US5961672A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Stabilized anode for lithium-polymer batteries
Assignee: Sion Power Corp
•
Filing: 1997-07-07
•
Granted: 1999-10-05
•
Expires: 2017-07-07
Abstract
Abstract The invention relates to thin film solid state electrochemical cells consisting of a lithium metal anode, a polymer electrolyte and a cathode, where the lithium anode has been stabilized with a polymer film capable of transmitting lithium ions. Methods for making battery cells using the anode stabilizing films of the invention are disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Terje A. Skotheim
- 👤 Grigorii L. Soloveichik
- 👤 Alexei B. Gavrilov
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 20:34
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/13; H01M10/00; H01M10/05; H01M10/052; H01M10/056; H01M10/0564; H01M10/0565; H01M50/00; H01M50/40; H01M50/409; H01M50/411; H01M50/414; H01M50/46; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10; Y02T; Y02T10/00; Y02T10/60; Y02T10/70; Y10; Y10T; Y10T29/00; Y10T29/49; Y10T29/49002; Y10T29/49108; Y10T29/49115
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 60
Claim 1
Independent Claim
118 words
A method for making a battery cell, said method comprising: (a) providing a lithium anode having a lithium surface; (b) providing a non-aqueous organic electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt; (c) depositing on said lithium surface an anode stabilizing film, wherein said anode stabilizing film is deposited by vacuum deposition using a monomeric or oligomeric starting material, and wherein said anode stabilizing film has a chemical structure which is different than the chemical structure of said monomeric or oligomeric starting material; and, (d) providing a cathode comprising a cathode active material; wherein: said anode stabilizing film is interposed between said lithium anode and said electrolyte; and, said electrolyte is interposed between said anode stabilizing film and said cathode.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
118 words
A method for making a battery cell, said method comprising: (a) providing a lithium anode having a lithium surface; (b) providing a non-aqueous organic electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt; (c) depositing on said lithium surface an anode stabilizing film, wherein said anode stabilizing film is deposited by vacuum deposition using a monomeric or oligomeric starting material, and wherein said anode stabilizing film has a chemical structure which is different than the chemical structure of said monomeric or oligomeric starting material; and, (d) providing a cathode comprising a cathode active material; wherein: said anode stabilizing film is interposed between said lithium anode and said electrolyte; and, said electrolyte is interposed between said anode stabilizing film and said cathode.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said anode stabilizing film has a thickness in the range of 0.01 to 10 micrometers.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said anode stabilizing film has a thickness in the range of 0.01 to 0.1 micrometers.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said anode stabilizing film has a thickness in the range of 0.1 to 5.0 micrometers.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said anode stabilizing film is deposited on said lithium surface by vacuum deposition using a monomeric starting material, and wherein said monomeric starting material is acetylene.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 5, wherein said anode stabilizing film is deposited at a temperature of 25° C. or greater.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 5, wherein said anode stabilizing film is deposited at a temperature of 100° C. or greater.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said anode stabilizing film is deposited on said lithium surface by plasma-assisted vacuum evaporation.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said anode stabilizing film is deposited on said lithium surface by vacuum deposition using a conjugated oligomeric starting material.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 9, wherein said conjugated oligomeric starting material is selected from the group consisting of: poly(p-phenylene), polyacetylene, poly(phenylene vinylene), polyazulene, poly(perinaphthalene), polyacenes, and poly(naphthalene-2,6-diyl).
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte is a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte is a polymer electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 12, wherein said polymer electrolyte is a single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 12, wherein said polymer electrolyte is a gel polymer electrolyte.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
63 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of: LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiSO 3 CF 3 , LiSO 3 CH 3 , LiBF 4 , LiB(Ph) 4 , LiPF 6 , LiC(SO 2 CF 3 ) 3 , LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , and lithium salts of fluorosulfonated phenols and pyrroles.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said cathode comprises a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of: inorganic insertion oxides, inorganic insertion sulfides, organo-sulfur compounds and conjugated polymers.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said cathode active material comprises elemental sulfur.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 16, wherein said cathode active material comprises an organ-sulfur compound.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said battery cell further comprises a current collector for said anode, a separate current collector for said cathode and suitable encapsulation to prevent the penetration of air and moisture.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
126 words
A method for making a battery cell, said method comprising: (a) providing a lithium anode having a lithium surface; (b) providing a non-aqueous organic electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt; (c) depositing on said lithium surface an electrically conducting crosslinked polymer film by vacuum deposition using a monomeric or oligomeric starting material, and wherein said polymer film has a chemical structure which is different than the chemical structure of said monomeric or oligomeric starting material; and, (d) providing a cathode comprising a cathode active material; wherein: said polymer film is interposed between said lithium anode and said electrolyte; said electrolyte is interposed between said polymer film and said cathode; and, said polymer film is capable of transmitting lithium ions between said lithium anode and said electrolyte.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
126 words
A method for making a battery cell, said method comprising: (a) providing a lithium anode having a lithium surface; (b) providing a non-aqueous organic electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt; (c) depositing on said lithium surface an electrically conducting crosslinked polymer film by vacuum deposition using a monomeric or oligomeric starting material, and wherein said polymer film has a chemical structure which is different than the chemical structure of said monomeric or oligomeric starting material; and, (d) providing a cathode comprising a cathode active material; wherein: said polymer film is interposed between said lithium anode and said electrolyte; said electrolyte is interposed between said polymer film and said cathode; and, said polymer film is capable of transmitting lithium ions between said lithium anode and said electrolyte.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said electrically conducting crosslinked polymer film is deposited on said lithium surface by plasma-assisted vacuum evaporation.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said electrically conducting crosslinked polymer film is deposited on said lithium surface using a conjugated oligomeric starting material.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 22, wherein said conjugated oligomeric starting material is selected from the group consisting of: poly(p-phenylene), polyacetylene, poly(phenylene vinylene), polyazulene, poly(perinaphthalene), polyacenes, and poly(naphthalene-2,6-diyl).
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said electrolyte is a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said electrolyte is a polymer electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 25, wherein said polymer electrolyte is a single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 25, wherein said polymer electrolyte is a gel polymer electrolyte.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
63 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of: LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiSO 3 CF 3 , LiSO 3 CH 3 , LiBF 4 , LiB(Ph) 4 , LiPF 6 , LiC(SO 2 CF 3 ) 3 , LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , and lithium salts of fluorosulfonated phenols and pyrroles.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said cathode comprises a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of: inorganic insertion oxides, inorganic insertion sulfides, organo-sulfur compounds and conjugated polymers.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said cathode active material comprises elemental sulfur.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 29, wherein said cathode active material comprises an organo-sulfur compound.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said battery cell further comprises a current collector for said anode, a separate current collector for said cathode and suitable encapsulation to prevent the penetration of air and moisture.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
171 words
A method for making a battery cell, said method comprising: (a) providing a lithium anode having a lithium surface; (b) providing a non-aqueous organic electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt; (c) depositing on said lithium surface a lithium ion conducting polymer film by vacuum deposition using a monomeric or oligomeric starting material, and wherein said polymer film has a chemical structure which is different than the chemical structure of said monomeric or oligomeric starting material; and, (d) providing a cathode comprising a cathode active material; wherein: said polymer film is interposed between said lithium anode and said electrolyte; said electrolyte is interposed between said polymer film and said cathode; and, said polymer film is doped electrically conductive by incorporation of lithium ions, is capable of transmitting lithium ions between said lithium anode and said electrolyte, is capable of stabilizing said lithium anode against formation of dendrites, is capable of dissolving dendrites, and is capable of stabilizing said lithium anode against reaction with said electrolyte to form a more resistive interfacial layer.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
171 words
A method for making a battery cell, said method comprising: (a) providing a lithium anode having a lithium surface; (b) providing a non-aqueous organic electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt; (c) depositing on said lithium surface a lithium ion conducting polymer film by vacuum deposition using a monomeric or oligomeric starting material, and wherein said polymer film has a chemical structure which is different than the chemical structure of said monomeric or oligomeric starting material; and, (d) providing a cathode comprising a cathode active material; wherein: said polymer film is interposed between said lithium anode and said electrolyte; said electrolyte is interposed between said polymer film and said cathode; and, said polymer film is doped electrically conductive by incorporation of lithium ions, is capable of transmitting lithium ions between said lithium anode and said electrolyte, is capable of stabilizing said lithium anode against formation of dendrites, is capable of dissolving dendrites, and is capable of stabilizing said lithium anode against reaction with said electrolyte to form a more resistive interfacial layer.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 33, wherein said lithium ion conducting polymer film is deposited on said lithium surface using a monomeric starting material, and said monomeric starting material is acetylene.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 33, wherein said lithium ion conducting polymer film is deposited on said lithium surface by plasma-assisted vacuum evaporation.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 33, wherein said lithium ion conducting polymer film is deposited on said lithium surface using a conjugated oligomeric starting material.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 36, wherein said conjugated oligomeric starting material is selected from the group consisting of: poly(p-phenylene), polyacetylene, poly(phenylene vinylene), polyazulene, poly(perinaphthalene), polyacenes, and poly(naphthalene-2,6-diyl).
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 33, wherein said electrolyte is a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 33, wherein said electrolyte is a polymer electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 39, wherein said polymer electrolyte is a single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 39, wherein said polymer electrolyte is a gel polymer electrolyte.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
63 words
The method of claim 33, wherein said lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of: LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiSO 3 CF 3 , LiSO 3 CH 3 , LiBF 4 , LiB(Ph) 4 , LiPF 6 , LiC(SO 2 CF 3 ) 3 , LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , and lithium salts of fluorosulfonated phenols and pyrroles.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 33, wherein said cathode comprises a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of: inorganic insertion oxides, inorganic insertion sulfides, organo-sulfur compounds and conjugated polymers.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 33, wherein said cathode active material comprises elemental sulfur.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 43, wherein said cathode active material comprises an organo-sulfur compound.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 33, wherein said battery cell further comprises a current collector for said anode, a separate current collector for said cathode and suitable encapsulation to prevent the penetration of air and moisture.
Claim 50
Independent Claim
127 words
A method for making a battery cell, said method comprising: (a) providing a lithium anode; (b) providing a non-aqueous polymer electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt and having an electrolyte surface; (c) depositing on said electrolyte surface an electrically conducting crosslinked polymer film by vacuum deposition using a monomeric or oligomeric starting material, and wherein said polymer film has a chemical structure which is different than the chemical structure of said monomeric or oligomeric starting material; and, (d) providing a cathode comprising a cathode active material; wherein: said polymer film is interposed between said lithium anode and said electrolyte; said electrolyte is interposed between said polymer film and said cathode; and, said polymer film is capable of transmitting lithium ions between said lithium anode and said electrolyte.
Claim 51
Independent Claim
127 words
A method for making a battery cell, said method comprising: (a) providing a lithium anode; (b) providing a non-aqueous polymer electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt and having an electrolyte surface; (c) depositing on said electrolyte surface an electrically conducting crosslinked polymer film by vacuum deposition using a monomeric or oligomeric starting material, and wherein said polymer film has a chemical structure which is different than the chemical structure of said monomeric or oligomeric starting material; and, (d) providing a cathode comprising a cathode active material; wherein: said polymer film is interposed between said lithium anode and said electrolyte; said electrolyte is interposed between said polymer film and said cathode; and, said polymer film is capable of transmitting lithium ions between said lithium anode and said electrolyte.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 47, wherein said electrically conducting crosslinked polymer film is deposited on said electrolyte surface by plasma-assisted vacuum evaporation.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 47, wherein said electrically conducting crosslinked polymer film is deposited on said electrolyte surface using a conjugated oligomeric starting material.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 49, wherein said conjugated oligomeric starting material is selected from the group consisting of: poly(p-phenylene), polyacetylene, poly(phenylene vinylene), polyazulene, poly(perinaphthalene), polyacenes, and poly(naphthalene-2,6-diyl).
Claim 55
Independent Claim
172 words
A method for making a battery cell, said method comprising: (a) providing a lithium anode; (b) providing a non-aqueous polymer electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt and having an electrolyte surface; (c) depositing on said electrolyte surface a lithium ion conducting polymer film by vacuum deposition using a monomeric or oligomeric starting material, and wherein said polymer film has a chemical structure which is different than the chemical structure of said monomeric or oligomeric starting material; and, (d) providing a cathode comprising a cathode active material; wherein: said polymer film is interposed between said lithium anode and said electrolyte; said electrolyte is interposed between said polymer film and said cathode; and, said polymer film is doped electrically conductive by incorporation of lithium ions, is capable of transmitting lithium ions between said lithium anode and said electrolyte, is capable of stabilizing said lithium anode against formation of dendrites, is capable of dissolving dendrites, and is capable of stabilizing said lithium anode against reaction with said electrolyte to form a more resistive interfacial layer.
Claim 56
Independent Claim
172 words
A method for making a battery cell, said method comprising: (a) providing a lithium anode; (b) providing a non-aqueous polymer electrolyte containing a dissolved lithium salt and having an electrolyte surface; (c) depositing on said electrolyte surface a lithium ion conducting polymer film by vacuum deposition using a monomeric or oligomeric starting material, and wherein said polymer film has a chemical structure which is different than the chemical structure of said monomeric or oligomeric starting material; and, (d) providing a cathode comprising a cathode active material; wherein: said polymer film is interposed between said lithium anode and said electrolyte; said electrolyte is interposed between said polymer film and said cathode; and, said polymer film is doped electrically conductive by incorporation of lithium ions, is capable of transmitting lithium ions between said lithium anode and said electrolyte, is capable of stabilizing said lithium anode against formation of dendrites, is capable of dissolving dendrites, and is capable of stabilizing said lithium anode against reaction with said electrolyte to form a more resistive interfacial layer.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 51, wherein said lithium ion conducting polymer film is deposited on said electrolyte surface by plasma-assisted vacuum evaporation.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 51, wherein said lithium ion conducting polymer film is deposited on said electrolyte surface using a conjugated oligomeric starting material.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 53, wherein said conjugated oligomeric starting material is selected from the group consisting of: poly(p-phenylene), polyacetylene, poly(phenylene vinylene), polyazulene, poly(perinaphthalene), polyacenes, and poly(naphthalene-2,6-diyl).
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 51, wherein said lithium ion conducting polymer film is deposited on said electrolyte surface using a monomeric starting material, and said monomeric starting material is acetylene.
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