO ABOUT 2.0% TOTAL, NITROGEN UP TO ABOUT 0.35%, AND PHOSPHORUS UP TO ABOUT 0.50%.

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