Patent US4112439A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
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In-plane transmission line crossover
Assignee: United States Department of the Air Force
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Filing: 1989-02-28
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Granted: 1991-01-01
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Expires: 2009-02-28
Abstract
Abstract A crossover for microwave electromagnetic radiation is constructed in a planar configuration for the transference of all of the power of a wave in a first transmission line to a wave in a second transmission line. The crossover is formed of two pairs of cross arms wherein, in each pair, the arms are spaced apart by an electrical length of ninety degrees along the first and the second transmission lines, and couple power of the waves between the first and second transmission lines with an introduction of a quarature phase relationship. The impedance presented to a wave of a cross arm is less than the corresponding impedance of the first and the second transmission lines by a factor of the square root of two to inhibit the generation of relections at junctions between a cross arm and the first or the second transmission line. Each junction provides for a diversion of one-half the power of the wave from the first or the second transmission line to a cross arm.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert J. Patin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 20:34
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01P; H01P5/00; H01P5/12; H01P5/16
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim
247 words
A two-conductor transmission-line crossover comprising: a set of two-wire transmission-line branches for transmitting electromagnetic energy; a first branch-line coupler and a second branch-line coupler serially connected together by said set of branches; each of said couplers comprising two side arms and two cross arms, the two side arms being of equal electrical length and the two cross arms being of equal electrical length, each of said side arms and each of said cross arms being configured as a two-conductor transmission-line, said side arms being formed of sections of said branches and being connected together by said cross arms, each of said cross arms introducing a 90 degree phase shift to electromagnetic waves propagating therethrough, each of said side arms introducing a 90 degree phase shaft to electromagnetic waves propagating therethrough, said cross arms being joined to ends of said side arms at junctions in said branches; and wherein said set of branches includes a first branch and a second branch separated by an arbitrary length, each of said branch-line couplers transfers half of the power of an electromagnetic wave from one of said branches to the other of said branches with a quadrature phase shift resulting in a crossover transmission of all the electromagnetic power from one of said branches to the other of said branches by a serial connection of said first branch-line coupler and said second branch-line coupler, all of said side arms and all of said cross arms being disposed along a common surface.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
247 words
A two-conductor transmission-line crossover comprising: a set of two-wire transmission-line branches for transmitting electromagnetic energy; a first branch-line coupler and a second branch-line coupler serially connected together by said set of branches; each of said couplers comprising two side arms and two cross arms, the two side arms being of equal electrical length and the two cross arms being of equal electrical length, each of said side arms and each of said cross arms being configured as a two-conductor transmission-line, said side arms being formed of sections of said branches and being connected together by said cross arms, each of said cross arms introducing a 90 degree phase shift to electromagnetic waves propagating therethrough, each of said side arms introducing a 90 degree phase shaft to electromagnetic waves propagating therethrough, said cross arms being joined to ends of said side arms at junctions in said branches; and wherein said set of branches includes a first branch and a second branch separated by an arbitrary length, each of said branch-line couplers transfers half of the power of an electromagnetic wave from one of said branches to the other of said branches with a quadrature phase shift resulting in a crossover transmission of all the electromagnetic power from one of said branches to the other of said branches by a serial connection of said first branch-line coupler and said second branch-line coupler, all of said side arms and all of said cross arms being disposed along a common surface.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
43 words
A two-conductor transmission-line crossover according to claim 1, wherein said arbitrary length separating said set of branches including a first branch and a second branch is an arbitrary length of greater than one fourth of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves propagating therethrough.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
43 words
A two-conductor transmission-line crossover according to claim 1, wherein said arbitrary length separating said set of branches including a first branch and a second branch is an arbitrary length of less than one fourth of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves propagating therethrough.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
269 words
A microwave crossover for transferring radiant energy from a first transmission line to a second transmission line, comprising: a set of four cross arms spaced apart from each other, and arranged serially side-by-side along and coplanar with said transmission lines, each of said cross arms being configured as a transmission line and providing a connection between said first transmission line and said second transmission line, each of said cross arms introducing a phase shift of ninety degrees to radiant-energy waves of a predetermined frequency propagating between said first and second transmission lines; and wherein junctions are provided along said first and said second transmission lines for joining ends of said cross arms to said first and said second transmission lines; a first arm and a second arm of said cross arms are spaced with a spacing which provides a ninety degree phase shaft along said first and second transmission lines between junctions thereof with said first and said second cross arms; a third and a fourth arm of said cross arms are spaced apart with a spacing which provides a ninety degree phase shift along said first and said second transmission lines between junctions thereof with said third and said fourth cross arms; said second and said third arm of said cross arms are spaced apart with a spacing or arbitrary length; and each of said junctions on said first transmission line provides a diversion of one-half the power in said first transmission line to a cross arm, the set of four cross arms providing for a complete transfer of power between said first and said second transmission lines.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
269 words
A microwave crossover for transferring radiant energy from a first transmission line to a second transmission line, comprising: a set of four cross arms spaced apart from each other, and arranged serially side-by-side along and coplanar with said transmission lines, each of said cross arms being configured as a transmission line and providing a connection between said first transmission line and said second transmission line, each of said cross arms introducing a phase shift of ninety degrees to radiant-energy waves of a predetermined frequency propagating between said first and second transmission lines; and wherein junctions are provided along said first and said second transmission lines for joining ends of said cross arms to said first and said second transmission lines; a first arm and a second arm of said cross arms are spaced with a spacing which provides a ninety degree phase shaft along said first and second transmission lines between junctions thereof with said first and said second cross arms; a third and a fourth arm of said cross arms are spaced apart with a spacing which provides a ninety degree phase shift along said first and said second transmission lines between junctions thereof with said third and said fourth cross arms; said second and said third arm of said cross arms are spaced apart with a spacing or arbitrary length; and each of said junctions on said first transmission line provides a diversion of one-half the power in said first transmission line to a cross arm, the set of four cross arms providing for a complete transfer of power between said first and said second transmission lines.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
56 words
A microwave crossover according to claim 4, wherein said second and said third arm of said cross arms are spaced apart with a spacing of arbitrary length which provides a phase shift of greater than ninety degrees along said first and said second transmission lines between junctions thereof with said second and said third cross arms.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
56 words
A microwave crossover according to claim 4, wherein said second and said third arm of said cross arms are spaced apart with a spacing of arbitrary length which provides a phase shift of less than ninety degrees along said first and said second transmission lines between junctions thereof with said second and said third cross arms.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-12-31 | 1994-07-02 | 1995-01-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-12-31 | 1998-07-02 | 1999-01-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-12-31 | 2002-07-02 | 2003-01-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |