USH483H
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Binary solvent for dye laser
Assignee: United States Department of the Navy
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Filing: 1987-04-03
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Granted: 1988-06-07
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Expires: 2007-04-03
Abstract
Abstract A binary solvent for liquid dye laser systems comprising a surfactant having a hydrophobic end and a hydrophilic end in a viscous polar solvent provides a method of improving the output, efficiency and lifetime of laser dyes, particularly in non-flowing liquid dye laser systems.
Inventors
- 👤 Mark B. Moran
- 👤 C. Denton Marrs
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 15:29
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01S; H01S3/00; H01S3/14; H01S3/20; H01S3/213
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
88 words
A binary solvent for use with laser dyes having hydrophobic groups in a dye laser, the binary solvent comprising a surfactant having a hydrophobic end group and a hydrophilic end group, said surfactant selected from the group consisting of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium poly(oxyethylene) 3-lauryl sulfate; and a viscous polar solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol and 10% saline solution wherein a sufficient concentration of surfactant molecules are added to form micelles having hydrocarbon-like interiors which tend to solubilize molecules of said laser dyes.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
88 words
A binary solvent for use with laser dyes having hydrophobic groups in a dye laser, the binary solvent comprising a surfactant having a hydrophobic end group and a hydrophilic end group, said surfactant selected from the group consisting of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium poly(oxyethylene) 3-lauryl sulfate; and a viscous polar solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol and 10% saline solution wherein a sufficient concentration of surfactant molecules are added to form micelles having hydrocarbon-like interiors which tend to solubilize molecules of said laser dyes.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
A binary solvent as in claim 1 comprising from about 5×10 -4 M to about 7×10 -4 M sodium dodecyl sulfate in ethylene glycol.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
A binary solvent as in claim 1 comprising about 2.5 M sodium poly(oxyethylene) 3-lauryl sulfate in 10% saline solution.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
126 words
A method of increasing lasing output and extending lifetime of laser dyes, said method comprising the following steps: adding a surfactant having a hydrophilic end and a hydrophobic end selected from the group consisting of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium poly(oxyethylene) 3-lauryl sulfate to a polar solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, and 10% saline solution; said surfactant added in sufficient concentration to form a binary solvent having micelles; and adding a laser dye having hydrophobic groups to said binary solvent in sufficient amount to create a ratio of dye molecules per micelle in the range from 2 to 3; so that said dye molecules possessing hydropholic groups will be solubilized in the hydrocarbon-like interiors of the micelles, thereby forming stable colloidal suspensions.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
126 words
A method of increasing lasing output and extending lifetime of laser dyes, said method comprising the following steps: adding a surfactant having a hydrophilic end and a hydrophobic end selected from the group consisting of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium poly(oxyethylene) 3-lauryl sulfate to a polar solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, and 10% saline solution; said surfactant added in sufficient concentration to form a binary solvent having micelles; and adding a laser dye having hydrophobic groups to said binary solvent in sufficient amount to create a ratio of dye molecules per micelle in the range from 2 to 3; so that said dye molecules possessing hydropholic groups will be solubilized in the hydrocarbon-like interiors of the micelles, thereby forming stable colloidal suspensions.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 4 wherein said binary solvent comprises from about 5×10 -4 M to about 7×10 -4 M sodium dodecyl sulfate in ethylene glycol.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 4 wherein said binary solvent comprises about 2.5 M sodium poly(oxyethylene) 3-lauryl sulfate in 10% saline solution.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 4 wherein said laser dye having hydrophobic groups is a laser dye having the following structure: ##STR2##
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
179 words
A non-flowing liquid dye laser comprising a volume of a laser dye solution and a pumping energy source operably coupled therewith and capable of producing stimulated emission of said dye solution by conversion of energy from said source, said dye solution comprising: a binary solvent consisting of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium poly(oxyethylene) 3-lauryl sulfate added to a polar solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol and 10% saline solution; said surfactant having a hydrophobic end group and a hydrophilic end group added in sufficient quantity to form micelles; and a laser dye having hydrophobic groups wherein said dye molecules are solubilized within the hydrocarbon-like interior of the micelles, said dye added in sufficient quantity to form a ratio of dye molecules per micelle in the range from 2 to 3 so that said dye molecules, solubilized in the micelles, form stable colloidal suspensions which increase the efficiency of said conversion and the thermal stability of said dye solution thereby reducing the volume of dye solution needed for operation.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
179 words
A non-flowing liquid dye laser comprising a volume of a laser dye solution and a pumping energy source operably coupled therewith and capable of producing stimulated emission of said dye solution by conversion of energy from said source, said dye solution comprising: a binary solvent consisting of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium poly(oxyethylene) 3-lauryl sulfate added to a polar solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol and 10% saline solution; said surfactant having a hydrophobic end group and a hydrophilic end group added in sufficient quantity to form micelles; and a laser dye having hydrophobic groups wherein said dye molecules are solubilized within the hydrocarbon-like interior of the micelles, said dye added in sufficient quantity to form a ratio of dye molecules per micelle in the range from 2 to 3 so that said dye molecules, solubilized in the micelles, form stable colloidal suspensions which increase the efficiency of said conversion and the thermal stability of said dye solution thereby reducing the volume of dye solution needed for operation.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
28 words
The non-flowing dye laser of claim 8 wherein said binary solvent comprises from about 5×10 -4 M to about 7×10 -4 M sodium dodecyl sulfate in ethylene glycol.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
The non-flowing dye laser of claim 8 wherein said binary solvent comprises about 2.5M sodium poly(oxyethylene) 3-lauryl sulfate in 10% saline solution.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
The non-flowing dye laser of claim 8 wherein said laser dye having hydrophobic groups is a laser dye having the following structure: ##STR3##
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-06-07 | 1991-12-07 | 1992-06-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-06-07 | 1995-12-07 | 1996-06-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-06-07 | 1999-12-07 | 2000-06-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |