US7133644B2
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Digital baseband system and process for compensating for analog radio transmitter impairments
Assignee: InterDigital Technology Corp
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Filing: 2003-12-15
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Granted: 2006-11-07
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Expires: 2023-12-15
Abstract
Abstract In order to compensate for performance degradation caused by inferior low-cost analog radio component tolerances of an analog radio, a wireless communication transmitter employs a control process to implement numerous digital signal processing (DSP) techniques to compensate for deficiencies of such analog components so that modern specifications may be relaxed. By monitoring a plurality of parameters associated with the analog radio, such as temperature, bias current or the like, enhanced phase and amplitude compensation, as well as many other radio frequency (RF) parameters may be implemented.
Inventors
- 👤 Alpaslan Demir
- 👤 Leonid Kazakevich
- 👤 Kenneth P. Kearney
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 06:47
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04B; H04B1/00; H04B1/02; H04B1/04; H04B1/0475; H03; H03F; H03F1/00; H03F1/32; H03F1/3241; H03F1/3294; H03F1/34; H03F3/00; H03F3/20; H03F3/24; H03F2200/00; H03F2200/462; H03F2200/465; H03F2200/468; H04B2001/0408; H04B2001/0425; H04B2001/0433
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 40
Claim 1
Independent Claim
232 words
A digital baseband (DBB) transmitter comprising: (a) an analog radio transmitter including a temperature sensor; (b) a plurality of digital compensation modules; (c) a memory for storing a plurality of look up tables (LUTs); and (d) at least one controller in communication with the analog radio transmitter and each of the digital compensation modules, wherein the digital compensation modules correct radio frequency (RF) parameter deficiencies that occur in the analog radio transmitter, the temperature sensor monitors a temperature reading associated with the analog radio transmitter, and a particular one of the LUTs is selected from the memory to set up parameters for at least one of the digital compensation modules in response to the temperature reading monitored by the temperature sensor, and the digital compensation modules include a digital direct current (DC) offset compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the analog radio transmitter includes a modulator prone to a carrier leakage deficiency, a minimum detected power reading associated with each of the signal inputs is determined, first and second DC offset compensation values are determined by interpolating the minimum detected power readings, and the digital DC offset compensation module is configured to eliminate carrier leakage associated with the modulator by adjusting the respective DC levels of the two signal inputs based on the first and second DC offset compensation values.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
232 words
A digital baseband (DBB) transmitter comprising: (a) an analog radio transmitter including a temperature sensor; (b) a plurality of digital compensation modules; (c) a memory for storing a plurality of look up tables (LUTs); and (d) at least one controller in communication with the analog radio transmitter and each of the digital compensation modules, wherein the digital compensation modules correct radio frequency (RF) parameter deficiencies that occur in the analog radio transmitter, the temperature sensor monitors a temperature reading associated with the analog radio transmitter, and a particular one of the LUTs is selected from the memory to set up parameters for at least one of the digital compensation modules in response to the temperature reading monitored by the temperature sensor, and the digital compensation modules include a digital direct current (DC) offset compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the analog radio transmitter includes a modulator prone to a carrier leakage deficiency, a minimum detected power reading associated with each of the signal inputs is determined, first and second DC offset compensation values are determined by interpolating the minimum detected power readings, and the digital DC offset compensation module is configured to eliminate carrier leakage associated with the modulator by adjusting the respective DC levels of the two signal inputs based on the first and second DC offset compensation values.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
The DBB transmitter of claim 1 wherein the analog radio transmitter further comprises: (i) a power amplifier; (ii) a modulator; and (iii) a power detector.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
47 words
The DBB transmitter of claim 1 wherein the analog radio transmitter further comprises a bias current sensor for monitoring a bias current reading associated with the analog radio transmitter, and at least one of the digital compensation modules is activated in response to the bias current sensor.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
92 words
The DBB transmitter of claim 1 wherein the digital compensation modules include a digital pre-distortion compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the power amplifier is prone to a linearity deficiency, and the digital pre-distortion compensation module is configured to distort the phase and amplitude of the I and Q signal components based on gain and phase characteristics of the power amplifier stored in the selected LUT, such that the power amplifier generates a linear response rather than a distorted response.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
78 words
The DBB transmitter of claim 1 wherein the digital compensation modules include a digital pre-distortion compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) input and a quadrature (Q) input, the DBB transmitter further comprising: (e) a low pass filter (LPF) coupled to each of the I and Q inputs of the digital pre-distortion compensation module; and (f) at least one digital to analog converter (DAC) for interfacing the digital compensation modules with the analog radio transmitter.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The DBB transmitter of claim 5 wherein each LPF is a root-raised cosine (RRC) filter.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
The DBB transmitter of claim 1 wherein the modulator has a local oscillator (LO) frequency at which the minimum detected power readings are determined.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
87 words
The DBB transmitter of claim 1 wherein the digital compensation modules include a digital amplitude imbalance compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the analog radio transmitter includes a modulator prone to an amplitude balance deficiency, and the digital amplitude imbalance compensation module is configured to adjust the power level of one of the I and Q signal components, such that the power level of each of the I and Q signal components is the same.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
85 words
The DBB transmitter of claim 1 wherein the digital compensation modules include a digital phase imbalance compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the analog radio transmitter includes a modulator prone to a phase balance deficiency, and the digital phase imbalance compensation module is configured to adjust the phase of the I and Q signal components, such that the phase of each of the I and Q signal components are orthogonal to each other.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
The DBB transmitter of claim 1 further comprising: (e) a modem for generating in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) signal components which are input to each of the digital compensation modules and the analog radio transmitter.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
230 words
A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising: (a) an analog radio transmitter including a temperature sensor; (b) a plurality of digital compensation modules; (c) a memory for storing a plurality of look up tables (LUTs); and (d) at least one controller in communication with the analog radio transmitter and each of the digital compensation modules, wherein the digital compensation modules correct radio frequency (RF) parameter deficiencies that occur in the analog radio transmitter, the temperature sensor monitors a temperature reading associated with the analog radio transmitter, and a particular one of the LUTs is selected from the memory to set up parameters for at least one of the digital compensation modules in response to the temperature reading monitored by the temperature sensor, and the digital compensation modules include a digital DC offset compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the analog radio transmitter includes a modulator prone to a carrier leakage deficiency, a minimum detected power reading associated with each of the signal inputs is determined, first and second DC offset compensation values are determined by interpolating the minimum detected power readings and the digital DC offset compensation module is configured to eliminate carrier leakage associated with the modulator by adjusting the respective DC levels of the two signal inputs based on the first and second DC offset compensation values.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
230 words
A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising: (a) an analog radio transmitter including a temperature sensor; (b) a plurality of digital compensation modules; (c) a memory for storing a plurality of look up tables (LUTs); and (d) at least one controller in communication with the analog radio transmitter and each of the digital compensation modules, wherein the digital compensation modules correct radio frequency (RF) parameter deficiencies that occur in the analog radio transmitter, the temperature sensor monitors a temperature reading associated with the analog radio transmitter, and a particular one of the LUTs is selected from the memory to set up parameters for at least one of the digital compensation modules in response to the temperature reading monitored by the temperature sensor, and the digital compensation modules include a digital DC offset compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the analog radio transmitter includes a modulator prone to a carrier leakage deficiency, a minimum detected power reading associated with each of the signal inputs is determined, first and second DC offset compensation values are determined by interpolating the minimum detected power readings and the digital DC offset compensation module is configured to eliminate carrier leakage associated with the modulator by adjusting the respective DC levels of the two signal inputs based on the first and second DC offset compensation values.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
The WTRU of claim 11 wherein the analog radio transmitter further comprises: (i) a power amplifier; (ii) a modulator; and (iii) a power detector.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
46 words
The WTRU of claim 11 wherein the analog radio transmitter further comprises a bias current sensor for monitoring a bias current reading associated with the analog radio transmitter, and at least one of the digital compensation modules is activated in response to the bias current sensor.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
92 words
The WTRU of claim 11 wherein the digital compensation modules include a digital pre-distortion compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the power amplifier is prone to a linearity deficiency, and the digital pre-distortion compensation module is configured to distort the phase and amplitude of the I and Q signal components based on the gain and phase characteristics of the power amplifier stored in the selected LUT, such that the power amplifier generates a linear response rather than a distorted response.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
76 words
The WTRU of claim 11 wherein the digital compensation modules include a digital pre-distortion compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) input and a quadrature (Q) input, the WTRU further comprising: (e) a low pass filter (LPF) coupled to each of the I and Q inputs of the digital pre-distortion compensation module; and (f) at least one digital to analog converter (DAC) for interfacing the digital compensation modules with the analog radio transmitter.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
The WTRU of claim 15 wherein each LPF is a root-raised cosine (RRC) filter.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
23 words
The WTRU of claim 11 wherein the modulator has a local oscillator (LO) frequency at which the minimum detected power readings are determined.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
86 words
The WTRU of claim 11 wherein the digital compensation modules include a digital amplitude imbalance compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the analog radio transmitter includes a modulator prone to an amplitude balance deficiency, and the digital amplitude imbalance compensation module is configured to adjust the power level of one of the I and Q signal components, such that the power level of each of the I and Q signal components is the same.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
84 words
The WTRU of claim 11 wherein the digital compensation modules include a digital phase imbalance compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the analog radio transmitter includes a modulator prone to a phase balance deficiency, and the digital phase imbalance compensation module is configured to adjust the phase of the I and Q signal components, such that the phase of each of the I and Q signal components are orthogonal to each other.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
34 words
The WTRU of claim 11 further comprising: (e) a modem for generating in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) signal components which are input to each of the digital compensation modules and the analog radio transmitter.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
233 words
An integrated circuit (IC) for processing signals input to an analog radio transmitter including a temperature sensor, the IC comprising: (a) a plurality of digital compensation modules; (b) a memory for storing a plurality of look up tables (LUTs); and (c) at least one controller in communication with the each of the digital compensation modules, wherein the digital compensation modules correct radio frequency (RF) parameter deficiencies that occur in the analog radio transmitter, the temperature sensor monitors a temperature reading associated with the analog radio transmitter, and a particular one of the LUTs is selected from the memory to set up parameters for at least one of the digital compensation modules in response to the temperature reading monitored by the temperature sensor, and the digital compensation modules include a digital direct current (DC) offset compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the analog radio transmitter includes a modulator prone to a carrier leakage deficiency, a minimum detected power reading associated with each of the signal inputs is determined, first and second DC offset compensation values are determined by interpolating the minimum detected power readings, and the digital DC offset compensation module is configured to eliminate carrier leakage associated with the modulator by adjusting the respective DC levels of the two signal inputs based on the first and second DC offset compensation values.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
233 words
An integrated circuit (IC) for processing signals input to an analog radio transmitter including a temperature sensor, the IC comprising: (a) a plurality of digital compensation modules; (b) a memory for storing a plurality of look up tables (LUTs); and (c) at least one controller in communication with the each of the digital compensation modules, wherein the digital compensation modules correct radio frequency (RF) parameter deficiencies that occur in the analog radio transmitter, the temperature sensor monitors a temperature reading associated with the analog radio transmitter, and a particular one of the LUTs is selected from the memory to set up parameters for at least one of the digital compensation modules in response to the temperature reading monitored by the temperature sensor, and the digital compensation modules include a digital direct current (DC) offset compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the analog radio transmitter includes a modulator prone to a carrier leakage deficiency, a minimum detected power reading associated with each of the signal inputs is determined, first and second DC offset compensation values are determined by interpolating the minimum detected power readings, and the digital DC offset compensation module is configured to eliminate carrier leakage associated with the modulator by adjusting the respective DC levels of the two signal inputs based on the first and second DC offset compensation values.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
75 words
The IC of claim 21 wherein the digital compensation modules include a digital pre-distortion compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, and the digital pre-distortion compensation module is configured to distort the phase and amplitude of the I and Q signal components based on information stored in the selected LUT, such that at least one RF characteristic of the analog radio transmitter is improved.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
76 words
The IC of claim 21 wherein the digital compensation modules include a digital pre-distortion compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) input and a quadrature (Q) input, the IC further comprising: (d) a low pass filter (LPF) coupled to each of the I and Q inputs of the digital pre-distortion compensation module; and (e) at least one digital to analog converter (DAC) for interfacing the digital compensation modules with the analog radio transmitter.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
The IC of claim 23 wherein each LPF is a root-raised cosine (RRC) filter.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
23 words
The IC of claim 21 wherein the modulator has a local oscillator (LO) frequency at which the minimum detected power readings are determined.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
86 words
The IC of claim 21 wherein the digital compensation modules include a digital amplitude imbalance compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the analog radio transmitter includes a modulator prone to an amplitude balance deficiency, and the digital amplitude imbalance compensation module is configured to adjust the power level of one of the I and Q signal components, such that the power level of each of the I and Q signal components is the same.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
84 words
The IC of claim 21 wherein the digital compensation modules include a digital phase imbalance compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, the analog radio transmitter including a modulator prone to a phase balance deficiency, and the digital phase imbalance compensation module is configured to adjust the phase of the I and Q signal components, such that the phase of each of the I and Q signal components are orthogonal to each other.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
29 words
The IC of claim 21 further comprising: (d) a modem for generating in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) signal components which are input to each of the digital compensation modules.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
115 words
A digital baseband (DBB) transmitter comprising: (a) an analog radio transmitter including a modulator prone to a carrier leakage deficiency; and (b) a digital direct current (DC) offset compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, wherein a minimum detected power reading associated with each of the signal inputs is determined, first and second DC offset compensation values are determined by interpolating the minimum detected power readings, and the digital DC offset compensation module is configured to eliminate carrier leakage associated with the modulator by adjusting the respective DC levels of the two signal inputs based on the first and second DC offset compensation values.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
115 words
A digital baseband (DBB) transmitter comprising: (a) an analog radio transmitter including a modulator prone to a carrier leakage deficiency; and (b) a digital direct current (DC) offset compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, wherein a minimum detected power reading associated with each of the signal inputs is determined, first and second DC offset compensation values are determined by interpolating the minimum detected power readings, and the digital DC offset compensation module is configured to eliminate carrier leakage associated with the modulator by adjusting the respective DC levels of the two signal inputs based on the first and second DC offset compensation values.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
24 words
The DBB transmitter of claim 29 wherein the modulator has a local oscillator (LO) frequency at which the minimum detected power readings are determined.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
115 words
A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising: (a) an analog radio transmitter including a modulator prone to a carrier leakage deficiency; and (b) a digital direct current (DC) offset compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, wherein a minimum detected power reading associated with each of the signal inputs is determined, first and second DC offset compensation values are determined by interpolating the minimum detected power readings, and the digital DC offset compensation module is configured to eliminate carrier leakage associated with the modulator by adjusting the respective DC levels of the two signal inputs based on the first and second DC offset compensation values.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
115 words
A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising: (a) an analog radio transmitter including a modulator prone to a carrier leakage deficiency; and (b) a digital direct current (DC) offset compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, wherein a minimum detected power reading associated with each of the signal inputs is determined, first and second DC offset compensation values are determined by interpolating the minimum detected power readings, and the digital DC offset compensation module is configured to eliminate carrier leakage associated with the modulator by adjusting the respective DC levels of the two signal inputs based on the first and second DC offset compensation values.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
23 words
The WTRU of claim 31 wherein the modulator has a local oscillator (LO) frequency at which the minimum detected power readings are determined.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
142 words
An integrated circuit (IC) for processing signals input to an analog radio transmitter including a modulator prone to a carrier leakage deficiency, the IC comprising: (a) a digital direct current (DC) offset compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, wherein a minimum detected power reading associated with each of the signal inputs is determined, first and second DC offset compensation values are determined by interpolating the minimum detected power readings, and the digital DC offset compensation module is configured to eliminate carrier leakage associated with the modulator by adjusting the respective DC levels of the two signal inputs based on the first and second DC offset compensation values; and (b) at least one digital to analog converter (DAC) for interfacing the digital DC offset compensation module with the analog radio transmitter.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
142 words
An integrated circuit (IC) for processing signals input to an analog radio transmitter including a modulator prone to a carrier leakage deficiency, the IC comprising: (a) a digital direct current (DC) offset compensation module having two signal inputs including an in-phase (I) signal component and a quadrature (Q) signal component, wherein a minimum detected power reading associated with each of the signal inputs is determined, first and second DC offset compensation values are determined by interpolating the minimum detected power readings, and the digital DC offset compensation module is configured to eliminate carrier leakage associated with the modulator by adjusting the respective DC levels of the two signal inputs based on the first and second DC offset compensation values; and (b) at least one digital to analog converter (DAC) for interfacing the digital DC offset compensation module with the analog radio transmitter.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
23 words
The IC of claim 33 wherein the modulator has a local oscillator (LO) frequency at which the minimum detected power readings are determined.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2009-11-06 | 2010-05-08 | 2010-11-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2013-11-06 | 2014-05-08 | 2014-11-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2017-11-06 | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |