US5929802A — Automotive forward looking sensor application

Claim 1

Independent Claim 156 words

A Forward Looking Sensor (FLS) comprising: (a) a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) having an input port to which a VCO control signal comprising at least one of a ramp up portion and a ramp down portion is coupled and an output port at which a transmit RF signal is provided for coupling to a transmit antenna; and (b) a linearization circuit having a first input port to which a feedback signal proportional to the transmit RF signal is coupled, a second input port to which a fixed frequency reference signal is coupled and an output port at which an error signal proportional to at least one of a phase difference and a frequency difference between the feedback signal and the fixed frequency reference signal is provided, wherein the VCO control signal is a function of the error signal and wherein the at least one ramp up portion and ramp down portion has a substantially linear slope.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 156 words

A Forward Looking Sensor (FLS) comprising: (a) a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) having an input port to which a VCO control signal comprising at least one of a ramp up portion and a ramp down portion is coupled and an output port at which a transmit RF signal is provided for coupling to a transmit antenna; and (b) a linearization circuit having a first input port to which a feedback signal proportional to the transmit RF signal is coupled, a second input port to which a fixed frequency reference signal is coupled and an output port at which an error signal proportional to at least one of a phase difference and a frequency difference between the feedback signal and the fixed frequency reference signal is provided, wherein the VCO control signal is a function of the error signal and wherein the at least one ramp up portion and ramp down portion has a substantially linear slope.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 36 words

The FLS of claim 1 further comprising a filter coupled between the output port of the linearization circuit and the input port of the VCO for filtering the error signal to provide the VCO control signal.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 86 words

The FLS of claim 1 wherein the linearization circuit comprises: (i) a frequency divider responsive to the feedback signal and to a control signal for dividing the frequency of the feedback signal by a predetermined value established by the control signal to generate a frequency-divided signal; and (ii) a mixer having a first input port to which the frequency divided-signal is coupled, a second inout port to which the fixed frequency reference signal is coupled and an output port at which the error signal is provided.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 53 words

The FLS of claim 3 further comprising: (i)a digital signal processor (DSP) for generating a plurality of command signals indicative of a mode of operation of the FLS; and (ii) a counter responsive to the plurality of command signals from the DSP for generating the control signal for coupling to the frequency divider.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 24 words

The FLS of claim 1 further comprising a coupler responsive to the transmit RF signal for providing the feedback signal to the linearization circuit.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 41 words

The FLS of claim 5 further comprising a down-converter coupled between the coupler and the first input port of the linearization circuit for converting the frequency of the RF transmit signal to a lower, intermediate frequency to generate the feedback signal.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 89 words

The FLS of claim 1 wherein the linearization circuit comprises: (i) an interferometer having an input port to which the feedback signal is coupled and an output port at which is provided a frequency proportional signal having a frequency proportional to the frequency of the transmit RF signal; and (ii) a mixer having a first input port to which the frequency proportional signal is coupled, a second input port to which the fixed frequency reference signal is coupled and an output port at which the error signal is provided.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 16 words

The FLS of claim 7 wherein the interferometer comprises a surface acoustic wave (SAW) delay line.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 96 words

A Forward Looking Sensor (FLS) comprising: (a) a transmit circuit having a transmit antenna for transmitting an RF signal; and (b) a receive circuit comprising: (i) a receive antenna for receiving an RF signal; (ii) a low noise amplifier (LNA) having an input port responsive to said RF signal received by said receive antenna and an output port at which a filtered RF signal is provided; and (iii) a single-sideband generator (SSBG) having an input port coupled to the output port of the LNA and an output port at which a filtered, single-sideband signal is provided.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 96 words

A Forward Looking Sensor (FLS) comprising: (a) a transmit circuit having a transmit antenna for transmitting an RF signal; and (b) a receive circuit comprising: (i) a receive antenna for receiving an RF signal; (ii) a low noise amplifier (LNA) having an input port responsive to said RF signal received by said receive antenna and an output port at which a filtered RF signal is provided; and (iii) a single-sideband generator (SSBG) having an input port coupled to the output port of the LNA and an output port at which a filtered, single-sideband signal is provided.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 170 words

The FLS of claim 9 wherein the SSBG comprises: a power divider having an input port coupled to the output port of the LNA, a first output port at which a first portion of the filtered RF signal is provided and a second output port at which a second portion of the filtered RF signal is provided, said first and second portions of the filtered RF signal having substantially equal power levels; a first amplifier having an input port coupled to the first output port of the power divider, a control port and an output port; a second amplifier having an input port coupled to the second output port of the power divider, a second input port and an output port; and a quadrature coupler having a first input port coupled to the output port of the first amplifier, a second input port coupled to the output port of the second amplifier, a first output port at which the filtered, single-sideband signal is provided and a second, terminated output port.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 55 words

The FLS of claim 10 wherein the control port of the first amplifier is responsive to a first control signal having a first predetermined phase and the control port of the second amplifier is responsive to a second control signal having a second predetermined phase which is ninety-degrees out-of-phase relative to the first control signal.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 24 words

The FLS of claim 9 wherein at least one of the LNA and the SSBG is implemented on a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC).

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 88 words

The FLS of claim 9 wherein the receive circuit further comprises: a Rotman lens on which RF energy from said RF signal received by said receive antenna impinges; a plurality of feed lines for directing RF energy from said Rotman lens; and a switch having a plurality of RF input ports coupled to corresponding ones of said plurality of feed lines, an output port and a control port responsive to a control signal for selecting among the plurality of RF input ports for coupling to the output port.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 52 words

The FLS of claim 9 wherein the receive circuit further comprises a down-converter having a first input port to which said filtered, single-sideband signal is coupled, a second input port to which a local oscillator (LO) signal is coupled and an output port at which an intermediate frequency (IF) signal is provided.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 65 words

A Forward Looking Sensor (FLS) comprising: (a) a transmit circuit comprising a transmit antenna for transmitting an RF signal, said transmit antenna comprising a plurality of radiating elements generating a plurality of radiating beams spaced relative to one another by approximately 1.1° and overlapping one another by about one-half beam width; and (b) a receive circuit comprising a receive antenna for receiving an RF signal.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 65 words

A Forward Looking Sensor (FLS) comprising: (a) a transmit circuit comprising a transmit antenna for transmitting an RF signal, said transmit antenna comprising a plurality of radiating elements generating a plurality of radiating beams spaced relative to one another by approximately 1.1° and overlapping one another by about one-half beam width; and (b) a receive circuit comprising a receive antenna for receiving an RF signal.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 26 words

The FLS of claim 15 wherein the field of view of the FLS is on the order of 15.4° and the transmit antenna comprises thirteen beams.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 38 words

The FLS of claim 15 wherein the receive antenna comprises a plurality of radiating elements generating a plurality of receiving beams spaced relative to one another by approximately 1.1° and overlapping one another by about one-half beam width.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 26 words

The FLS of claim 17 wherein the field of view of the FLS is on the order of 15.4° and the receive antenna comprises thirteen beams.

Claim 22

Independent Claim 78 words

A method for aligning a Forward Looking Sensor (FLS) comprising the steps of: providing a transmit antenna with a multiple beam pattern; providing a receive antenna with a multiple beam pattern; transmitting through predetermined ones of the multiple beams of the transmit antenna a predetermined RF signal; and receiving through predetermined ones of said multiple beams of said receive antenna reflections from said transmitted RF signal; and processing the received RF signal to generate an alignment offset signal.

Claim 23

Independent Claim 78 words

A method for aligning a Forward Looking Sensor (FLS) comprising the steps of: providing a transmit antenna with a multiple beam pattern; providing a receive antenna with a multiple beam pattern; transmitting through predetermined ones of the multiple beams of the transmit antenna a predetermined RF signal; and receiving through predetermined ones of said multiple beams of said receive antenna reflections from said transmitted RF signal; and processing the received RF signal to generate an alignment offset signal.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 72 words

The method of claim 19 where in the transmit antenna providing step comprises the step of providing the transmit antenna with thirteen beams spaced relative to one another so as to intersect at approximately one-half beam width, wherein the predetermined ones of the multiple beams of the transmit antenna are beams located on opposite sides of the center line of the beam pattern and spaced from said center line by approximately 20°.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 56 words

The method of claim 19 wherein the receive antenna providing step comprises the step of providing the receive antenna with thirteen beams, wherein the predetermined ones of the receive antenna beams are disposed on opposite sides of a center line of the receive antenna beam pattern and are spaced from said center line by approximately 20°.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	2002-07-26	2003-01-25	2003-07-27	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	2006-07-26	2007-01-25	2007-07-27	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	2010-07-26	2011-01-25	2011-07-27	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Automotive forward looking sensor application

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