US6057739A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Phase-locked loop with variable parameters
Assignee: Advanced Micro Devices Inc
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Filing: 1997-09-26
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Granted: 2000-05-02
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Expires: 2017-09-26
Abstract
Abstract An electronic system such as a processor or computer system includes a phase-locked loop (PLL) having a PLL parameter modification circuit. In one embodiment, the PLL parameter modification circuit may be programmed to provide one of several current control signals to a charge pump. Additionally, the PLL parameter modification circuit may be programmed to alter a loop filter transfer function by selectively changing resistance and/or capacitance values of the loop filter. Each current control signal modifies the charge pump output control voltage to a VCO differently, and, thus, modifying the current control signals to the charge pump effectively modifies the bandwidth of the PLL. In one embodiment, the PLL parameter modification circuit modifies current control signals to the charge pump by selectively inserting and removing, in accordance with programmable register bit(s) states, diode configured transistors in a current mirror configuration. Thus, a ratio of the output current of the current mirror i.e. the current control signals, to a current reference signal may be programmably modified to modify the bandwidth and lock time parameters of the PLL. The PLL parameter modification may modify the resistive and capacitive parameters of the loop filter by selecting configuring multiple resistors and capacitors to form one of many equivalent circuits.
Inventors
- 👤 Matthew P. Crowley
- 👤 Mark G. Johnson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 17:04
CPC Classifications
H; H03; H03L; H03L7/00; H03L7/06; H03L7/08; H03L7/085; H03L7/089; H03L7/0891; H03L7/0895; H03L7/0898; G; G06; G06F; G06F1/00; G06F1/04; G06F1/10; H03L7/093; H03L7/16; H03L7/18; H03L7/183
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
162 words
An electronic system comprising: a phase-locked loop (PLL) having a PLL parameter modification circuit to receive PLL parameter modification data and to modify an operational parameter of the PLL in accordance with the PLL parameter modification data; wherein the PLL parameter modification circuit further comprises: a programmable current source to provide at least an UP charge pump output control signal and a DOWN charge pump output control signal; and wherein the programmable current source further comprises: a control current source to provide a reference current; an UP control current source to provide the UP charge pump output control signal; a DOWN control current source to provide the DOWN charge pump output control signal; and programmable circuitry to modify a ratio between the reference current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals, wherein the ratio between the reference current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals is a programmable ratio in accordance with the parameter modification data.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
162 words
An electronic system comprising: a phase-locked loop (PLL) having a PLL parameter modification circuit to receive PLL parameter modification data and to modify an operational parameter of the PLL in accordance with the PLL parameter modification data; wherein the PLL parameter modification circuit further comprises: a programmable current source to provide at least an UP charge pump output control signal and a DOWN charge pump output control signal; and wherein the programmable current source further comprises: a control current source to provide a reference current; an UP control current source to provide the UP charge pump output control signal; a DOWN control current source to provide the DOWN charge pump output control signal; and programmable circuitry to modify a ratio between the reference current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals, wherein the ratio between the reference current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals is a programmable ratio in accordance with the parameter modification data.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
32 words
The electronic system as in claim 1 further comprising: a programmable register for storing the PLL parameter modification data and providing the PLL parameter modification data to the PLL parameter modification circuit.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
The electronic system as in claim 1 further comprising: a processor having circuitry coupled to the PLL; a memory coupled to the processor; and an input/output device coupled to the processor.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electronic system as in claim 1 wherein the programmable circuitry comprises programmable current mirrors.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
264 words
A processor comprising: a register for storing phase-locked loop (PLL) parameter modification data; and a PLL comprising: input terminals to receive a first signal and a second signal; a phase detector, coupled to the input terminals, to detect any change in a predetermined phase relationship between the first and second signals and to provide a control signal responsive to any change in the predetermined phase relationship; a charge pump coupled to the phase detector to receive the phase detector control signal and having an output control signal responsive to the phase detector control signal wherein the charge pump further includes a PLL modification circuit capable of modifying the charge pump output control signal at least into an UP charge pump output control signal and a DOWN charge pump output control signal in accordance with the PLL parameter modification data; a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) having an output signal with a frequency of the VCO output signal being responsive to the charge pump output control signal; and wherein the PLL parameter modification circuit further comprises: a programmable current source; and wherein the programmable current source further comprises: a current source to provide a reference current; an UP control current source to provide the UP charge pump output control signal; a DOWN control current source to provide the DOWN charge pump output control signal; and programmable circuitry to modify a ratio between the reference current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals, wherein the ratio between the reference current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals is a programmable ratio.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
264 words
A processor comprising: a register for storing phase-locked loop (PLL) parameter modification data; and a PLL comprising: input terminals to receive a first signal and a second signal; a phase detector, coupled to the input terminals, to detect any change in a predetermined phase relationship between the first and second signals and to provide a control signal responsive to any change in the predetermined phase relationship; a charge pump coupled to the phase detector to receive the phase detector control signal and having an output control signal responsive to the phase detector control signal wherein the charge pump further includes a PLL modification circuit capable of modifying the charge pump output control signal at least into an UP charge pump output control signal and a DOWN charge pump output control signal in accordance with the PLL parameter modification data; a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) having an output signal with a frequency of the VCO output signal being responsive to the charge pump output control signal; and wherein the PLL parameter modification circuit further comprises: a programmable current source; and wherein the programmable current source further comprises: a current source to provide a reference current; an UP control current source to provide the UP charge pump output control signal; a DOWN control current source to provide the DOWN charge pump output control signal; and programmable circuitry to modify a ratio between the reference current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals, wherein the ratio between the reference current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals is a programmable ratio.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
The processor as in claim 5 further comprising: a loop filter having a first node coupled to an input node of the VCO and having a programmable impedance.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The processor as in claim 5 wherein the programmable circuitry comprises programmable current mirrors.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
94 words
The processor as in claim 7 wherein at least one of the programmable current mirrors comprises: a first transistor having a gate coupled to the current source and to a control terminal of the DOWN control current source; a first switch coupled between a drain and the gate of the first transistor; a second transistor having a gate coupled to the first transistor gate; and a second switch coupled between a drain and the gate of the second transistor, wherein conductivity of the first and second switches is determined by the PLL modification data.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
137 words
The processor as in claim 8 wherein the programmable current source further comprises: a third transistor having a gate coupled to the gate of the first transistor, wherein the first, second, and third transistors have sources coupled to a common potential reference terminal; a diode connected fourth transistor having a source coupled to a voltage source terminal and a drain coupled to the drain of the third transistor; wherein the UP control current source further comprises a fifth transistor having a gate coupled to a gate of the fourth transistor, a source coupled to the voltage source terminal, and a drain; and wherein the DOWN control current source further comprises a sixth transistor having a gate coupled to the gate of the third transistor, a source coupled to the source of the third transistor, and a drain.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
71 words
The processor as in claim 9 further comprising a switch coupled to the drains of the UP and DOWN control current sources, wherein the phase detector selects the UP control current source to provide the UP charge pump output control signal to increase the VCO output signal frequency and selects the DOWN current control source to provide the DOWN charge pump output control signal to decrease the VCO output signal frequency.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
236 words
An apparatus comprising: a phase-locked loop having a charge pump coupled to a loop filter and a voltage controlled oscillator coupled to the loop filter, and the phase-locked loop having a natural frequency, ωn, defined at least approximately by: ##EQU2## parameter modification circuitry to modify in accordance with programmable data one or both of the Ipump and C1 variables, wherein Ipump is a charge pump current supplied to the loop filter, Kosc is a voltage gain of the voltage controlled oscillator, Z is any frequency divisor of an output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator, M is any feedback divisor of the phase-locked loop, and C1 is a capacitance of the loop filter; wherein the parameter modification circuitry further comprises: a programmable current source to provide at least an UP charge pump output control signal and a DOWN charge pump output control signal; and wherein the programmable current source further comprises: a current source to provide a reference current; an UP control current source to provide the UP charge pump output control signal; a DOWN control current source to provide the DOWN charge pump output control signal; and programmable circuitry to modify a ratio between the reference current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals, wherein the ratio between the control current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals is a programmable ratio in accordance with the parameter modification data.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
236 words
An apparatus comprising: a phase-locked loop having a charge pump coupled to a loop filter and a voltage controlled oscillator coupled to the loop filter, and the phase-locked loop having a natural frequency, ωn, defined at least approximately by: ##EQU2## parameter modification circuitry to modify in accordance with programmable data one or both of the Ipump and C1 variables, wherein Ipump is a charge pump current supplied to the loop filter, Kosc is a voltage gain of the voltage controlled oscillator, Z is any frequency divisor of an output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator, M is any feedback divisor of the phase-locked loop, and C1 is a capacitance of the loop filter; wherein the parameter modification circuitry further comprises: a programmable current source to provide at least an UP charge pump output control signal and a DOWN charge pump output control signal; and wherein the programmable current source further comprises: a current source to provide a reference current; an UP control current source to provide the UP charge pump output control signal; a DOWN control current source to provide the DOWN charge pump output control signal; and programmable circuitry to modify a ratio between the reference current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals, wherein the ratio between the control current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals is a programmable ratio in accordance with the parameter modification data.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
51 words
The apparatus as in claim 11 wherein the phase-locked loop further includes a damping factor, ζ, defined at least approximately by: ζ=(ωn)(τ)/2; and wherein the parameter modification circuitry further being capable of modifying the τ variable of the damping factor, wherein τ=R2*C1 and R2 is a resistance of the loop filter.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
101 words
A method comprising: programmably modifying phase-locked loop operational parameters in accordance with parameter modification data; wherein programmably modifying phase-locked loop operational parameters comprises: modifying a charge pump output current; and providing a control voltage, corresponding to the modified charge pump output current, to a voltage controlled oscillator; wherein modifying the charge pump output current comprises: providing a reference current; providing an UP charge pump output control signal; providing a DOWN charge pump output control signal; modifying a programmable ratio between the reference current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals to generate the modified charge pump output current.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
101 words
A method comprising: programmably modifying phase-locked loop operational parameters in accordance with parameter modification data; wherein programmably modifying phase-locked loop operational parameters comprises: modifying a charge pump output current; and providing a control voltage, corresponding to the modified charge pump output current, to a voltage controlled oscillator; wherein modifying the charge pump output current comprises: providing a reference current; providing an UP charge pump output control signal; providing a DOWN charge pump output control signal; modifying a programmable ratio between the reference current and the UP and DOWN charge pump output control signals to generate the modified charge pump output current.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method as in claim 13 wherein the phase-locked loop operational parameters comprise a natural frequency of the phase-locked loop and a damping factor of the phase-locked loop.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
91 words
The method as in claim 13 wherein modifying the charge pump output current comprises: providing a reference current to a current mirror circuit that includes a plurality of parallel coupled, diode coupled transistors, wherein at least one of the diode coupled transistors includes a switch coupled between a current terminal and control terminal of the transistor, and the output current of the current mirror is the charge pump output current; and altering conductivity of the switch in accordance with a programmable signal to modify the output current of the current mirror.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
58 words
The method as in claim 13 wherein programmably modifying phase-locked loop operational parameters comprises: providing the modified charge pump output current to a loop filter; modifying a transfer function of the loop filter; and providing the control voltage to the voltage controlled oscillator in accordance with the modified charge pump output current and the loop filter transfer function.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method as in claim 16 wherein modifying a transfer function of the loop filter comprises: modifying a resistance of the loop filter.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method as in claim 17 wherein modifying a transfer function of the loop filter further comprises: modifying a capacitance of the loop filter.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method as in claim 16 wherein modifying a transfer function of the loop filter comprises: modifying a capacitance of the loop filter.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
132 words
A method comprising programmably modifying phase-locked loop operational parameters in accordance with parameter modification data; wherein programmably modifying phase-locked loop operational parameters comprises: modifying a charge pump output current; and providing a control voltage, corresponding to the modified charge pump output current, to a voltage controlled oscillator; wherein modifying the charge pump output current comprises: providing a reference current to a current mirror circuit that includes a plurality of parallel coupled, diode coupled transistors, wherein at least one of the diode coupled transistors includes a switch coupled between a current terminal and control terminal of the transistor, and the output current of the current mirror is the charge pump output current; and altering conductivity of the switch in accordance with a programmable signal to modifying the output current of the current mirror.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
132 words
A method comprising programmably modifying phase-locked loop operational parameters in accordance with parameter modification data; wherein programmably modifying phase-locked loop operational parameters comprises: modifying a charge pump output current; and providing a control voltage, corresponding to the modified charge pump output current, to a voltage controlled oscillator; wherein modifying the charge pump output current comprises: providing a reference current to a current mirror circuit that includes a plurality of parallel coupled, diode coupled transistors, wherein at least one of the diode coupled transistors includes a switch coupled between a current terminal and control terminal of the transistor, and the output current of the current mirror is the charge pump output current; and altering conductivity of the switch in accordance with a programmable signal to modifying the output current of the current mirror.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
58 words
The method as in claim 20 wherein programmably modifying phase-locked loop operational parameters comprises: providing the modified charge pump output current to a loop filter; modifying a transfer function of the loop filter; and providing the control voltage to the voltage controlled oscillator in accordance with the modified charge pump output current and the loop filter transfer function.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method as in claim 20 wherein the phase-locked loop operational parameters comprise a natural frequency of the phase-locked loop and a damping factor of the phase-locked loop.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2003-05-02 | 2003-11-01 | 2004-05-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2007-05-02 | 2007-11-01 | 2008-05-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2011-05-02 | 2011-11-01 | 2012-05-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |