US5963905A — Method and apparatus for improving acoustic fast …

Claim 1

Independent Claim 198 words

A method for performing a tree search based acoustic fast match in a speech recognition system for decoding a speech utterance, the tree having a tree root and tree nodes connected by tree branches, the tree nodes having phonetic models associated therewith, the method comprising the steps of: (a) providing a cache having cache cells for storing phone probabilities therein; (b) selecting a first branch leading to a next node, said branch selection starting at the tree root; (c) accessing the cache to select a particular cache cell where the probability of a particular match is stored; (d) evaluating the phonetic model to obtain the probability and storing the probability and an associated end time in the cache cell, if the cache cell accessed in the accessing step does not contain the required probability; (e) using the probability value and the associated end time stored in the cache cell, if the cache cell accessed in the accessing step contains the required probability; (f) selecting a new branch to proceed to the next node; and (g) iteratively continuing from the accessing step until the tree is traversed and the word candidates associated with the speech recognition system are evaluated.

Claim 2

Independent Claim 198 words

A method for performing a tree search based acoustic fast match in a speech recognition system for decoding a speech utterance, the tree having a tree root and tree nodes connected by tree branches, the tree nodes having phonetic models associated therewith, the method comprising the steps of: (a) providing a cache having cache cells for storing phone probabilities therein; (b) selecting a first branch leading to a next node, said branch selection starting at the tree root; (c) accessing the cache to select a particular cache cell where the probability of a particular match is stored; (d) evaluating the phonetic model to obtain the probability and storing the probability and an associated end time in the cache cell, if the cache cell accessed in the accessing step does not contain the required probability; (e) using the probability value and the associated end time stored in the cache cell, if the cache cell accessed in the accessing step contains the required probability; (f) selecting a new branch to proceed to the next node; and (g) iteratively continuing from the accessing step until the tree is traversed and the word candidates associated with the speech recognition system are evaluated.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 20 words

The method of claim 1, wherein step (g) further includes traversing the whole tree and evaluating all possible word candidates.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 14 words

The method of claim 1, wherein the cache is accessed as a two-dimensional array.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 14 words

The method of claim 1, wherein the cache is accessed as a three-dimensional array.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 40 words

The method of claim 4, wherein the cache cell is selected in the accessing step based on the identity of a corresponding current phone, the identity of a corresponding previous phone, and a corresponding end time of the previous phone.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 24 words

The method of claim 5, wherein the corresponding current phone identity of the current phone is associated with the next node of step (b).

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 18 words

The method of claim 5, wherein the corresponding previous phone identity is associated with a corresponding previous node.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 19 words

The method of claim 5, wherein combinations of current phones and previous phones are mapped into the cache cells.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 48 words

The method of claim 1, wherein the step of accessing the cache comprises: mapping an identity of a current phone and an identity of a previous phone into a di-phone index; determining if, for a certain di-phone, an index exists; and quantizing and mapping an end time value.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 34 words

The method of claim 9, wherein the accessing step further includes inserting an earlier access time into a cache cell to indicate that said cell contains a probability relevant to a subsequent access time.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 27 words

The method of claim 9, wherein the accessing step further comprises discarding a probability stored in a cell when a selected cell indicates an earlier access time.

Claim 13

Independent Claim 198 words

An apparatus for performing a tree search based acoustic fast match, the tree having a tree root and tree nodes connected by tree branches, the tree nodes having phonetic models associated therewith, the apparatus comprising: (a) a cache having cache cells for storing phone probabilities therein; (b) means for selecting a first branch leading to a next node, said branch selection starting at the tree root; (c) means for accessing the cache to select a particular cache cell where the probability of a particular match is stored; (d) means for evaluating the phonetic model to obtain the probability and storing the probability and an associated end time in the cache cell, if the cache cell accessed in the accessing step does not contain the required probability; (e) means for using the probability value and the associated end time stored in the cache cell, if the cache cell accessed in the accessing step contains the required probability; and (f) means for selecting a new branch to proceed to the next node and iteratively continuing from the accessing function of the accessing means until the tree is traversed and the word candidates associated with the speech recognition system are evaluated.

Claim 14

Independent Claim 198 words

An apparatus for performing a tree search based acoustic fast match, the tree having a tree root and tree nodes connected by tree branches, the tree nodes having phonetic models associated therewith, the apparatus comprising: (a) a cache having cache cells for storing phone probabilities therein; (b) means for selecting a first branch leading to a next node, said branch selection starting at the tree root; (c) means for accessing the cache to select a particular cache cell where the probability of a particular match is stored; (d) means for evaluating the phonetic model to obtain the probability and storing the probability and an associated end time in the cache cell, if the cache cell accessed in the accessing step does not contain the required probability; (e) means for using the probability value and the associated end time stored in the cache cell, if the cache cell accessed in the accessing step contains the required probability; and (f) means for selecting a new branch to proceed to the next node and iteratively continuing from the accessing function of the accessing means until the tree is traversed and the word candidates associated with the speech recognition system are evaluated.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 30 words

The apparatus of claim 12, wherein an earlier access time is inserted into a cache cell to indicate that said cell contains a probability relevant to a subsequent access time.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 25 words

The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising means for discarding a probability stored in a cell when a selected cell indicates an earlier access time.

Claim 17

Independent Claim 96 words

An apparatus for performing a tree search based acoustic fast match, comprising: means for performing an iterative search in a local time region; a cache having cache cells for storing phone probabilities therein; means for mapping an identity of a current phone and an identity of a previous phone into a di-phone index; means for quantizing and mapping an end time value; means for determining if, for a certain di-phone, an index exists; and means for selecting a cache cell with respect to a particular end time value if, for a certain di-phone, an index exists.

Claim 18

Independent Claim 96 words

An apparatus for performing a tree search based acoustic fast match, comprising: means for performing an iterative search in a local time region; a cache having cache cells for storing phone probabilities therein; means for mapping an identity of a current phone and an identity of a previous phone into a di-phone index; means for quantizing and mapping an end time value; means for determining if, for a certain di-phone, an index exists; and means for selecting a cache cell with respect to a particular end time value if, for a certain di-phone, an index exists.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 30 words

The apparatus of claim 15, wherein an earlier access time is inserted into a cache cell to indicate that said cell contains a probability relevant to a subsequent access time.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 25 words

The apparatus of claim 15, further comprising means for discarding a probability stored in a cell when a selected cell indicates an earlier access time.

Claim 21

Independent Claim 260 words

A method for improving tree search based acoustic fast match speed using a cache for phone probabilities, comprising the steps of: (a) inputting the identity of a current phone, the identity of a previous phone, and the end time of the previous phone; (b) mapping a cache cell; (c) determining whether a cell exists; (d) evaluating a phone model, if the cell determined at step (c) does not exist; (e) determining whether the value is valid, if the cell determined at step (c) exists; (f) using a cache value determined at step (e), if the value determined at step (e) is valid; (g) determining whether the previous phone was computed, if the value determined at step (e) is not valid; (h) evaluating the phone model and storing the results in cache, if the previous phone was computed at step (g); (i) moving one phone backward, if the previous phone determined at step (g) was not computed; (j) determining whether the previous phone was computed; (k) going back to step (i), if the previous phone determined at step (j) was not computed; (l) evaluating the phone model and moving one phone forward, if the previous phone determined at step (j) was computed; (m) determining whether the one move forward is back to the current phone; (n) going back to step (l), if the one move forward is not back to the current phone as determined in step (m); and (o) evaluating the phone model and storing the results in cache, if back to the current phone as determined in step (m).

Claim 22

Independent Claim 260 words

A method for improving tree search based acoustic fast match speed using a cache for phone probabilities, comprising the steps of: (a) inputting the identity of a current phone, the identity of a previous phone, and the end time of the previous phone; (b) mapping a cache cell; (c) determining whether a cell exists; (d) evaluating a phone model, if the cell determined at step (c) does not exist; (e) determining whether the value is valid, if the cell determined at step (c) exists; (f) using a cache value determined at step (e), if the value determined at step (e) is valid; (g) determining whether the previous phone was computed, if the value determined at step (e) is not valid; (h) evaluating the phone model and storing the results in cache, if the previous phone was computed at step (g); (i) moving one phone backward, if the previous phone determined at step (g) was not computed; (j) determining whether the previous phone was computed; (k) going back to step (i), if the previous phone determined at step (j) was not computed; (l) evaluating the phone model and moving one phone forward, if the previous phone determined at step (j) was computed; (m) determining whether the one move forward is back to the current phone; (n) going back to step (l), if the one move forward is not back to the current phone as determined in step (m); and (o) evaluating the phone model and storing the results in cache, if back to the current phone as determined in step (m).

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	2002-10-04	2003-04-05	2003-10-05	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	2006-10-04	2007-04-05	2007-10-05	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	2010-10-04	2011-04-05	2011-10-05	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Method and apparatus for improving acoustic fast match speed using a cache for phone probabilities

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