US6232927B1
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Array antenna apparatus for use in spread spectrum communications with a particular interval between antenna elements
Assignee: KDDI Corp
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Filing: 1999-02-17
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Granted: 2001-05-15
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Expires: 2019-02-17
Abstract
Abstract An array antenna apparatus for use in spread spectrum communications is provided including a plurality of antenna elements aligned on a straight line. The array antenna apparatus is used in a receiving station for receiving spread-spectrum modulated radio signals having a wavelength of a predetermined carrier frequency transmitted from transmitting stations using a two-dimensional RAKE receiving method, and for performing spread spectrum communications in code division multiple access. The plurality of antenna elements are aligned such that an interval between antenna elements adjacent to each other among the plurality of antenna elements is set to a value which is larger than one half the wavelength of the carrier frequency and which is equal to or smaller than sixteen times the wavelength of the carrier frequency so as to generate grating lobes. In this case, the interval is preferably set to a value which is an integer or fractional (decimal) multiple of one half the wavelength of the carrier frequency which is greater than unity.
Inventors
- 👤 Takashi Inoue
- 👤 Yoshio Karasawa
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 13:09
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04B; H04B1/00; H04B1/69; H04B1/707; H04B1/7097; H04B1/711; H04B1/7115; H01; H01Q; H01Q21/00; H01Q21/06; H01Q21/08
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
143 words
An array antenna apparatus for use in spread spectrum communications, comprising: a plurality of non-rotatable antenna elements aligned on a straight line, wherein said array antenna apparatus is used in a receiving station for receiving spread-spectrum modulated radio signals having a wavelength of a predetermined carrier frequency transmitted from transmitting stations using a two-dimensional RAKE receiving method, and for performing spread spectrum communications in code division multiple access, and wherein said plurality of antenna elements are aligned such that a uniform interval between antenna elements adjacent to each other among the plurality of antenna elements is set to a value which is larger than one half the wavelength of the carrier frequency and which is equal to or smaller than sixteen times the wavelength of the carrier frequency so as to generate grating lobes, thereby improving a signal to noise power ratio characteristic.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
143 words
An array antenna apparatus for use in spread spectrum communications, comprising: a plurality of non-rotatable antenna elements aligned on a straight line, wherein said array antenna apparatus is used in a receiving station for receiving spread-spectrum modulated radio signals having a wavelength of a predetermined carrier frequency transmitted from transmitting stations using a two-dimensional RAKE receiving method, and for performing spread spectrum communications in code division multiple access, and wherein said plurality of antenna elements are aligned such that a uniform interval between antenna elements adjacent to each other among the plurality of antenna elements is set to a value which is larger than one half the wavelength of the carrier frequency and which is equal to or smaller than sixteen times the wavelength of the carrier frequency so as to generate grating lobes, thereby improving a signal to noise power ratio characteristic.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
The array antenna apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said interval is set to a value which is a multiple greater than unity of one half wavelength of the carrier frequency.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
The array antenna apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said interval is set to a value which is an integer multiple of one half the wavelength of the carrier frequency.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
The array antenna apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said interval is set to a value which is a multiple of a whole number or a fraction thereof which is greater than unity.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
48 words
The array antenna apparatus as claimed in a claim 1 wherein said interval is set to a value which is a multiple of one half the wavelength of the carrier frequency and where the multiple is a fractional or decimal portion of a whole number greater than one.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
131 words
An array antenna apparatus for use in spread spectrum communications, comprising: a plurality of non-rotatable antenna elements aligned on a straight line, wherein said array antenna apparatus is used in a receiving station for receiving spread-spectrum modulated radio signals having a wavelength of a predetermined carrier frequency transmitted from transmitting stations using a two-dimensional RAKE receiving method, and for performing spread spectrum communications in code division multiple access, and wherein said plurality of non-rotatable antenna elements are aligned such that a uniform interval between antenna elements adjacent to each other among the plurality of antenna elements is set to a value which is a multiple, greater than unity, of one half wavelength of the carrier frequency so as to generate grating lobes for improving a signal to noise power ratio characteristic.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
131 words
An array antenna apparatus for use in spread spectrum communications, comprising: a plurality of non-rotatable antenna elements aligned on a straight line, wherein said array antenna apparatus is used in a receiving station for receiving spread-spectrum modulated radio signals having a wavelength of a predetermined carrier frequency transmitted from transmitting stations using a two-dimensional RAKE receiving method, and for performing spread spectrum communications in code division multiple access, and wherein said plurality of non-rotatable antenna elements are aligned such that a uniform interval between antenna elements adjacent to each other among the plurality of antenna elements is set to a value which is a multiple, greater than unity, of one half wavelength of the carrier frequency so as to generate grating lobes for improving a signal to noise power ratio characteristic.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
99 words
A method of generating grating lobes in an array of antenna elements used for receiving spread-spectrum modulated signals having a wavelength of a predetermined carrier frequency, comprising: aligning a plurality of non-rotatable antenna elements in said array in a straight line; and providing a uniform mutual separation between said plurality of non-rotatable antenna elements which is a multiple of one half wavelength of the carrier frequency so as to generate grating lobes and wherein said multiple is greater than unity whereby a plurality of grating lobes are generated so as to improve a signal to noise power ratio characteristic.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
99 words
A method of generating grating lobes in an array of antenna elements used for receiving spread-spectrum modulated signals having a wavelength of a predetermined carrier frequency, comprising: aligning a plurality of non-rotatable antenna elements in said array in a straight line; and providing a uniform mutual separation between said plurality of non-rotatable antenna elements which is a multiple of one half wavelength of the carrier frequency so as to generate grating lobes and wherein said multiple is greater than unity whereby a plurality of grating lobes are generated so as to improve a signal to noise power ratio characteristic.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 7 wherein said multiple comprises a whole number greater than unity.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 7 wherein said multiple comprises a fractional or decimal portion of a whole number greater than unity.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method according to claim 7 wherein said separation is greater than one half wavelength of the carrier frequency or equal to or less than sixteen times said one half wavelength.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2004-05-14 | 2004-11-13 | 2005-05-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2008-05-14 | 2008-11-13 | 2009-05-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2012-05-14 | 2012-11-13 | 2013-05-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |