US6771018B2
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Light-emitting device and display device employing electroluminescence with no light leakage and improved light extraction efficiency
Assignee: Samsung Display Co Ltd
•
Filing: 2002-07-24
•
Granted: 2004-08-03
•
Expires: 2022-07-24
Abstract
Abstract In a light-emitting device comprising an organic electroluminescent device including one or more organic thin layers (at least including a light-emitting layer) which are sandwiched between a transparent first electrode formed on a light-transmitting substrate and a second electrode, the light-transmitting substrate is formed so as to include parts for reflecting light emitted by the organic electroluminescent device (corresponding to a pixel) and thereby preventing the light from entering adjacent pixel areas. The light-transmitting substrate is formed of material having a refractive index of 1.65 or more or a refractive index higher than that of the light-emitting layer. A surface of the light-transmitting substrate opposite to the first electrode is provided with a light-diffusing function for avoiding total reflection. By such composition, a light-emitting device with no light leakage and excellent light extraction efficiency can be realized and thereby a high-intensity low-voltage-driven display device can be realized.
Inventors
- 👤 Satoru Toguchi
- 👤 Atsushi Oda
- 👤 Hitoshi Ishikawa
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 12:05
CPC Classifications
H; H05; H05B; H05B33/00; H05B33/12; H05B33/22; H10; H10K; H10K59/00; H10K59/80; H10K59/875; H10K59/878; H10K50/00; H10K50/80; H10K50/805; H10K50/82; H10K50/826; H10K50/85; H10K50/856; H10K59/805; H10K59/8052; H10K59/80523; G; G09; G09G; G09G2300/00; G09G2300/08; G09G2300/0809; G09G2300/0842; G09G3/00; G09G3/20; G09G3/22; G09G3/30; G09G3/32; G09G3/3208; G09G3/3225; H10K50/84; H10K50/854; H10K50/86; H10K59/10; H10K59/12; H10K59/87
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 66
Claim 1
Independent Claim
82 words
A light-emitting device comprising an organic electroluminescent device including one or more organic thin layers at least including a light-emitting layer which are sandwiched between a transparent first electrode formed on a light-transmitting substrate and a second electrode, wherein: the light-transmitting substrate at least includes reflection means for reflecting light emitted by the organic electroluminescent device corresponding to a pixel and thereby preventing the light from entering adjacent pixel areas, and the light-transmitting substrate has a refractive index of 1.65 or more.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
82 words
A light-emitting device comprising an organic electroluminescent device including one or more organic thin layers at least including a light-emitting layer which are sandwiched between a transparent first electrode formed on a light-transmitting substrate and a second electrode, wherein: the light-transmitting substrate at least includes reflection means for reflecting light emitted by the organic electroluminescent device corresponding to a pixel and thereby preventing the light from entering adjacent pixel areas, and the light-transmitting substrate has a refractive index of 1.65 or more.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
114 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in a cross section taken along a plane perpendicular to both a reflecting surface of the reflection means and the light-transmitting substrate, the height h of the reflection means measured from a contacting surface of the light-transmitting substrate with the first electrode is set so as to satisfy: h≧H· 4 t /(1+3 t ) where: t=d/D, D: the distance between the centers of two reflection means surrounding the organic electroluminescent device, d: the distance between two reflecting surfaces of the two reflection means facing the organic electroluminescent device, and H: the distance between the contacting surface and an opposite surface of the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
36 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a surface of the light-transmitting substrate opposite to the first electrode is provided with light-diffusing means for diffusing the light emitted by the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
114 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 3 , wherein in a cross section taken along a plane perpendicular to both a reflecting surface of the reflection means and the light-transmitting substrate, the height h of the reflection means measured from a contacting surface of the light-transmitting substrate with the first electrode is set so as to satisfy: h≧H· 4 t /(1+3 t ) where: t=d/D, D: the distance between the centers of two reflection means surrounding the organic electroluminescent device, d: the distance between two reflecting surfaces of the two reflection means facing the organic electroluminescent device, and H: the distance between the contacting surface and an opposite surface of the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
58 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a surface of the light-transmitting substrate opposite to the first electrode is provided with a second light-transmitting substrate having a refractive index of 1.65 or more and having light-diffusing means for diffusing the light emitted by the organic electroluminescent device on its surface opposite to the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the refractive index of the second light-transmitting substrate is set higher than that of the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the light-transmitting substrate and the second light-transmitting substrate are formed of resin.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 7 , further comprising a gas barrier layer which is provided between the light-transmitting substrate and the second light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the gas barrier layer is formed of material having gas barrier properties against H 2 O and/or oxygen.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 8 , further comprising a third light-transmitting substrate having a refractive index of 1.65 or more which is provided between the gas barrier layer and the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the reflection means is formed by metal that is embedded in the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein metal whose work function is 4.3 eV or less is employed as the metal embedded in the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
32 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the metal embedded in the light-transmitting substrate is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 13 , wherein metal whose work function is 4.3 eV or less is employed as the metal embedded in the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
126 words
A display device comprising: a plurality of first lines arranged in the same direction; a plurality of second lines arranged perpendicular to the first lines; the light-emitting devices of claim 1 which are placed corresponding to a plurality of pixel areas of the display device which are formed in a matrix of rows and columns by the first lines and the second lines; a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltages of the first lines and the second lines; common power supply lines for supplying driving currents to the light-emitting devices; and thin-film transistors each of which is provided corresponding to each pixel, for receiving a video signal at its gate and controlling the conduction between the common power supply line and the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
49 words
A display device as claimed in claim 15 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of combshaped metal parts, and each of the combshaped metal parts is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
52 words
A display device as claimed in claim 15 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of metal parts having through-holes, and each of the metal parts having the through-holes is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
126 words
A display device comprising: a plurality of first lines arranged in the same direction; a plurality of second lines arranged perpendicular to the first lines; the light-emitting devices of claim 2 which are placed corresponding to a plurality of pixel areas of the display device which are formed in a matrix of rows and columns by the first lines and the second lines; a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltages of the first lines and the second lines; common power supply lines for supplying driving currents to the light-emitting devices; and thin-film transistors each of which is provided corresponding to each pixel, for receiving a video signal at its gate and controlling the conduction between the common power supply line and the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
49 words
A display device as claimed in claim 18 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of combshaped metal parts, and each of the combshaped metal parts is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
52 words
A display device as claimed in claim 18 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of metal parts having through-holes, and each of the metal parts having the through-holes is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
126 words
A display device comprising: a plurality of first lines arranged in the same direction; a plurality of second lines arranged perpendicular to the first lines; the light-emitting devices of claim 3 which are placed corresponding to a plurality of pixel areas of the display device which are formed in a matrix of rows and columns by the first lines and the second lines; a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltages of the first lines and the second lines; common power supply lines for supplying driving currents to the light-emitting devices; and thin-film transistors each of which is provided corresponding to each pixel, for receiving a video signal at its gate and controlling the conduction between the common power supply line and the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
49 words
A display device as claimed in claim 21 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of combshaped metal parts, and each of the combshaped metal parts is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
52 words
A display device as claimed in claim 21 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of metal parts having through-holes, and each of the metal parts having the through-holes is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
126 words
A display device comprising: a plurality of first lines arranged in the same direction; a plurality of second lines arranged perpendicular to the first lines; the light-emitting devices of claim 4 which are placed corresponding to a plurality of pixel areas of the display device which are formed in a matrix of rows and columns by the first lines and the second lines; a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltages of the first lines and the second lines; common power supply lines for supplying driving currents to the light-emitting devices; and thin-film transistors each of which is provided corresponding to each pixel, for receiving a video signal at its gate and controlling the conduction between the common power supply line and the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
49 words
A display device as claimed in claim 24 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of combshaped metal parts, and each of the combshaped metal parts is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
52 words
A display device as claimed in claim 24 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of metal parts having through-holes, and each of the metal parts having the through-holes is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
126 words
A display device comprising: a plurality of first lines arranged in the same direction; a plurality of second lines arranged perpendicular to the first lines; the light-emitting devices of claim 5 which are placed corresponding to a plurality of pixel areas of the display device which are formed in a matrix of rows and columns by the first lines and the second lines; a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltages of the first lines and the second lines; common power supply lines for supplying driving currents to the light-emitting devices; and thin-film transistors each of which is provided corresponding to each pixel, for receiving a video signal at its gate and controlling the conduction between the common power supply line and the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
49 words
A display device as claimed in claim 27 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of combshaped metal parts, and each of the combshaped metal parts is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
52 words
A display device as claimed in claim 27 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of metal parts having through-holes, and each of the metal parts having the through-holes is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
85 words
A light-emitting device comprising an organic electroluminescent device including one or more organic thin layers at least including a light-emitting layer which are sandwiched between a transparent first electrode formed on a light-transmitting substrate and a second electrode, wherein: the light-transmitting substrate at least includes reflection means for reflecting light emitted by the organic electroluminescent device corresponding to a pixel and thereby preventing the light from entering adjacent pixel areas, and the light-transmitting substrate has a refractive index higher than that of the light-emitting layer.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
85 words
A light-emitting device comprising an organic electroluminescent device including one or more organic thin layers at least including a light-emitting layer which are sandwiched between a transparent first electrode formed on a light-transmitting substrate and a second electrode, wherein: the light-transmitting substrate at least includes reflection means for reflecting light emitted by the organic electroluminescent device corresponding to a pixel and thereby preventing the light from entering adjacent pixel areas, and the light-transmitting substrate has a refractive index higher than that of the light-emitting layer.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
114 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 30 , wherein in a cross section taken along a plane perpendicular to both a reflecting surface of the reflection means and the light-transmitting substrate, the height h of the reflection means measured from a contacting surface of the light-transmitting substrate with the first electrode is set so as to satisfy: h≧H· 4 t /(1+3 t ) where: t=d/D, D: the distance between the centers of two reflection means surrounding the organic electroluminescent device, d: the distance between two reflecting surfaces of the two reflection means facing the organic electroluminescent device, and H: the distance between the contacting surface and an opposite surface of the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
36 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 30 , wherein a surface of the light-transmitting substrate opposite to the first electrode is provided with light-diffusing means for diffusing the light emitted by the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
114 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 32 , wherein in a cross section taken along a plane perpendicular to both a reflecting surface of the reflection means and the light-transmitting substrate, the height h of the reflection means measured from a contacting surface of the light-transmitting substrate with the first electrode is set so as to satisfy: h≧H· 4 t /(1+3 t ) where: t=d/D, D: the distance between the centers of two reflection means surrounding the organic electroluminescent device, d: the distance between two reflecting surfaces of the two reflection means facing the organic electroluminescent device, and H: the distance between the contacting surface and an opposite surface of the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
61 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 30 , wherein a surface of the light-transmitting substrate opposite to the first electrode is provided with a second light-transmitting substrate having a refractive index higher than that of the light-emitting layer and having light-diffusing means for diffusing the light emitted by the organic electroluminescent device on its surface opposite to the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
27 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 34 , wherein the refractive index of the second light-transmitting substrate is set higher than that of the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
22 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 34 , wherein the light-transmitting substrate and the second light-transmitting substrate are formed of resin.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
27 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 36 , further comprising a gas barrier layer which is provided between the light-transmitting substrate and the second light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
28 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 37 , wherein the gas barrier layer is formed of material having gas barrier properties against H 2 O and/or oxygen.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
38 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 37 , further comprising a third light-transmitting substrate having a refractive index higher than that of the light-emitting layer which is provided between the gas barrier layer and the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
24 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 30 , wherein the reflection means is formed by metal that is embedded in the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
29 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 40 , wherein metal whose work function is 4.3 eV or less is employed as the metal embedded in the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
32 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 40 , wherein the metal embedded in the light-transmitting substrate is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
29 words
A light-emitting device as claimed in claim 42 , wherein metal whose work function is 4.3 eV or less is employed as the metal embedded in the light-transmitting substrate.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
126 words
A display device comprising: a plurality of first lines arranged in the same direction; a plurality of second lines arranged perpendicular to the first lines; the light-emitting devices of claim 30 which are placed corresponding to a plurality of pixel areas of the display device which are formed in a matrix of rows and columns by the first lines and the second lines; a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltages of the first lines and the second lines; common power supply lines for supplying driving currents to the light-emitting devices; and thin-film transistors each of which is provided corresponding to each pixel, for receiving a video signal at its gate and controlling the conduction between the common power supply line and the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
49 words
A display device as claimed in claim 44 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of combshaped metal parts, and each of the combshaped metal parts is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
52 words
A display device as claimed in claim 44 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of metal parts having through-holes, and each of the metal parts having the through-holes is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
126 words
A display device comprising: a plurality of first lines arranged in the same direction; a plurality of second lines arranged perpendicular to the first lines; the light-emitting devices of claim 31 which are placed corresponding to a plurality of pixel areas of the display device which are formed in a matrix of rows and columns by the first lines and the second lines; a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltages of the first lines and the second lines; common power supply lines for supplying driving currents to the light-emitting devices; and thin-film transistors each of which is provided corresponding to each pixel, for receiving a video signal at its gate and controlling the conduction between the common power supply line and the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
49 words
A display device as claimed in claim 47 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of combshaped metal parts, and each of the combshaped metal parts is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
52 words
A display device as claimed in claim 47 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of metal parts having through-holes, and each of the metal parts having the through-holes is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
126 words
A display device comprising: a plurality of first lines arranged in the same direction; a plurality of second lines arranged perpendicular to the first lines; the light-emitting devices of claim 32 which are placed corresponding to a plurality of pixel areas of the display device which are formed in a matrix of rows and columns by the first lines and the second lines; a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltages of the first lines and the second lines; common power supply lines for supplying driving currents to the light-emitting devices; and thin-film transistors each of which is provided corresponding to each pixel, for receiving a video signal at its gate and controlling the conduction between the common power supply line and the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
49 words
A display device as claimed in claim 50 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of combshaped metal parts, and each of the combshaped metal parts is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
52 words
A display device as claimed in claim 50 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of metal parts having through-holes, and each of the metal parts having the through-holes is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
126 words
A display device comprising: a plurality of first lines arranged in the same direction; a plurality of second lines arranged perpendicular to the first lines; the light-emitting devices of claim 33 which are placed corresponding to a plurality of pixel areas of the display device which are formed in a matrix of rows and columns by the first lines and the second lines; a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltages of the first lines and the second lines; common power supply lines for supplying driving currents to the light-emitting devices; and thin-film transistors each of which is provided corresponding to each pixel, for receiving a video signal at its gate and controlling the conduction between the common power supply line and the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
49 words
A display device as claimed in claim 53 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of combshaped metal parts, and each of the combshaped metal parts is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
52 words
A display device as claimed in claim 53 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of metal parts having through-holes, and each of the metal parts having the through-holes is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
126 words
A display device comprising: a plurality of first lines arranged in the same direction; a plurality of second lines arranged perpendicular to the first lines; the light-emitting devices of claim 34 which are placed corresponding to a plurality of pixel areas of the display device which are formed in a matrix of rows and columns by the first lines and the second lines; a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltages of the first lines and the second lines; common power supply lines for supplying driving currents to the light-emitting devices; and thin-film transistors each of which is provided corresponding to each pixel, for receiving a video signal at its gate and controlling the conduction between the common power supply line and the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
49 words
A display device as claimed in claim 56 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of combshaped metal parts, and each of the combshaped metal parts is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
52 words
A display device as claimed in claim 56 , wherein: the reflection means of the light-emitting devices are implemented by arranging a plurality of metal parts having through-holes, and each of the metal parts having the through-holes is formed so as to function also as an assist electrode for the first electrode.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
76 words
A light-emitting device comprising an organic electroluminescent device including one or more organic thin layers at least including a light-emitting layer which are sandwiched between a transparent first electrode formed on a light-transmitting substrate and a second electrode, wherein: the light-transmitting substrate has a refractive index of 1.65 or more, and a surface of the light-transmitting substrate opposite to the first electrode is provided with light-diffusing means for diffusing light emitted by the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
76 words
A light-emitting device comprising an organic electroluminescent device including one or more organic thin layers at least including a light-emitting layer which are sandwiched between a transparent first electrode formed on a light-transmitting substrate and a second electrode, wherein: the light-transmitting substrate has a refractive index of 1.65 or more, and a surface of the light-transmitting substrate opposite to the first electrode is provided with light-diffusing means for diffusing light emitted by the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
126 words
A display device comprising: a plurality of first lines arranged in the same direction; a plurality of second lines arranged perpendicular to the first lines; the light-emitting devices of claim 59 which are placed corresponding to a plurality of pixel areas of the display device which are formed in a matrix of rows and columns by the first lines and the second lines; a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltages of the first lines and the second lines; common power supply lines for supplying driving currents to the light-emitting devices; and thin-film transistors each of which is provided corresponding to each pixel, for receiving a video signal at its gate and controlling the conduction between the common power supply line and the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
79 words
A light-emitting device comprising an organic electroluminescent device including one or more organic thin layers at least including a light-emitting layer which are sandwiched between a transparent first electrode formed on a light-transmitting substrate and a second electrode, wherein: the light-transmitting substrate has a refractive index higher than that of the light-emitting layer, and a surface of the light-transmitting substrate opposite to the first electrode is provided with light-diffusing means for diffusing light emitted by the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
79 words
A light-emitting device comprising an organic electroluminescent device including one or more organic thin layers at least including a light-emitting layer which are sandwiched between a transparent first electrode formed on a light-transmitting substrate and a second electrode, wherein: the light-transmitting substrate has a refractive index higher than that of the light-emitting layer, and a surface of the light-transmitting substrate opposite to the first electrode is provided with light-diffusing means for diffusing light emitted by the organic electroluminescent device.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
126 words
A display device comprising: a plurality of first lines arranged in the same direction; a plurality of second lines arranged perpendicular to the first lines; the light-emitting devices of claim 61 which are placed corresponding to a plurality of pixel areas of the display device which are formed in a matrix of rows and columns by the first lines and the second lines; a voltage control circuit for controlling the voltages of the first lines and the second lines; common power supply lines for supplying driving currents to the light-emitting devices; and thin-film transistors each of which is provided corresponding to each pixel, for receiving a video signal at its gate and controlling the conduction between the common power supply line and the organic electroluminescent device.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2007-08-03 | 2008-02-02 | 2008-08-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2011-08-03 | 2012-02-02 | 2012-08-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2015-08-03 | 2016-02-02 | 2016-08-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |