US6901514B1
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Secure oblivious watermarking using key-dependent mapping functions
Assignee: Google LLC
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Filing: 2000-06-01
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Granted: 2005-05-31
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Expires: 2020-06-01
Abstract
Abstract A method for embedding a watermark into content is disclosed. The content contains content samples. The method including the steps of: receiving the content, creating a continuous watermark sequence from the watermark, and for each content sample in a first predetermined order: calculating a sample mean, calculating a sample variance, and normalizing the content. Further steps include generating a set of content coefficients from the content, generating a set of watermark coefficients from the watermark sequence, embedding the watermark in the content by adjusting the amplitude of the watermark coefficients so that the distortion between the content coefficients and the associated watermark coefficients are minimized using a secret mapping function, and outputting the content. The mapping functions may be controlled by a key-dependent random sequence to protect the watermarks.
Inventors
- 👤 Siu-Leong Iu
- 👤 Wai Chu
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 16:48
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06T; G06T1/00; G06T1/0021; G06T1/005; H; H04; H04N; H04N1/00; H04N1/32; H04N1/32101; H04N1/32144; H04N1/32149; H04N1/32154; H04N1/32165; H04N1/32187; G06T2201/00; G06T2201/005; G06T2201/0052; G06T2201/0065; G06T2201/0083; H04N2201/00; H04N2201/32; H04N2201/3201; H04N2201/3225; H04N2201/3233; H04N2201/3269; H04N2201/327; H04N2201/328
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
116 words
A method for embedding a watermark into content, said content containing content samples, comprising the steps of: (a) receiving said content; (b) creating a continuous watermark sequence from said watermark; (c) for each content sample in a first predetermined order: (i) calculating a sample mean; (ii) calculating a sample variance; and (iii) normalizing said content; (d) generating a set of content coefficients from said content; (e) generating a set of watermark coefficients from said watermark sequence; (f) embedding said watermark in said content by adjusting the amplitude of said watermark coefficients so that the distortion between the content coefficients and the associated watermark coefficients are minimized using a secret mapping function; and (g) outputting said content.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
116 words
A method for embedding a watermark into content, said content containing content samples, comprising the steps of: (a) receiving said content; (b) creating a continuous watermark sequence from said watermark; (c) for each content sample in a first predetermined order: (i) calculating a sample mean; (ii) calculating a sample variance; and (iii) normalizing said content; (d) generating a set of content coefficients from said content; (e) generating a set of watermark coefficients from said watermark sequence; (f) embedding said watermark in said content by adjusting the amplitude of said watermark coefficients so that the distortion between the content coefficients and the associated watermark coefficients are minimized using a secret mapping function; and (g) outputting said content.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said step of embedding said watermark in said content is performed by adjusting the watermark coefficients sequentially in a second predetermined order.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said digital content is an image and said content sample is a pixel.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said secret mapping function has parameters, and said parameters are controlled by one or more key-dependent sequences.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method according to claim 4 wherein said key-dependent sequences are key-dependent random sequences.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method according to claim 4 wherein at least one of said key-dependent sequences are uniformly distributed.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method according to claim 4 wherein at least one of said key-dependent sequences is continuous.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method according to claim 4 wherein at least one of said key-dependent sequences is secret.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein each watermark coefficient may have a different quantization step size.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said secret mapping function is a sawtoothed function.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said secret mapping function is a triangle mapping function.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said secret mapping function is a binary function using randomized quantization steps.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said secret mapping function is generated by a program.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said secret mapping function is continuous.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said secret mapping function is piecewise continuous.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said secret mapping function is a look-up table.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said secret mapping function is a pixel based function.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said first predetermined order is a r aster scan order.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method according to claim 2 wherein said second predetermined order is a zig-zag order.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
71 words
A method for extracting a watermark sequence from watermarked content comprising the steps of: (a) receiving watermarked content comprising received coefficients; (b) generating an estimated watermark determined by received coefficients, and a mapping function; (c) generating a watermark sequence using a correlation function, said correlation function using the watermarked content, the estimated watermark, a scaling factor, and a weight ing factor per a predetermined equation; and (d) outputting the watermark sequence.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
71 words
A method for extracting a watermark sequence from watermarked content comprising the steps of: (a) receiving watermarked content comprising received coefficients; (b) generating an estimated watermark determined by received coefficients, and a mapping function; (c) generating a watermark sequence using a correlation function, said correlation function using the watermarked content, the estimated watermark, a scaling factor, and a weight ing factor per a predetermined equation; and (d) outputting the watermark sequence.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
91 words
An apparatus for extracting a watermark sequence from watermarked content comprising: (a) a noise source; (b) a key dependent sequencer; (c) a mapping function having parameters, at least one of said parameters receiving input from said key dependent sequencer; (d) a watermark estimator, said watermark estimator generating a watermark estimate from the watermarked content, and the mapping function (e) a scale factor; (f) a weight factor; and (g) a correlator, said correlator generating the watermark sequence from the watermarked content, the scale factor, the weight factor and the water mark estimate.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
91 words
An apparatus for extracting a watermark sequence from watermarked content comprising: (a) a noise source; (b) a key dependent sequencer; (c) a mapping function having parameters, at least one of said parameters receiving input from said key dependent sequencer; (d) a watermark estimator, said watermark estimator generating a watermark estimate from the watermarked content, and the mapping function (e) a scale factor; (f) a weight factor; and (g) a correlator, said correlator generating the watermark sequence from the watermarked content, the scale factor, the weight factor and the water mark estimate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
78 words
A n apparatus for embedding a watermark data into content including: (a) a content preprocessor, said content preprocessor further including: (i) a mean calculator; and (ii) a variance calculator; (b) a content coefficient generator for generating content coefficients from the preprocessed content; (c) a watermark sequence generator for generating a watermark sequence from the watermark data; (d) a watermark coefficient generator for generating watermark coefficients from the watermark sequence; and (e) a watermark inserter for generating watermarked content.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
78 words
A n apparatus for embedding a watermark data into content including: (a) a content preprocessor, said content preprocessor further including: (i) a mean calculator; and (ii) a variance calculator; (b) a content coefficient generator for generating content coefficients from the preprocessed content; (c) a watermark sequence generator for generating a watermark sequence from the watermark data; (d) a watermark coefficient generator for generating watermark coefficients from the watermark sequence; and (e) a watermark inserter for generating watermarked content.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
74 words
An apparatus according to claim 22 , wherein said watermark inserter further includes: (a) a key dependent sequencer, (b) a secret mapping function device, said secret mapping function device receiving input from said key dependent sequencer; and (c) a coefficient modifier for generating watermarked content by adjusting the amplitude of the watermark coefficients so that the distortion between the content coefficients and the associated watermark coefficients are minimized using the secret mapping function device.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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